GIFT  OF 


THE  WALTER -KRAUSE  GERMAN  SERIES 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


THE  WALTER-KRAUSE  GERMAN  SERIES 

Published    by    CHARLES     SCRIBNER'S     SONS 

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THE    WALTER-KRAUSE    GERMAN    SERIES 


BEGINNERS'    GERMAN 


BY 
MAX  WALTER,  Ph.D. 

DIRECTOR  OF  THE  MUSTERSCHULE   (REALGYMNASIUM)  ,  FRANKFURT  AM  MAIN 

VISITING  PROFESSOR,  TEACHERS     COLLEGE,  COLtTMBIA 

UNIVERSITY,  I9II 

AND 

CARL  A.  KRAUSE,  Ph.D. 

HEAD  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  MODERN  LANGUAGES,  JAMAICA  HIGH  SCHOOL,  N.V. 

LECTURER  ON  METHODS  OF  TEACHING  MODERN  LANGUAGES 

NEW  YORK  UNIVERSITY 


CHARLES  SCRIBNER'S  SONS 
NEW  YORK  CHICAGO  BOSTON 


Copyright,  1912,  1916,  by 
CHARLES  SCRIBNER'S  SONS 


■{-'\  \  i-r 


TO 

WILHELM  VlfiTOR,  Ph.D. 

PROFESSOR  IN  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  MARBURG 

Our  Friend  and  Leader 

THIS  BOOK 
IS  GRATEFULLY  INSCRIBED 


3G0524 


PREFACE 

■iKel&r  greube  an  ber  ©d&ule.* 

Beginners'  German  is  the  basic  book  of  the  Walter-Krause 
German  Series.  One  purpose  of  this  introductory  book  is  to 
initiate  the  learner  into  the  language  of  every-day  life  as  well 
as  into  the  literary  language,  thereby  insuring  a  reahstic  vocab- 
ulary. As  we  start  with  the  immediate  environment  of  the 
pupil,  we  have  the  best  of  foimdations  for  interest  and  for  suc- 
cess. At  all  times  we  are  taking  cognizance  of  the  living 
adolescent  and  not  of  abstract  pedantry.  The  work  is  an  out- 
growth of  actual  class-room  experience. 

The  first  lessons,  at  least,  are  intended  quite  as  much  for  the 
teacher  as  for  the  pupil.  We  beg  leave  to  give  the  following 
hints  as  to  an  effective  mode  of  using  Beginners'  German  — 
although  no  teacher  is  expected  to  tie  himself  down  to  one  par- 
ticular system: 

(i)  Develop  the  material  orally,  with  books  closed. 

(2)  Ascertain  by  questions  and  answers  whether  the  pupils 
have  the  proper  understanding  of  the  oral  work.  Every  answer 
should  be  repeated  hy  the  class. 

(3)  Call  for  a  continuous  oral  review  of  the  whole  (with  !2efe* 
ftMe), 

(4)  Have  the  assignment  read,  individually  and  in  chorus. 

(5)  Let  the  matter  covered  be  written  or  dictated. 

(6)  Be  sure  that  definite  grammatical  facts  are  gained  in 
each  lesson. 

Let  a  thorough  drill  in  sounds  be  connected  with  all  begin- 
ning lessons;  never  let  a  wrong  pronunciation  pass  muster. 
Do  not  assign  a  lesson  unless  it  has  been  prepared  in  class. 

The  questions  as  laid  down  in  our  book  are  intended  for  the 
student  J  to  insure  proper  review  at  home.     Such  review  may  be 

vii 


Vlll  BEGINNERS     GERMAN 

oral  or  written.  Of  course,  these  questions  do  not  limit  the 
individual  teacher  in  any  way  and  are  merely  suggestive. 
But  they  do  outline  the  work  of  the  learner  definitely  so 
that  the  matter  in  hand  shall  be  thoroughly  dealt  with 
and  mastered.  Answers  should  always  be  given  in  complete 
sentences.  All  home  work  should  be  oral — i.  e.,  spoken  aloud, 
or  at  least  articulated. 

The  Grammar  is  based  directly  upon  the  work  of  each  lesson 
and  is  learned  inductively.  We  are  not  talking  and  teaching 
about  grammar  but,  better  than  that,  we  talk  and  teach  gram- 
mar. The  learner  will  formulate  for  himself,  from  his  own 
experience,  certain  linguistic  laws  and  rules  and  this  very 
creative  laboratory  work  will  be  a  pleasure  to  him.  It  will  de- 
velop his  powers  of  observation  and  will  cause  him  to  use  his 
own  judgment  rather  than  to  accept  that  of  an  "  authority. '* 
Such  botanizing  work  will  be  his  mental  property  and  will  not 
be  done  in  futuram  oUivionem. 

Some  of  the  later  selections  deal  with  German  life  and  cus- 
toms. We  hope  that  the  students  will  gain  thereby  an  ac- 
quaintance with  Germany  and  the  Germans. 

The  progress  of  each  class  with  our  book  will  depend,  of 
course,  upon  a  number  of  circumstances.  For  Lessons  36-41 
we  have  furnished  Supplementary  Reading  to  illustrate  more 
fully  the  use  of  Compound  Verbs,  of  the  Subjunctive,  and  of 
Modal  Auxiliaries. 

A  number  of  Reproduction  Exercises  are  added  for  review 
purposes,  after  Lesson  27.  Translation  and  retranslation 
may  be  practised  occasionally  after  the  foreign  language 
has  been  essentially  mastered.  The  melodies  of  the  songs 
given  in  the  text,  as  well  as  two  additional  ones,  are 
printed  separately.  The  Grammatical  Tables  furnish  only 
the  absolute  essentials  of  German  Accidence  in  systematic 
arrangement. 

We  desire  to  express  our  hearty  thanks  to  a  number  of  our 
colleagues  both  in  America  and  in  Germany  for  many  valuable 


PREFACE  IX 

hints.  We  are  also  under  great  obligation  to  the  Frankfurter 
Lesebuch-Kommission,  to  Karl  Hessel's  Deutsche  Lesebucher, 
to  Kameradschaft,  Berlin,  to  Sering's  Chorgesangbuch,  and  to 
N.  G.  Elwert,  Marburg,  for  their  kindness  in  permitting  us 
to  use  some  of  their  selections  or  publications. 

Especially  do  we  acknowledge  our  gratitude  to  Dr.  A.  Busse, 
Associate  Professor  of  German,  Hunter  College  of  the  City  of 
New  York,  for  his  kind  advice  and  assistance  in  reading  both 
manuscript  and  proof. 

The  Authors. 

February  t  igx2. 


CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Preface vii 

Map  of  Germany facing  i 

Introductory:  Alphabet i 

Table  of  German  Sounds  with  Explanations 3 

Lesson    I.    Conversation  —  Days    (ift,    finb;    tear,    toaren;    Wirb, 

tocrbcn  fein) 7 

II.    Conversation  —  Days  (Declension  of  bic  SS^od^e)    .    .         9 

III.  Conversation  —  Months  (Declension  of  baiS  ^a^r)    .        11 

IV.  Conversation — Seasons    (Declension  of  ber  J^crbft; 

word  formation  un-) 13 

V.    Conversation  on  preceding  work   (Word-order;  im- 
personal verbs;  word  formation  -c) 16 

VI.    O  ^anncnbaum  (Review;  word  formation  -l^cit)  .    .       18 
VII.    Conversation  —  Multiplication  Tables  (bcr-words)    .        20 
VIII.    Conversation  —  Arithmetical  Problems  (Conjugation 

of  \6!j  6itt;  pronouns  of  address) 22 

IX.    Conversation  —  Family  (Declension  of   cinc   SSoc^c, 

cin  3ot)r;  word  formation  -d^cn,  -Icin) 26 

X.    Conversation  —  Cardinal  Numbers  (Declension  of  cin 

2«onat) 28 

XI.    Conversation  —  Parts  of  the  Day  (Conjugation  of  \6) 

l^abc;  ordinal  numbers) 30 

XII.    Conversation  —  Time   of   Day  (Conjugation   of   t(^ 

hjcrbc;  future  tense;  numerals  continued)     ...       32 

XIII.  Conversation  —  Parts   of   Body   (Declension  of   bic 

Si^^jcn,  bic  finger,  bic  S'^^^t) 34 

XIV.  Conversation  (Declension  of  bic  Sinbcr,  bic  Slugcn)  .       38 
XV.    Conversation  (Review  of  nouns;   prepositions  with 

dative) 39 

XVI.    Conversation  —  Date  (Ordinals  and  numerals  com- 
pleted)         42 

XVII.   ^ic  Sorcici  (i)  (petite)  (^aticn  and  fcin  in  compound 

tenses) 43 

xi 


^  beginners'   GERMAN 

PAGE 

XVIII.    ^Ic    2otctcl    (2)    and    (3)    (Drill    on    nouns;    word 

formation  -ung) 45 

XIX.    Conversation  —  Class    (ein-words,    neuter;    present 

tense;  imperative) 47 

XX.    Conversation  —  Class    (citt-words,   feminine;    reflex- 
ives; iti)  nci^me) 50 

XXI.    Conversation  —  Class  (cttl-words,  masculine;  reflex- 
ives, completed;  td^  trage;  declension  of  personal 

pronouns) 53 

XXII.    Unfcr  (Sd^ulstmmer  (i)  (Compound  nouns;  preposi- 
tions with  dative  or  accusative) 57 

XXIII.  Unfcr  ©djuljimmcr  (2)  (Preterit  of  weak  verbs;  word 

formation  -if(!^) 60 

XXIV.  Unfcr  ©e^ul^au^  (Prepositions  with  accusative;   per- 

fect and  pluperfect) 62 

XXV.    Unfcrc  Sd^ulc  (Comparison  of  adjectives  and  ad- 
verbs)         65 

XXVI.    ©ci  Xim  ©tittc  ^am  (i)  (Adverbial  compounds; 
agreement    of    pronouns;    indefinite    pronouns; 

strong  declension  of  adjectives) 66 

XXVII.    $Ia^rcgcn   (Preterit   of  strong  verbs;   coordinating 

conjunctions) 69 

XXVIII.    ^ctbcnri))8lcitt  (®oetf)c)  (Review;  strong  verbs)  ...       72 
XXIX.   ©bclmann  unb  Partner  (Interrogative  and  relative 

pronouns;  word  formation) 75 

XXX.    Review  (Classification  of  strong  verbs) 78 

XXXI.    ^ttig  fofttittrc  ^rautlcin  (Weak  declension  of  adjec- 
tives,   feminine    singular    and    plural;    irregular 

strong  verbs) 81 

XXXII.    ^a!§  tagltd^c  f8tot  (Weak  declension  of  adjectives, 

neuter  singular  and  plural;  word  formation)     .    .       84 

XXXIII.  ^tc  bcutf(^c  ^aifcrfamilic;  ^cit  bir  im  ©icgcrfrans  (i) 

(Weak  declension  of  adjectives,  masculine  singu- 
lar and  plural;  word  formation  -ling,  -Utf))     .    .       87 

XXXIV.  '^aS  bctttfcfic  Sicid^  (Mixed  declension  of  adjectives).       90 
XXXV.    ^ic  SHBac^t  am  ffifitm  (i)  (Review;  word  formation 

-ig,  -6ar) 93 

XXXVI.    @ttt  Sricf;  SSanbcrfci^aft  (i)  (Inseparable  and  separa- 
ble verbs;  verbs  with  dative;  prepositions  with 

genitive) 95 

XXXVII.    ^cr  trcuc  J^unb  (Inseparable  and  separable  verbs 

concluded) 98 


CONTENTS  XIU 

PAGE 

XXXVIII.    ^cr  ^unb  mit  bcm  fjlcifc^e  (Subjunctive  of  indirect 

speech  and  question) 102 

XXXIX.    Sricf  @oct^C!§  an  ©(fitter  (Subjunctive  of  ideal  con- 
dition; possibility;  wish) 105 

XL.    2)tc  ©d^utcn  (Modal  auxiliaries) 107 

XLI.    @ilc  mit  SSeilc  (Modal  auxiliaries;  irregular  weak 

verbs) no 

XLII.    ^rct  i^rcunbc  (Passive  voice) 114 

XLIII.    ^ic  p^crcn  ®(^ulcn  ^cutft^tanb)^  (Passive  voice)     .  117 
XLIV.    ^ic  ^cutfc^cti  in  Simcrifa  (Passive  and  substitutes 

for  passive  voice) 120 

XLV.    S)cutf(^Ianb  iibcr  9tttc^  (Review) 124 

XL VI.   ^cutfc^lanb)^  ©tcffung  in  bcr  aBcItttJirtfrfiaft  (Passive 

voice  concluded) 126 

Supplementary  Reading 131 

Reproductions 138 

Grammatical  Tables 143 

Abstract  OF  German  Grammar 174 

Songs >  179 

Vocabulary • 197 


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BEGINNERS'   GURMAN 


INTRODUCTORY 

ALPHABET 

SMALL  LETTERS 

CAPITAL  LETTERS 

Print 

Script 

Print 

Script 

Namiy 

a 

a 

y€i^ 

A 

21 

a 

>ai 

b 

b 

J 

B 

33 

^ 

bei 

c 

c 

.^ 

C 

e 

.^ 

tsez 

d 

b 

^ 

D 

® 

^ 

del 

e 

c 

.^fl^ 

E 

(g 

>ei 

f 

f 

/ 

F 

% 

?£f 

g 
h 

i 

9 

t 

G 
H 
I 

® 
3 

gei 
hai 

J 
k 

i 

# 

J 

K 

3 
S 

& 

jot 
kai 

1 

I 

^ 

L 

? 

^ 

i>el 

m 

m 

y^^^ 

M 

aw 

M^ 

?em 

n 

n 

.^l^ 

N 

91 

?i^ 

?en 

0 

0 

^ 

0 

o 

cr 

?01 

2        '    '    ^      [[     '  'bEGINT^ERS'    GERMAN 

SSlALfLfeTtERg '       ' '      CAPITAL  LETTERS 

Print  ScEnrr  Print  Script  Name 

p       p  j^  P        ^  "^  pel 

q       q  ^  Q      O      '^  kui 


r      r  .^  R     dl  ^^  ,?£r 

s       fg  ^^^^^  S       ®  ^  '>es 

t       t  ^  T      Z         "^  tei 

u      u  ^  U      U  '^'^              ?ui 

V      b  xi«5?  V      93  /^  fau 

w      to  ^j^  W     2B  ^^  vei 

n       I  ^  X      3e  ^T  ^iks 

y       ^  J^  Y       g)           V^  ^ypsibn 

z       3  /Z^  Z'  3           ^  ts£t 

COMPOUND  CONSONANTS 

I  Print  Script              Print  Script              Print  Script 


MODIFIED  VOWELS  (Umlautc) 

,,  rr  '^' 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


Deuts^che^^^^l^uttafel 

lippenlaute 

Zahnlaute 

Vorder-       Hinter- 

Gaumenlaute 

KehUaute 

pb 

td 

kg 

9 

r 

CQ 

s 

1 

m 

n 

11 

fv 

szX5 

<?J 

Xlg] 

h 

r 

R 

1 

I 

(  ) 
(  ) 
(  ) 
(  ) 

ley)             (U) 
fnr)         (U) 
e(e)  a  <o) 

f 

6tiniinlo3    sQnonluilt      nasal 


TABLE  OF  GERMAN  SOUNDS 

(VIETOR    SYSTEM) 

EXPLANATIONS  AND  EXAMPLES 

(The  phonetic  spelling  used  is  that  of  the  Association  Phonetique  Inter- 
nationale) 

In  the  Table  the  German  sounds  are  represented  — 

(i)  in  the  vertical  columns  —  according  to  the  place  of 
articulation,  in  natural  order,  viz.,  lips,  teeth,  hard  palate 
(front),  soft  palate  (back),  throat; 

(2)  in  the  horizontal  columns  —  according  to  the  form 
of  articulation,  the  breath  passage  being   (a)  completely 


4  BEGINNERS     GERMAN 

closed,  or  (b)  considerably  narrowed,  or  (c)  left  compara- 
tively open,  in  the  place  of  articulation. 

Characters  representing  voiced  sounds  are  printed  in 
red,  characters  representing  nasal  sounds  are  printed 
in  green.  In  German  all  nasal  sounds  are  at  the  same 
time  voiced. 

A.  SOUNDS  WITH  CLOSURE  OR  NARROWING  OF 
BREATH  PASSAGE  — CONSONANTS 

I.  WITH  CLOSURE  — STOPPED  CONSONANTS 

I.  Lip  Consonants  (Lip  and  Lip) 
p,  voiceless  — $ein,  9tau^?e,  a6.     b,    voiced  —  S5eln,  rauBen. 

m,  nasal— ttiein,nef)men,  urn. 

2.  Teeth  Consonants  (Tongue  and  Teeth) 
t,  voiceless  —  Xkx,  leiten,  leib.      d,  voiced  —  bir,  leiben. 

n,  nasal  — nein,  tt)of)ncn, 

3.  Back  Consonants  (Tongue  and  Soft  Palate) 
k,  voiceless  —  ^arte,  quafett  g,  voiced  —  ©arten     (fd^toei* 

(9Seg,  JagO-  Sen,  tragenO. 

r),  nasal  —  fitigen,  lang. 

4.  Throat  Consonant  (Vocal  Chords) 
?,  voiceless — (>)alt. 

II.  WITH  NARROWING  — NARROW  CONSONANTS 

I.  Lip  Consonants  (Lower  Lip  and  Upper  Teeth) 
f ,   voiceless  —  ^dtjXtn,   lauf en,       v,  voiced  —  SBaren,  ettiig. 
auf. 

1  In  North  and  Middle  German  pronunciation  finally  and  medially  the 
narrow  consonants  g  and  x,  j  and  g  are  generally  used:  see  II,  3  4. 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  5 

2.  Teeth  Consonants  (Tongue  and  Teeth) 
Thin  {Thin  Breath  Passage) 
s,  voiceless  —  *iS!is3e/  reiften,       z,  voiced  —  ©ee,  reif en. 

Broad  {Broad  Breath  Passage) 
J,  voiceless  —  ©tein,  tDafc^en,        *5,  voiced  —  *goumaI, 

Trilled  {Vibration  of  Tongue  Point) 

r,  voiced  —  raul^,  (Sl^rc,  toal^r. 
Divided  {Passage  on  Both  Sides  of  Tongue  Point) 

1,  voiced  —  Im,  fe^ten,  Xdh 
3.  Front  Consonants  (Tongue  and  Hard  Palate) 
9,  voiceless — *6^]^emie,  rei^en,     j,  voiced  — ja  (fd^rtieigen), 

4.  Back  Consonants  (Tongue  and  Soft  Palate) 
X,  voiceless  — fucften  (2^ag)»  g,  voiced  —  (tragen). 

Trilled  {Vibration  of  Uvula) 

R,  voiced  —  (raul^,  (glfirc, 

XQO^t). 

5.  Throat  Consonant  (Vocal  Chords) 
h,  voiceless  —  ^oXi, 

B.  SOUNDS  WITH  OPENING  OF  BREATH 
PASSAGE  — VOWELS 

All  voiced.    The  opening  is  between  the  tongue  and  the  palate.    Sounds 
with  Up  rounding  are  indicated  in  the  Table  by  (  ). 

I.   Front  Vowels 
i:,  long  — ilftn,  Sicbe,  n3ic.  i,  short  —  in,  igippe, 

e:,  long  —  (S^re,  gebeti,  @($nee, 

1  An  asterisk  mdicates  words  or  sounds  not  originally  German. 


e:,  long  —  S[f)re,  gaben,  *^alat«.       e,  short  —  cffcn,  §anbc» 
*e:/  long,  nasal  —  Baffin,  terrain. 

Rounded 
y:,  long  — ubcl,  ^iitc.  t,  short  —  iip^Jig,  ^iittc. 

g:,  long  —  Dfen,  ©iif)ne, 

*§,  long,  nasal  —  SSerbun,  Xxtnit^      e,  short  —  ijffnen,  Wdnii). 
ct=un. 

2.   Mixed  Vowels  (Intermediate  between  Front  and 

Back) 
9,  short  —  gcnug,  53ittc» 
a:,  long— 5tal,  laf)m,  ha.  a,  short— aK,  gatnm. 

*&:,  long,  nasal  —  O^ouen,  (Sfiancc. 

3.  Back  Vowels 
All  Rounded 
u:,  long— Ufcr,  Tint,  bu.  u,  short— untcn,  2)httter. 

o:,  long  —  ol^nc,  tooftl,  fo. 
*o:,  long,  nasal  —  iBallott,  o,  short  —  offcn,  SSort. 

Diphthongs 
ai:,  @t«,  flein,  3)^al. 
au:,  5(uge,  :2auf,  blau. 
oy:,  cuer,  lauten,  $cu» 

*  Nasal  vowels  in  North  German  pronunciation  are  usually  replaced  by 
the  corresponding  non-nasal  short  vowels  followed  by  ji,  e.g.  S8offin= 
SBaffcng,  SSerbun=93crbiJng,  9Jouen=9{ouanfi,  S3anon=53aIIonfi. 


€rjle  Jlufgabe 

ttt^tung!  ^te  ftcben  Xa^t  ber  iESod^e  ftnb:  ber  SD^ontag, 
^Dten^tag,  9)^itttt)od^,  !Donner^tag,  greitag, 
(Sonnabenb  ober  (Sam^tag  unb  ber  ©onntag. 

^ie  gragc    ilBelc^er  ^ag  ift  i)eute?   3Bag  ift  ^eute? 
ift:  

SSajg  ift  bie  $cute  ift  3)?ontag  (or  respective  day  of  the 
%ntmxt?         week). 

(^a^)         SBa^  ift  tnorgen? 
^rauicin  5(J 

2)ic  51nt*      nj^orgen  ift  ^icn^tag* 
njort  ift: 

(^cr)  iESa^  it)irb  ilbermorgen  fein? 

^ic  5ttit=      iibennorgen  lt)irb  3}^ittlt)0(i^  fein. 
mxt  ift:       323(1^  ^^jt^.^  iiberilbermorgen  fein? 

3Be((^e  3::age  iDerben  morgen  unb  iibermorgen  fein? 

SKa^  mar  geftern? 

iCBa^  tear  dorgeftem? 

SBa^  tDar  Dordorgeftem?  ' 

SBeI(^e  2^age  iraren  geftern  unb  borgeftem? 

3ft  f)eute  ^ien^tag? 

9^ein,  mein  §err,  fjeute  ift  nic^t  !I)ien6tag,  fon^' 
htm  5D^ontag,  '^ 

max  geftern  9)^itth)0(^? 

ilBirb  morgen  ^ien^tag  fein? 

3a,  mein  ^err,  morgen  tDirb  !^ien§tag  fein. 


8 


beginners'   GERMAN 


^(affc!         SESa«  ift  l^eute? 

fammen! 
©ajgcn  ©tc: 

Scrncn: 


maffe! 

5lttc  5U== 
fammen! 

©ie  laut! 


?Bann  njar  (Sonntag?  etc. 

!Da«  (Sprid^tDort  ift:  ^effer  f)eute  al^  mprgen, 

9)?orgcn,  morgen,  nur  nlc^t  l&cute, 
<Spred^en  alle  faulen  ^eute.  — 
^a^  ift  aud^  ein  ©prid^njort, 

©ie  ftnb  nic^t  faule  ^eute»    9^ein,  ©ic  ftnb  fleipig! 

^effer  J)eute  al^  morgen, 

©ic  miiffen  laut  unb  nid§t  leife  fpred^enl 

^arl  fpric^t  laut, 

gri^  fpric^t  lauter, 

§eiurtd^  fpric^t  ant  lauteften, 

(glifabetJ)  fpric^tjeife, 

5lnna  fprid^t  leifer, 

2)^argarete  fprid^t  am  leifcftcn* 


PRETERIT 

gcftem,  etc. 
h)ar  —  maren 
©onntag,  etc. 

MASCULINE 

bcr  SD^ontag,  etc. 
^err 


NOTE 

PRESENT 

Iieute 
ift  — finb 
SD^ontag 


bic  5lufgabe 
5l(^tung 
grage 
5lnttDort 
Piaffe 


FUTURE 

morgen,  etc. 

n)irb,  h)erben  .  ♦  .  fcin 

S)ien«tag,  etc. 

NEUTER 

ba^  grciutein 
©prtd^tDort 


beginners'   GERMAN 


'^^wzxk  2tufgabe  - 

mttn  Xaql  3ft  bie^  Hufgabe  eto?   3ft  bieg  Seftion  cto? 

-   ^   9^em,  mein  §err,  bie6  tft  nld^t  5lufgabc  eln^,  fon* 
bern  ^lufgabe  jtDei, 

tfaffc!         ^ic  SBo(^e  f)at  fieben  2:age, 

SBelc^eg  finb  bie  fieben  ^age  bcr  iESoc^e? 

9*10^^  ^ie  fieben  2:age  ber  ilBod^e  finb:  ber  TlontaQ,  etc. 

einmaU        @ieben  Xage  finb  in  \>tt  iffioc^e, 

©ieben  ^age  bilben  (madden)  bic  ilBoc^e, 

5(c^tung !      SD^ontag  ift  ein  Xag, 

iD^ontag  unb  ^ien^tag  finb  jtDei  3:age, 
SJJontag,  3)iengtag  unb  9J^ittn)oci§  finb  brei  2:age, 
Tlonta^,  ^Dien^tag,  SD^itttDOC^  unb  ^onner^tag 

finb  bier  ^age, 
TlontaQ,  ^ien^tag,  Tlitttood),  !Donner^tag  unb 

greitag  finb  fiinf  ^age, 
Tlonta^,  3)ien^tag,  SD^itttDod^,  ^onner^tag,  grei* 

tag  unb  ©onnabenb  finb  fed^^  ^age, 
Tlonta^,  3)ien^tag,  Tlitfrno^^,  ^onner^tag,  grei* 
tag,  ©onnabenb  unb  (Sotintag  finb  fieben  Stage* 
!Der  93^ontag  ift  ber  erfte  ^ag  ber  SSoc^e, 
^ien^tag  ift  ber  jtoeite  ^ag  ber  SSod^e, 
mitttdoi^  ift  ber  britte  2:ag  ber  SSod^e, 
!5)onner^tag  ift  ber  bierte  2:ag  ber  SSoc^e, 
greitag  ift  ber  flinfte  XaQ  ber  ilBod^e, 
<Sonnabenb  ift  ber  fed^fte  ^ag  ber  SSod^e, 
<Sonntag  ift  ber  fiebte  unb  le^te  3;:ag  ber 
iffiod^e* 


lO 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


$«ocft  SBelc^eS  ift  ber  crftc  ^ag  ber  iS3od^e?i  etc. 

il222?^        ©eftcrn  hjar  TlontaQ,  ber  erfte  Xag  ber  SBod^c, 

3)^orgen  mirb  3}JitttDoc^  fein,  ber  bvittt  ZaQ  ber 
iE3o(^e,  etc. 

2(c^tung!      !Da^  ift  bie  erfte  9^e  ober  bie  erfte  ©ruppe, 

5Da^  ift  bie  gtreite  dltif)c  ober  bie  gtDeite  0ruppe,  etc. 
!I)a^  finb  gtDei,  brei,  etc.,  9?eif)en  ober  ©nippen. 
2,  4,  6  finb  gerabe  B^W^^^ 
1,  3,  5,  7  finb  unQerabe  S^^film. 


Icrnen: 


Piaffe! 


5tu)gttienbig 
Icrnen: 


^liS^tung! 


@nbe  gut,  alte^  gut, 

@rft  bie  Hrbeit,  bantt  ha^  (Spiel.— 

!Da§  finb  jii)ei  ®prid^tr)5rter. 

<Sie  finb  gut,  ^k  finb  nic^t  fd^Ied^t! 
©ie  arbeiten  gut  unb  fpielen  nid^t! 
ilSann  fommt  bie  Hrbeit?   Unb  bann? 

9^imm  benn  frifc^  bie  5(rbeit  auf 

5In  ben  SSerfeltagen, 

Unb  bu  it)irft,  ic^  irette  brauf  (I  bet  on  it), 

grol^en  (Sonntag  f)aben. 

Hlle  3:age  oufier  ©onntag  finb  ^crftoge  ober  Scr* 

feltage. 
©ie  lac^en:  (Sie  finb  frpj  unb  nid^t  traurig; 
©ie  finb  frifc^  unb  nid^t  miibe! 


bie  SSod^e 


Declension:  bie  ^od^e,  in  the  Singular, 

Nominative 

Accusative 

Genitive  ber  SBod^e 

Dative  ber  SSod^e 

*    Let  the  individual  pupils  repeat  the  questions  of  the  teacher  so 
as  to  become  accustomed  to  asking  questions. 


beginners'   GERMAN  II 

Decline:  bie  Hufgabc,  bie  grage,  bie  HnttDort,  bie  5lc^tung,  bie 
Piaffe,  bie  $Heif)e,  bie  ©ruppe,  bie  2lr6eit, 

E.g. 

N.  ^ic  Hrbeit  ift  gut, 

G.  2)ie  2:age  bcr  5lrbeit  finb  SSerftage, 

Z>.  ^ei  ber  5lrbeit  lernen  ®ie  fleifeig. 

A.  ^ie  i^eute  fd^reiben  bie  Hrbeit  frifd^  unb  fro^. 

Of  what  gender  are  these  nouns? 
Do  they  change  in  the  singular? 
How  can  you  tell  nouns  in  German? 


Britte  2lufgabe 

©cien  (Bit    !Da«  ift  bd^jetSiime  „5(c^tung." 

-flifeSf      (gie  mliffen  aufmerffatn  fein,  nic^t  unaufmerffam, 
fam! 

"iiaffe!         ^a§  ^a^v  f)at  gh)oIf  Tlomtt. 

^ie  srt)i)If  Tlomtt  bc^  3af)re)§  finb: 

ber  3cinuar,  gebruar,  9[)?ara,  Hpril,  2)?ai,  3unt, 

3uli,  5liiguft,  (September,  Dftober,  9^ot)ember, 

^ejember, 
3n  bem  3cif)v  finb  sft)oIf  SD^onate, 
3^olf  SD^onate  bilben  bai^  3ti§i^» 
^er  3anuar  ift  ein  Tlonat 
!Der  3cinuar  unb  ber  gebruar  finb  ^tod  SD^onate, 

etc. 
8  =  ac^t,  9  =  neun,  10  =  gefin, 
11  =  elf,  12  =  ^mil 
^er  3?anuar  ift  ber  erfte  Tlonat  beg  ^o^reg, 

gebruar  ift  ber  s^eite  SD^onat  be^  3cilf)re§,  etc. 
Huguft  ift  ber  ac^te  Tlomt  be^  3af)reg, 


12 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


5(u!§ttJCttbig 
Icrnen: 


SStcber* 
lloUn  ©ic 
baS! 

2luf|jaffctt! 
^iftieren! 


Semen! 
5(c§tung! 


September  tft  ber  neunte  ^D^onat  be§  ^ti^teg, 
Oftober  ift  ber  scf)nte  9)?onat  be«  ^al^teg, 
5^ot)cmber  ift  ber  elftc  '^fflonat  be^  3af)reg, 
^egetnber  ift  ber  ^tDoIfte  Tlonat  be^  3^af)reg. 

iDSetd^e^  ift  ber  erfte  Tlonat  be^  3a{)reg?  ber  biertc 
momt? 

mt  Diele  3}?onate  l^at  bag  3a!)r? 

^a6  3a^t:  ift  lang, 

ber  XaQ  ift  furj> 

^reifeifi  3:age  ]()at  9^obember, 

5lpril,  3uni  unb  (September, 

gebruar  l^at  biermal  fieben. 

We,  bit  nod^  ilbrig  blieben  (still  remain), 

^aben  einunbbreifeig, 

'^a^  ift  ba^felbe  tt)ie  „nod^  eintnaL" 


3d^  fd^reibe  eg  an  bie  ^afeL 

,3efet  biftiere  ic^  eg  3l)nen,  ober  id^  gebe  ^l^nen  ein 
!Diftat! " 

mtill  5rpril! 

'^tiv  meife  nid^t,  H)ag  er  toilt, 

3d&  meife:  eg  ift  {)eute  Mttmod^, 
SBeld^e  9}?onate  fiaben  30  Xa^e? 
SBeld^e  2)^onate  ]^aben  31  2age? 


Declension:  bag  3af)r,  in  the  Singular. 

Nominative 

Accusative 

Genitive  beg  3af)reg 

Z^a/i^'e  bem  3a6r(e) 


bag  3af)r 


13 

Decline:  ha^  grautein,  ba6  ©pric^tDort,  bag  (Snbe,  bag  ©picl, 
bag  ^ittat 
E.g. 

iV.     2)a^  ©piel  {ft  laut 
G.     3)ie  ^lufgabe  bc^  ®picl(e)^  ift  btcg» 
D.     ^n  bcm  ©ptet  ftnb  ©pric^tDorter  entl^alten  (contained). 
^.     ®ie  lemen  t>a^  ©piel  gut. 

Of  what  gender  are  these  nouns? 

Are  the  natural  and  the  grammatical  gender  of  nouns 
identical  in  German?    Illustrate. 


Vmk  2Iufgabe 


5(uf^affen!   !Dag  3o.f)v  l^at  bier  ^aSreg^eitetu 

!Die  bier  3af)regjelten  ftnb  ober  l^ei|en: 

ber  griilfiling,  ber  ©ommer, 

ber  ^erbft  unb  ber  SBlnter, 
SBie  l^eifeen  bie  bier  3af)reggeiten? 
2Bie  Ifiet^en  ©ie? 

fSxttt,  (Bit  miiffen  _beutlic§  unb  genau  fpred^en,  ntd^t  fo 

bcutia*  au^=     unbeutrtd^  unb  ungenau! 
f^red)en,      ^.^  ^^.^^  ^^^^^^  ^^^  englifd^? 

§erbft  f)ei6t  auf  engltfdf)  fall  (harvest). 

^anfc!         T)a^  tft  rec^t,  ha^  tft  rid^tig,  nid^t  fqj|^. 
SSelc^e  ^a^regjeit  tft  je^t? 
3efet  tft  eg  §erbft, 
3ft  eg  ie^t  SBtnter? 
9^ein,  mein  g»err,  {e^t  ift  eg  ntc^t  Winter,  Jonbern 

^erbft. 
SSetcJe  3cil&t:egsett  \ioax  borlfier? 


14 


cinmaU 


Semen  8te 
hjenbig: 


5td^tttng! 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 

SKetd^e  3af)re§selt  mirb  .nad^ber  fein? 

SBie  t)ie(e  ^afire^seiten  gibt  e^? 

SSie  biele  ^o^re^selten  f)afen  tDir? 

3n  tDcId^er  3alf)re^seit  leben  tviv? 

SKir  leben  im  (in  bem)  §erbft, 

^er  griif)ltng  ift  bie  erfte  3af)re^jeit,    ■ 

ber  (©ontmer  ift  bie  glDeite  ^a^re^geit,  etc. 

Tlixvi,  5lpril  unb  Tlai  finb  bie  brei  grlifilinQe* 

monate, 
3uni,  3uli  unb  Sluguft  finb  bie  brei  ©omnter^ 

monate, 
September,  Oftober  nnb  5^obember  finb  bie  brei 

^erbftmonate, 
©eaember,  ^anuar  unb  gebruar  finb  bie  brei 

SSintermonate* 

^er  ^erbft  ift  bie  britte  ^alfire^aeit* 

!Die  Jeit  bc)g  ^erbftei^  bauert  t)on  (September  bi^ 

9^ot)ember. 
iBir  finb  je^t  im  (in  bem)  §erbft» 
(September,  Dftober  unb  S^oDember  bilben  hm 

§erbft. 

5nif)Iing,  ©ommer,  $erbft  unb  SSinter 
(Sinb  beg  guten  ©otte^  ^inber, 
^ringen  un^  beg  ©uten  t)iel: 
tinmen,  grild^te,  fro|eg  (SpieL 

mv  atle  finb  bie  ^inber  ©otteg,  beg  35aterg, 

SBIumen  unb  grild^te  finb  im  ©arten. 

^g  gibt  t)iele  ^lumen  unb  grlid^te  im  ©arten;  fie 

jDctc^fen  im  @arten» 
!Die  $Rofe  ift  eine  ^lume;  bie  ^Tutpe  ift  aud^  einc 

^lume. 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  1 5 

SBie  ^etfet  alfo  ^lume  auf  cnglifc^? 

!Der  5lpfel  tft  eine  gnid^t;  bie  Tldom  ift  auc^  erne 

iESie  fietfet  alfo  gruc^t  auf  englifd^? 
9^ennen  ®tc  mlr  ^lumen  unb  grlid^te! 


Declension:  ber  §erbft,  in  the  Singular, 

Nominative  bcr  ^erbft 

Genitive  be^  §er6fte^ 

Z?a/iz)e  bem  §erbft(e) 

Accusative  ben  $erbft 

Decline:  bcr  Za^,  ber  9JJontag,  etc.,  ber  SSerftag, 

ber  2)?onat,  ber  ^anuar,  etc.,  ber  gril{)Ung,  etc., 
\  ber  @ott,  ber  5Sater,  ber  ©arten. 

E.g. 

N.  ^cr  erfte  Xaq  ber  SSod^e  l^eifet  9}?ontag. 

G.  !Dte  Arbeit  be^  Sage^  tft  grofe. 

Z).  5ln  bcm  (am)  2^age  fd^lafen  bie  fteinen  ^inber. 

A.  SSir  nennen  ben  erften  SSoc^entag  9}Jontag. 

Of  what  gender  are  the  names  of  the  days,  of  the 
months,  and  the  seasons? 

WORD    FORMATION 

What  is  the  force  of  the  prefix  un-? 

Ungenau  tft:  nid^t  genau, 
unbeutUc^  tft:  ntc^t  beutltd^, 
unaufmerffam  tft:  ntd^t  aufmerliflltt* 

Do  we  have  the  same  prefix  in  English? 


i6 


beginners'   GERMAN 


5(d^tung ! 


5Cttfangctt 
(S3cginnen)j 


(SScitcr): 

Scrncn  Sic 
au^menbig: 


^anfte  ^ufgabe 

(g«  tft  Mt  itn  iSBinter.  (gg Jriert^  unb  c6  f d&nett  oft, 
^er  Winter  ift  ein  armer  9}iann,  @r  BfmgFlemc 
58Iumen  unb  feme  griid^te,  er  bringt  aber  frof)e^ 
(Spiel    ^er  SKlnter  ift  bag  Snbe  beg  ^al^reg, 

3tn  grueling  ift  eg  milb,  @g  ift  itn  grli!)Iing 
fc^oner  a(g  im  SSinter, 

^m  (Sommer  ift  eg  inarm,  oft  fel^r  6d6-  ^^^ 
(gommer  ift  reid^,  @r  bringt  ung  diele  ^lutnen 
unb  griid^te,    (gg  Mijt  unb  bonnert  oft» 

3m  ^erbft  ift  eg  fii^L  !Die  ^uft  ifFm^L  (gg  ift 
fd^on,  menu  bie  (Sonne  fd^eint,  @g  regnet  oft, 
ioenn  bie  (Sonne  nid^t  fd^eint»  ^ann  ift  bag 
fetter  fd^Ied^t;  bann  ift  eg  fd&lec^teg  SESetter, 

3?n  toeld^er  ^ci^i^c^sstt  gibt  eg  feine  ^lunten? 

SSag  bringt  ber  SSinter? 

SBann  ift  eg  Mt? 

SSie  ift  ber  SBinter? 

iESann  friert  eg  unb  fd^neit  eg? 

iBarum  friert  eg? 

2Bie  ift  eg  im  5riif)ling?  etc. 

3m  SSinter,  iuenn  eg  frieret, 

Qm  SBinter,  n^enn  eg  fd^neit, 

^ann  ift  ber  SSeg  ^uv  Sd^ule 

gilrtt)af)r  nod^  ^mal  fo  toeit  (flirlDal^r,  indeed). 

Unb  toenn  ber  ^udfudf  rufet, 

!Dann  ift  ber  grii{)Iing  ba, 

^ann  ift  ber  SBeg  gur  (Sc^ute 

giirtoal^r  noc^  'mal  fo  nai). 


beginners'   GERMAN  1 7 

SBer  aber  gerne  lernet, 
!Dem  i[t  fetn  SSeg  gu  fern; 
3m  SSinter  h)ie  tm  griil^lmg 
®e()t  er  gur  (Sd^ule  gem. 

Hoffmann  Don  ^alUx^Uhtn, 

5(u!§hJCttbig   9teben  tft  (Silbcr, 
lemen:         (gc^tDcigen  ift  ®oIb,— 

^eben  ^d^i  fpred^en;  fc^tDeigen  l^eifet:  nid^t  reben* 

NOTE 

Are  predicative  adjectives  declined? 

Do  the  names  of  the  days,  months,  and  seasons  require  the 
definite  article  in  English?   In  German? 

IMPERSONAL    VERBS 

(S^  friert,  e§  fd^neit,  e«  bli^t,  eg  bonnert,  e«  regnet. 
What  do  these  five  impersonal  verbs  express? 

ORDER    OF    WORDS 

I.    (gg  ift  fait  tm  SStnter.    (Normal.)    . 
II.    3m  griit)Iing  ift  c^  mtlb,    (Inverted.) 
III.    (gg  ift  f(^on,  tDenn  bie  ©onnejelljdficint  (Dependent.) 

Interchange  the  normal  and  the  inverted  order  in  I  and  II. 
What  kind  of  clauses  or  sentences  are  they? 

Change  III  into  two  independent  clauses  of  I. 

Combine  I  and  II  into  a  sentence  of  type  III  by  using  the 
subordinating  conjunction  n)af)renb  (while). 

Notice:  SBenn  bie  ©onnc  fd6eint,  tft  eg  fc^oncg  SBetter. 
<Bd)dnt  bie  (Sonne,  [o  ift  e§  f(^oneg  SBetter. 

Note  that  the  German  uses  a  comma  before  and  after  a  dependent 
clause. 


l8  BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 

WORD    FORMATION 

^ait  Gibt  bit  tSttc, 
h)arm  gibt  bte  SScirmc, 
tnilb  gibt  bic  SD^ilbe, 
mjl  gibt  bic  tiif)Ic. 

Of  what  gender  are  these  nouns  ending  in  -e,  which  are  de- 
rived from  adjectives? 


Scd^jle  2lufgabe 

(Review) 

?gaffcn  @ie  ©eute  lemen  tolr  ein  bcutfd^eg  !2ieb,  eln  SBoIMicb. 
<^»f*  2)^an  fingt  ein  ;^ieb, 

2)a^  !2ieb  f)ei6t:  O  ^anticniautn. 

D  ji:anncnbauTn,  o  3:annenbauin, 

iSSie  treu  finb  beine  flatter! 

^u  griinft  nid^t  :ij^  jur  ©ommerseit, 

SfldUf  auc^  im  SBintcr,  h)enn  eg  fd^neit. 

O  5tannenbautn,  o  jtannenbaum, 

SKie  treu  finb  beine  flatter! 

^i(i)t  faut    ©er  jtannenbaum  l^eifet  auf  englifd^  the  fir-tree. 
fcin! 

mm  trttgc  2:reu  l^eifet  „nic^t  falfc^." 

feln!  mii^c^  anbere  SBort  {)ei6t  and^:  nid^t  folfd^? 

(Sin  iBaunt^t  53Iatter,  t)iele  flatter,  bk  griin  finb. 

@inb  fie  blan  ober  rot? 

^ie  ^Blatter  finb  nid^t  blan,  fonbem  griin. 

^a«  ©rag  ift  grlln, 

<Bmb  bit  iBIcitter  beS  jTannenbaum^  griin? 

Satool)!,  bie  flatter  beg  3:annenbaumg  finb  griin. 


beginners'   GERMAN  1 9 

3ft  bcr  ^annenbaum  grog  ober  flein? 

!Dle  flatter  be^  2:annenbaumg  fietgen  5^abeln, 

(^xunt  ber  S^annenbaum  nur  sur  (ju  ber)  (Som=* 

mergett? 
©d^neit  e6  tm  SSinter? 
<Sd^neit  e^  aud^  tm  (Sommer? 
griert  e«  oft  tm  (Sommer? 
3ft  bie  ?uft  tm  SBlttter  fait  ober  toaxm? 

JBerftcftcn     ^^^j^fffH^^n  ba^  !2ieb, 

©ie  ba^ 

Sicb? 

Scfcn  ®tc     gJStr  lefeneg  jc^t 
c^  jc^t! 

Sc^t  fmgcn  ^te  Tldohk  ift  leic^t,  nid^t  fc^trer, 

hJtr  ba^ 

2icb. 

Semen  ©tc  5llte  miiffen  bag  !2teb  ftngen! 

hjenbig ! 

SBu^s  3d&  buc^ftablcre  (spell) 

ftabieren!  iBaum  — ^  a  u  m 

treu  — t  r  e  u 

neln  —  n  e  i  n 
How  many  diphthongs  are  there  in  German? 

JOtfeajfetU    ©efunbl^ett  tft  ha^  ^oc^fte  ®ut. 

Semen:        ®efunbl)ctt  tft  beffer  al^  ^ranflielt  (sickness). 

WORD    FORMATION 

©efunbl^elt  l^eifet  gefunb  [cin» 

SSa«  f)el6t  ^ranffieit?  bie  gaul^eit? 

What  is  the  force  of  the  noun-suffix  -l^eit? 
What  is  the  gender  of  nouns  ending  in  -\)dt? 


20  beginners'   GERMAN 


Stebtc  2lufgabe 

®ctcn  Sic    SBtr  ftnb  auftnerffant, 

falT^^'       1  ift  eine  S^;  2  tft  aud^  etne  Salfil,  eine  anbere 

3,  4  unb  5  ftnb  brci  3tiW^n. 
S^Wn  Sic  t)on  ciiiig  M^  sttjijlf ! 
S^rccftcn  Sic  (aut  unb  bcutUd^!  \S 

^affcn  Sic  Q^  ga^Ie  iDeiter  bon  13  bi^  30: 

*^"f  *  brelge^n,  t)iersef)n,  fiinfje^n,  \t^^t^n,  ftebsef)n, 

ac^tgel^n,  neunse^in,  s^cin^tQ/  etnunbalDan* 
gig,  gmeiunbslDanatg,  etc.,  neununbatoanjig, 
breifeig* 

^o(fi  tin-'     ^a^  tft  genug. 

tnal,  Bittc!   3(i^jen  ^rffinelt,  nld^t  langfatn, 

^c^tung !      graulem  51,  ift  etn  9}Jctb(^en» 
9}?aj  ^,  ift  ein  ^tiabe, 

Sit^tcn  Sic  bic  ^nabtn  unb  bic  SOlabd^cn! 

^ic  ^naben  ftnb  nteine  <Sd^ix(er;  fie  gel^en  in  bie 

(Sc^ule. 
!Die  SJJcibd^en  ftnb  nteine  (Sc^iilerinnen, 
^ie  tiiele  ©(filler  ^ahc  i<^  f}kx? 
<Sie  ]f)aben  ,  .  .  l^ier.  \ 

SSte  btele  <Sd&uterinnen  ftnb  bort? 
3c§  bin  ber  ^el^rer,  nnb  grcinlein  ©ntitl^  ift  eine 

2ti)vmn, 
3<^  Ief)re  (Sie  !l)entf(^, 
SBir  finb  greunbe;  n)ir  f)alten  greunbfd^aft. 


beginners'   GERMAN  21 


^tefe^  ^u(^  tft  rot,  biej|ar5e  {ene^  ^U($e^  tft  blau» 
3?ebeg  ^u(^  f)at  (gsitejl/  unb  auf  jeber  (Seite  ftnb 

3etlen» 
3Bel(^e^  iBud^  §aben  Bit?   3ft  e^  rot,  griin  ober 

hlan? 
5Ste  Diele  SBiid^er  l^aben  @te  l&ier? 
^a^  ift  eine  leid^te  Hufgabe;  je^t  aber  erne  fd^luerc 

5(ufgabe,  feme  einfad^e, 
iSSeld^er  iD^onat  l^at  jebeg  t)ierte  3af)r  29  2:age?  — 
3c^  3af)Ie  nun  ble  3^^^^^^^ 

Se^n  fed^gtg 

Sluansig  fiebatg 

brelfetg  ad^tgig 

bier^ig  neungig 

funfgig  f)unbert  [taufenb] 

I|tt  ©ic  ha^  (^nmaUln^  fftxl 
3.  ^.  (aum  ^eifptel): 

1x8  =  8  elnmal  ac^t  ift  ad^t, 

2  X  8  =  16  stoetmal  ad^t  tft  fed^jel^n, 

3  X  8  =  24  breimal  ad^t  tft  t)ierunbstoansig,  etc., 
10  X  8  =  80  sel^nmal  ad^t  ift  ad^tgig; 

unb  fo  toeiter  (uftoO* 


Declension:  biefer,  Jener,  Jeber,  ineld^er  (mandfjer). 

Singular 

Norn.  1  .  c    ^  ..           4..  f  o  m  ^  tDeId6er  SJJonat 

Ace.    y                          '           '  hjelc^en  9D?onat 

Gen.      jeber  ©eite        biefeg  iBuc^eg  tuetd^e^  2)^onat(e)g 

Dat.      Jeber  ©eite        btefem  S3ud5(e)  toeld^em  9}Jonat(e)  ■ 

Decline:  biefer  ©driller,  }ene  (Scftiilerin,  jebe^  9}Jabd^en, 


22 

E.g. 

N.  3)ic[c)g  S8u(5  tft  rot. 

G.  !3)ic  garbc  bie[c)§  58ud^c§  ift  rot 

JD.  3n  btefcm  ^ud^  [tub  Diele  ©etten. 

A.  SSir  lefen  biefc^  53ucf)  gu  (gnbe. 

How  are  blcfer,  jener,  ieber,  melc^er  declined?    Like  what? 
What  do  you  call  them? 


2ldjte  Jlufgabe 
SC^tung !      <Sie  tnliffen  aufpaffen;  ®le  iDcrbcn  nte  etma^  lemen. 

Semen:  „mev  ^Ttifang  ift  fc^rt)er."  ®a^  ift  ein  neue§ 
®pri^h)brt  fiir  un^,  fein  alte^.  ^er  5lnfang 
ift  ba^felbe  trie  ba^  iBeQinnen. 

^txt^A      SSie  alt  finb  ®ie? 

(Sagen  ®ie:  tcft  0in  13  ^cil^re  unb  5  Wlonatt  alt 

Secret  sum  bu  6ift  13  3cxlE)re  unb  5  9}?onatc  alt; 
@*u(er:       t)U  bift  iung  unb  nid^t  alt. 

Sei^rer  unb    er  ift  13  ^al^re  unb  5  OJ^onate  alt; 
^^Jiffe:         fic  marm)  ift . .  . 

e^  {ba^  mm^n)  ift . .  • 

(Scten  ®te    SSir  fmb  fef)r  aufmerffam, 

fe^r  auf* 

mcrffam! 

Setter  sur    ti^r  feib  fcl^r  aufmcrffam* 
^kffe: 

Sel^rcr  unb    fie  fmb  aufmerffam* 
Piaffe: 

^ttc  3c^  bin  aufmerffam, 

Sufammen!   ^^  ^^ft  aufmerffam  u\tt>. 


23 

iSBie  alt  ftnb  ©te  unb  (Sic? 

ilSie  alt  felb  i!!)r  sufamtnen? 

ilBie  alt  njaren  ©ie  le^te^  3ct?)t? 

ilBie  alt  iDerben  <3ie  nd$^f  ^a^i^  fetn? 

3i5tL?stM^l:  ^^  ^^^  15  3ol)re  alt, 
bu  toarft  14  3af)re  alt, 
er  l:)trb  16  3^af)re  alt  fern, 
lt)tr  ftnb  beibe  15  Qa^xt  alt, 
tl)r  ftjart  14  3al)re  alt, 
fie  iDerben  16  3al)re  alt  fein. 

®te  ftnb  fo  alt  h)ie  er. 

©ie  ftnb  ntc^t  fo  alt  toie  er. 

(Sie  ftnb  alter  al^  er. 

@ie  ftnb  ber  ciltefte  t)on  il^nen. 

i£Ste  biele  (Sd^iiler  ftnb  l^ter  ober  ftnb  anhjefcnb? 

SKie  btele  ©driller  ftnb  nic^t  l)ter  ober  abnjcfenb? 

5lmerifa  l^at  {e^t  48  (Staaten, 

3)entfd§lanb  l)at  26  ©taaten. 

SBte  Diele  (Staaten  l^aben  5lmerifa  unb  !Deutf(^lanb 
^ufamrrten? 

„3ett  ift  ®elb,"  fo  fagt  man.  . 

S(^  ^abt  biel  3^tt,  alfo  l)abe  i^  au^  \)id  ®elb. 

S^ic^t  toalir? 

(Bnmmt       !I)a6  tft  ba^felbc  tote:  ift  ha^  rtd^tiG  (red^t)? 
ba^? 

3e^t  loollen  totr  red^nen  unb  9^ed^enaufgaben  lofen. 
SBtr  nel)men  bie  ^Ibbitton  imv\t,  bann  bie  ®ub= 
traftion,  barauf  bie  SJ^ultiplifation  unb  gulefet 
bie  !I)ibifion. 
5(bbition  an  38 

bcr  2^afel:  _,_26 

64 


24 


6  unb  8  tft  14;  id^  fc^reibc  4  f)in  unb  be{)alte  1  im 


(Sinn; 

t 

1  unb  2  ift  3  unb  3  ift  6, 

3)ie  5lnth)ort  ift  64» 

!Da^  \)ti^t  abbieren. 

•'" 

5lbbicrcn  (Sle  biefe  3ctl^ten: 

1           3 

5 

7 

9 

2           6 

9 

8 

4 

4           5 

7 

2 

1 

6           4 

3 

5 

2 

8           9 

4 

3 

5 

3um  58etfpiel: 

8+6+4+2 

+  1  = 
974 

=  21  ufm. 

- 

-518 

©uBtraf* 
tion  an  bcr 
2;afel: 

456 

8  bon  4  Qel^t  ntd^t;  ic^  borge  ein^  (3e|)ner); 

8  t)on  14  ift  6;  1  bon  6  ift  5;  5  Don  9  ift  4. 

!3)ie  ^ntti3ort  ift  456. 

^ag  fieifet  fubtra^ieren» 

!^ie  9JJultiplifation  fenncn  iDir.    SBir  l^aben  bag 

©inmaleing  gelemt  unb  fonnen  multipligieren. 

^itjifion  an  8470  ^  5  =  1694 

ber  Safcl:    5  („  g  gefit  einmal;  eg  bleiben  3  iibrig.   3^  ^ole  4 

l^erunter. 
5  in  34  gel^t  fec^gmal;  4  bleiben  ttbrig.    3^  ^oU  7 

l^erunter. 
5  in  47  ge^it  9  mal;  eg  bleiben  2.    ^(^  Sole  ^uK 

f)erunter. 
5  in  20  gef)t  4  maL 
^ie  Hntmort  ift  1694. 
!Dag  ijeifet  bibibieren. 


beginners'   GERMAN  2$ 

mtt)kl  ift:  12  X  12  +  6  4-  15  -  2  =  ? 

!Die  HnttDort  ift  8, 

3tt)olfmaI  slDoIf  ift  f)unbert  i)ierunbt)ierjig, 
144  unb  (plu^)  fed^^  ift  f)unbert  filnfstQ, 
150  (bit)ibiert)  burd^  filnfjel^n  ift  jel^n, 
10  iDeniger  (minug)  jlDei  ift  ac^t, 

©ine  beutfc^e  'matt  l^at  100  pfennig, 

©in  ^Dollar  f)at  ungefdfir  4  Tlaxt 

me  biele  ayjarf  unb  <ipfennig  finb  $42,30? 

Conjugate  the  present  of  id)  l^in,  using  adjectives  and  their 
opposites. 


E.g. 


id5  bin  fteifeiQ,  toix  finb  fro^, 

Jit)r  feib  traurig; 
[©ie  fii 


bu  bift  faul; 

cr  ift  gut, 

fie  (e«)  ift  fd^Ied^t; 


finb  grog, 
(ic  finb  !Iein. 


Where  is  the  accent  in  most  foreign  nouns,  e.g.  5Ibbition? 
SSo  ()aben  tuir  faul  unb  fro^  getcrnt? 

Note  that  hu  is  used  when  addressing  a  child  (a  relative,  a  friend) ; 
i^r  is  the  plural  of  bu; 

©ic  is  used  when  speaking  to  young  people  and  adults, 
singular  and  plural. 


26  beginners'   GERMAN 


Heunte  2lufgabe 

SBlc  biete  ^age  f)at  cine  SSoc^e? 

©Ine  SSoc^e  I)at  fteben  ^^age, 

5lIfo,  miebtele  3:age  bilben  einc  SSoc^e? 

^od^  (Siebcn  S^agc  bllben  erne  ilSod^e, 

cinmaU        SSeld^eg  ftnb  bte  SScrftage  cincr  SSod^e? 

!Dte  ilSerftage  einer  SKoc^e  finb  ♦  ♦  . 

SBie  biele  geiertage  ftnb  in  ciner  SBod^e? 

3n  einer  3So(^e  ift  ein  geiertag* 

Declension:  eine  SSoc^e,  Feminine  Singular, 

Nominative  1    ,      cm   «- 
Accusattve  J 
Genitive         einer  SSod^e 
Z)a/iz;e  einer  SSo(|e 

Decline:  eine  SBlnnte,  eine  gmc^t,  eine  ©omntergeit,  etc.,  einc 
SJJelobie,  eine  S(^%  ^i^^  ©d^nle,  eine  ^d^iilerin,  eine  2cf)xtnn,  eine 
garbe,  eine  <Seite,  eine  3^il^/  ^i^c  S^ec^enaufgabe,  eine  ^bbition,  etc., 
eine  Tlavt,  eine  §anb, 

©ieg  ift  ein  53eifpiel: 

^ne  SB  tunic  ift  fd^on* 
^ie  ^Blatter  cincr  JBlume  finb  griin. 
!Der  (Schiller  gibt  cincr  S3tumc  Staffer* 
^ie  ^el^rerin  ^at  cine  S5lumc» 

Is  there  any  difference  in  the  declension  of  einc  and  bic? 

SSie  t)iele  SO^onate  ^at  ein  3at)r? 

©in  3tt^t^  ^cit  gtDoIf  50^onate, 

ilBie  t)iele  ^[yjonate  bilben  bal)er  ein  3a|)r? 


beginners'   GERMAN  27 

Srt)olf  ¥tonatc  bilben  ein  Sd^v. 

ilBeld^e^  finb  bk  brei  ^erbftmonatc  cinc^  ^ol^reS? 

(ober:  SSie  fieifeen  ,  .  ») 
S)ie  brei  ^erbftmonate  eine6  3a]f)re^  finb  fteifeen): 

(September,  Oftober  utib  9^ot)eniber» 
iB3ie  biele  ^ci^t^e^seiten  ^iht  e^  in  ctnem  ^al^r? 
©^  gibt  bier  ^a^ire^geiten  in  einem  3at)x. 

Declension:  ein  ^ai)V,  Neuter  Singular. 
Nominative 


Accusative   J 

Genitive         eine^  3abre^ 

Dative  einem  3af)r 

Decline:  ein  ^inb,  ein  l^ieb,  ein  SSort,  ein  SSIatt,  ein  Tl^biS)tn, 
ein  grcinlein,  ein  58u(^,  ein  53eijpiel. 

All  nouns  in  d^en  and  (ein  (diminutives)  are  of  what  gender? 

^ag  iBIttttc^en  ift  ein  fleineg  matt 

SSag  ift  ein  ^lid^tein?  ein  ^inbc^en? 

What  difference  is  there  between  ha^  and  ein  in  the 
declension? 

$ier  ift  ein  ^eifpiel: 

@tn  ^inb  ift  jung, 
3)ie  (gitern  einc^  ^inbe^  finb  alt* 
3d^  gebe  einem  ^inb  bag  ^u^. 
3?(^  berftel^e  ein  ^inb  felfir  gut. 

5(ttfge)ja6t!  !Der  53ater  unb  bie  9}^utter  finb  bie  ©Item  eine^ 

^inbeg. 
^ie  (gitem  unb  (bie)  ^inber  bitben  eine  gamitie. 
3)er  53ater  ift  ein  99^ann,  aber  bie  ^utttv  ift  eine 

grau. 
!Der  iBruber  ift  ein  ^nabe,  aber  bie  ^^m\ttv  ift 

ein  Tlixb^tn. 


28 

(gin  ^tnb  tft  entmeber  ein  ^nabc,  ber  ©oJin;  ober 

cin  n)2abc§en,  bic  ^od^ter, 
SEBic  t)tele  ^riiber  unb  (Sd^meftcrn  f)aben  ©le? 
^riiber  unb  (S(^n)eftem  ftnb  ©efd^miftcr. 
!Der  ^ruber  metneg  S3ater§  ober  tneiner  Thitkt 

tft  metn  DnfeL 
^ie  ©c^mefter  mcineS  33aterg  ober  melner  9)^utter 

ift  metne  Xante. 

Observe  that  the  article,  etc.,  is  repeated  when  the  nouns  differ  in 
gender  or  in  number. 

Semen  @ie  (gl^re  je^t  bie  '^Utn, 

au^toenbig:  <j)y  ^jeibft  nic^t  etoig  ^inb; 

(Sie  loaren,  loa^  bu  bift, 

Unb  bn  ioirft,  toa^  fie  ftnb. 


getjnte  2lufgabe 

SlSte  btele  2:age  l^at  ein  3J^onat? 
(5in  ajJonat  f)at  30  ober  31  2:age, 
9^eit.ne  ben  9^amen  etne^  ^onat^  I 
5Iuguft  tft  ber  9^ame  eine^  9}?onat(e)g* 
2Bo  loaren  <Bte  ijor  etnem  SD^onat  (ago)  ? 
58or  einem  9}^onat  ioar  td^  in  ber  (Sc^ule, 
SSie  biele  3:age  bilben  etneti  Tlonat? 
30  ober  31  3:age  bilben  einen  9}^onat, 

Declension:  ein  SD^onat,  Masculine  Singular, 

Nominative  ein  9J?onat 

Genitive  eine^  90^onat(e)g 

Z)a^*'z>e  einem  SO?onat(e) 

Accusative  einen  $D?onat 


29 

Decline:  em  ^annenbaum,  etn  ©(^iiler,  eln  2tt)Xtv,  dn  Slnfonaf 
etn  ©taat,  ein  *iPfennig,  em  geiertag,  etn  iSater,  ein  Tlann,  dn 
Sruber,  ein  OnfeL 

Sum  ^eifpiel: 

9^eh)  g)orf  ift  cm  (Biaat 

^ie    !2eute  (iBetoo^ner)    cinei3    (BiaaM    J^eigcn 

JBlirger^ 
3tt  ctttcm  <Btaatt  gibt  e^  t)tele  8c^ulen» 
^te  iBurger  bilben  ctnen  ©taat*     ,  J    ^     A  M 

2M.&erftete_©e.boc^?    .  """^^  ^dt^^uu 

S3rat)  fein!   @ie  miiffen  kat)  feln,  b>  1^»  (bag  fielfet)  gut  fein. 
What  difference  in  the  declension  is  there  between 

bcr  unb  ein? 


SScttcr!        mt  btete  iSSoc^en  l^at  bag  ^alfir? 
|ic  gansc    T)ag  ^a^r  r)at  52  iSSod^en, 
^^^"^*        SSie  t)ierc  Stage  ^at  ein  3a^r? 

@in  Sal^r  l^at  365  Stage. 

SSie  biele  ^age  finb  aber  in  einent  ^^aitiaf)x? 

3n  einem  ©c^altjalfir  finb  366  ^age.    1912  ift  ein 

SBie  biete  gtunben  fiat  ein  ^ag?    (Sin  Xa^  l^at 

24  (Stunben. 
SSir  l^aben  je^t  eine  beutfc^e  ©tunbe  bon  10-11  Ul^n 
ilSie  biele  SJJinuten  l^at  eine  ©tunbe? 
(Sine  <Stunbe  l^at  60  3}?inuten. 
53on  1-2  (big  imi)  ift  eine  ©tunbe. 
33on  2-3  ift  tnieber  eine  ®tunbe,  nnb  fo  hjeiter. 
@ine  l^albe  (Stunbe  l^at  30  9}?inuten. 
@ine  33iertelftunbe  f)at  15  9D?inuten, 
©ine  SO^inute  f)at  60  ©efunben. 

mieu!    9luf2Bicberfe^en! 


30 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


€lftc  2tufgabe 

©utcn  3efet  ift  c8  9  Uf)r*    ^ie  (Sonne  f(5cint»    (g^  tft 

Smorgcn!  jett,  (g^  ift  frii^'  mx  ^aben  fe^t  ben  fril^en 
SfTorgen*  9!M4  ^^^  9[)^orGen  fomrrtt  ber  3Sor* 
mittag.  Urn  12  Uf)r  tft  e^  9}^ittaG.  SDarauf 
l^aben  iDir  ben  9^ac^mittag,  unb  bann  fommt 
ber  jibenb.  (g^  tft  abenb^  nic^t  l^eK,  fonbem 
WK  bunfel,  unb  e^  tft  nid^t  frltl^,  fonbem  fpfit.  ^te 
^ad)t  folgt;  unb  bann  inirb  e^  SD^tttemac^t. 

^er  3}?orgen  tft  ber  Dften,  unb  ber  5lbenb  tft  ber 
ilBeften.  !Der  ^^ittag  tft  ber  ©ilben,  unb  bic 
SJ^tttemac^t  ift  ber  9^orben, 

SJian  rebet  feine  greunbe  fo  an: 

©uten  mox^ml  ©uten  Xag!  ©uten  ^Ibenb! 
®ute  g^ac^t! 

^a^  ift  fiiraer  aU:  i(i)  Mnfd^e  3^nen  guten  Tlox^ 
gen  ufto* 

\gaben  ©ie  ^op\Votf)  (headache)? 
&  tut  mir  fef)r  leib,  bafe  ©ie  ^opftuel)  l^aben, 
^offentlid^  merben  (Sie  balb  n)ieber  gefunb* 

fatten  ®ie  tjor  s^ei  ^al^ren  ^eutfc^? 
92ein,  t)or  jtpei  3af)ren  f)atte  id^  fein  ^eutfc^» 
$aben  @ie  @t  sn)ei  Wflonatm  ^Deutfd^? 
^c^Dol^I,  feit  gmei  9[)^onaten  l^abc  ic^  ^eutfc^. 

Scorer  sum  bu  f)aft  feit  jtoei  9D?onaten  ^eutfc^* 
©chiller: 

Secret  unb    er  (fie,  eg)  l^at  feit  gh)ei  SD^onaten  ^eutfd^, 
Piaffe: 

SSeiter!        toir  Ifiaben  feit  ji^ei  SD^onaten  ^eutfc^, 
^taffe! 


Sraulcitt 


^err  S3.! 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  3 1 

Scoter  sur    t^r  ^abt  fett  siDel  SJ^onaten  ^eutfd^. 
Piaffe:         (g^^  fj^^g^^  je^t  ^^ei  3}?onaten  3)eutf(^, 

Sci^rcr  unb    fie  Jiaben  feit  stoei  $D?onaten  ^eutfd^. 


Conjugate  the  present  of  id^  f:\abt  in  complete  sentences. 
E.g. 

i^  fiaht  bie  er[te  Hufgabc,  h)ir  Jciben  bie  [e(5fte  ^Tufgabe, 


bu  {)aft  bie  gtDeite  Slufgabe, 


ii)v  f}aht  bie  [iebte  ^lufgabe, 
©ie  bciben  bie  adite  Hufgabe, 


'  er  bat  bie  britte  Hufgabe, 

fie  bcit  bie  bierte  2lu[gabe,  fie  baben  bie  neunte  (stoangigfte) 

e«  (bag  Wflah^tn)  'i)at  bie  Hufgabc. 

fitnfte  5lufgabe, 

Use  similarly: 

bie  grage,  bie  5lnth)ort,  bie  Seftion,  etc. 

bag  (Spiel,  bag  SSort,  bag  ^ud^,  etc. 

einen  Sebrer,  eineti  53ater,  einen  geiertag,  etc. 

Is  there  a  special  progressive  or  emphatic  verbal  form  in 
German? 

Does  the  present  replace  the  future  and  the  perfect  at 
times? 

What  is  the  difference  in  the  use  of  abet  and  fonbcttl? 

Does  fonbcrn  mean  "but  on  the  contrary"?    Illustrate. 

E.g. 

^g  ift  friib,  abcr  eg  ift  bunfel. 

^g  ift  nic^t  friib,  f onbern  eg  ift  fptit. 


32 


gtpolfte  ^ufgabe 

Hufraffen!    !^a6  ift  eine  Ul^r*    !Dte  U^r  tft  runb,  fie  ift  nld^t 
eclifi* 

3etgen  (Bit  m§  alien  bte  Ulftr  in  ber  ^kffc! 

!Die  ^Iaffenuf)r  f)at  gtrei  <3^i9^^»  ®in  B^iQ^i^  tft 
filr  bie  (Stunben,  bcr  anberc  fiir  bie  9}iinuten. 

SBiebiel  U^r  ift  e^  jefet? 

©^  ift  Qegen  se^n  U^r,    3ft  eg  frli^  ober  fpcit? 

3n  fiinf  SJ^inuten  ift  eg  fiinf  9}iinuten  nad&  10, 

3n  15  ar^inuten  ift  eg  ein  53iertel  nac^  10  (ill). 

3n  30  9}?inuten  ift  eg  ^alb  elf, 

3n  45  $minuten  ift  eg  ein  3SierteI  bor  11  (fll), 

3n  50  9[^inuten  ift  eg  sef)n  9}^inuten  Dor  11,  etc. 

^unft  ^alh  brei  ift  unfere  (Seville  aug. 

Urn  iDiebiel  Ui)v  Qti)tn  (Bit  abenbg  ju  iSdl2 

ilSann  ftel^en  @ie  morgeng  auf? 

3c^  ftef)e  urn  fieben  UffX  auf. 

Urn  njieDiel  Ul^r  gelfien  (Sie  am  ©onntag  in  bie 
^ird^e? 

$aben  (Sie  gu  §aufe  eine  Ul^r?  — 

SSiebiel  ift  f  t)on  100? 

i  t)on  100  =  20,  i  t)on  100  =  40,  f  t)on  100  =  60, 

i  t)on  120  =  20,  20  X  6  =  120, 

I  (smei  ^Drittel)  t)on  1800  =  1200;  i  t)on  1800  = 

600,  f  finb  1200;  ufm. 

Semen  ©ie  3(^  fann  ftef)en, 

SSenn  id^  milbe  bin, 
I^ege  id&  ntic^  ]f)in. 


33 

<Binb  (Ste  tniibe  unb  nid)t  frifc^? 
^ag  ift  fd^abe.    ^§  tut  mir  leib,  bag  (Bk  milbe 
ftnb! 

Piaffe!         (Ste  milffen  Qerabe  ft^cn,  nte  frumm! 

©crabc  ift  fo  biel  h)le  au\vtd)t    ^onnen  (Bit  nid^t 

gerabe  ft^en?— 
'^d)mtn  Bk  S^l^re  2:afc§enu]^r,  unb  fagen  <Bk 

mir,  toie  tiiele  3^^9^^  ^i^^  ^^afc^enulfir  l^atl 
iffiofiir  ift  ber  britte  3^i9^^? 
iESa^  jeigt  biefer  3^tger  (an)  ? 
3ft  eine  ^^^afc^enul^r  birf  ober  blinn? 
SSie  ift  eine  SBanbufir? 
Unfcre  ^laffenulfir  ift  eine  SSanbufir,  toeil  fie  an 

ber  SSanb  ficingt. 
(Sine  ^afd^enul^r  ift  eine  Ul^r  fiir  bie  Xafd^e. 

Take  a  railroad  time-table  and  have  the  pupils  read  the 
various  trains  as  to  their  leaving  and  arriving! 

Railroad  j^eifet  auf  beutfd^  bie  ^ifenbal^n;  train 

l^eifet  auf  beutfc^  ber  Sm* 
3*  ^*  3)er  erfte  Sm  ^^^4  ^roofli^n  gel^t  urn  6 

]Xt)V  t)on  9^en)  2)orf  ab;  ber  ^toeite  Sm  ^^(^^ 

^roo!lt)n  %ti)t  urn  6:15  l3on  5^em  2)orf  ab,  etc. 
SSann  fommt  ber  erfte  Sm  in  9^en3  g)orf  an?  etc. 
5D^it  tDelc^em  Sm  rtjerben  @ie  fal^ren? 
S^c^.lnerbe  mit  bem  le^ten  3^9  faf)ren.    @^  ift 

mir  einerlei  (e^  mac^t  mir  nid^t^  au§),  tnenn 

id^  fpat  nad^  ^aufe  fomme* 

^ai§  ini       SBa§  Ifieigt  bag  auf  englif(^?    Uberfe^en  Bk  ben 
nic^t^  t  (g(j^  t^g  gnglif d^e !  —  SSorte  bilben  einen  Bai^. 


34 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


Q^  tocrbc  ntorgcn  ben  3ug  nel^men; 
bu  ttJtrft  tnorgen  ben  Sm  nel^men; 


Scorer: 

Scorer  unb        ^.  .  c      ^         r 

tlaffc:         ^^  ^^^^  tnorgen  ben  S^^  nel^men; 

tdxv  njerbcn  morgen  ben  Sm  nel^men; 
I  if)r  hjcrbct  morgen  ben  Sm  nef)men; 
[  ©ie  njerben  morgen  ben  3ug  nef)men; 
fie  njerbcn  morgen  ben  3^9  nel^men* 


rcn  @ic: 


td§  h)erbe  bag  ^ieb  fingen, 

id^  toerbe  ben  Bai^  fpred^en, 

x<i)  toerbe  bte  5lnfgabe  temen, 

td^  tDerbe  in  bie  ^ird^e  gel^en, 

id^  iDerbe  etnen  frol^en  (^onntag  l^aben, 

td^  toerbe  baranf  tcetten, 

iESo  5aben  mir  barauf  tcettcn  nnb  frozen  <Bomiaq 


SSeiter! 


I)rct3cljnte  2tufgabe 

iESie  t)iele  ^ippen  l^aben  h)tr? 

SSir  f)aben  stuei  Si|j)jcn,  bie  Unterlippe  unb  bie 

Dberlippe, 
Sinb  bie  ^ippen  rot  ober  blau  ober  griin? 
^ie  Si^^en  finb  tot 
SSeld^eg  ift  bie  gar  be  ber  ^ippen? 
^ie  garbe  ber  2xpptn  ift  rot 
SBa^  tun  toir  mit  ben  ^ippen? 
3)?it  ben  Si^^jen  pfeifen  n)ir, 

SSie  biele  JJinger  Iiaben  toiv? 
SIBir  l^aben  ^elfin  ginger  aufammen*    ^a^  ift  ber 
fleine  ginger! 


beginners'   GERMAN  35 

(Sinb  bie  ginger  bicf  ober  bllnn? 

^ic  ginger  fitib  bixnn. 

iffielcfie^  ift  hk  gorm  ber  ginger? 

!Die  gorm  ber  ginger  ift  runb,  nic^t  e(ftg* 

SBa6  tut  man  mit  ben  gingem? 

SD^it  ben  gingem  fill^tt  man. 

Stci^tung!      SBie  biele  S<i^^^  ^ciben  ©ie?    ©er  Sc^^^  ift  fpife 
nnb  fd^arf,  nic^t  ftumpf. 
SSir  ]f)akn  stDeiunbbreifeig  3fi8ti^» 
iESie  finb  bie  386«c,  fd^arf  ober  ftumpf? 
ilBa6  ift  bie  Hufgabe  ber  Ba^ne? 
!Die  5lufga6e  ber  S'^^^^  ift  su  beifeen  unb  p  fauen* 
SSa^,  tun  tviv  mit  ben  ^fi^nen? 
Tilt  ben  S^^nen  beifeen  unb  fauen  tnir. 

5(ufge^afit!  Wit  93?anner,  grauen  unb  ^inber  ^laben  jtoci 

%VLQtn. 
Tilt  beifSlugen  fel^en  mir.    SSir  atle  l^aben  aud^ 

S^ei  Dl^ren. 
Tlit  ben  £)l^ren  l^oren  tt)ir.    !Da§  Huge  unb  ba^ 

£)^x  finb  nu^ic^. 
SKir  l^aben  eine  92afe.    $l^it  ber  5^afe  riec^t  man. 
T)k  Hugen,  bie  €>l^ren  unb  bie  92afe  finb  im  (^t^ 

fi*t 
!D^it  ben  sefin  gingem  an  ben  gnjei  ^cinben  fiifilen 

tDtr. 
!^ieg  ift  bie  red^te  $anb,  unb  ba^  ift  bie  linfe 

§anb. 
Wftit  ber  §anb  fd^reiben  toir. 
SBir  ]f)aben  aud^  s^ei  iBeine  unb  ^toei  giifee. 
Tlit  ben  ^einen  unb  giifeen  ge{)en  mir.    !Da^  ift 

ha^  red^te  ^ein,  unb  bie^  ift  ber  linfe  gug* 


36 


^ix  lecfcn  ble  ^tppen  mit  bcr  gunge^ 

9)?lt  betn  SO^unbe  (mit  ber  (Stmtme)  fprec^en  tx)ir, 

iJSir  f)aben  aud)  gmet  Hrme,    3)er  5lrm  ift  ba6 

gJiil^.pber  ein  ©lieb. 
!Dte  Hrmc  unb  bie  ^elne  finb  ©lieber* 
Hlle  ©tieber  bilben  ben  ^orper. 
ilBtr  l^aben  aud^  einen  gopf«    5luf  bem  ^opf  ftnb 

biele  Smct. 
^a6  ^aar  f)at  biele  Jarben* 
2(uf  bem  ^opfe  trn^ett  tDir  einen  §ut, 
5ln  ben  giifeen  tragen  )Dir  ©triimpfe  nnb  (Sd^ul^c* 
SDer  <Sc^u]^  ift  bicf,  aber  ber  (Stmmpf  ift  bUm 

Declension  in  the  Plural  (bie  2ippt,  ber  ginger,  ber  S^tin). 
Norn,     bie  gippen  bie  ginger  bie  B^^i^^ 


Gen. 

ber  !2ippen 

ber  ginger 

ber  S&W 

Dat. 

ben  !2ippen 

ben  gingem 

ben  ^ttftnen 

Ace, 

bie  Sippen 

bie  ginger 

bit  3(ijnc 

Decline  in  the  plural  like  bie  Stppc  in  complete  sentences: 
bie  5lufgabe,  bie  gran,  bie  ?ef)rerin,  bie  ^ukxin,  bie  SSoc^e,  bie 
33Iume,  bie  ®c§nle,  bie  ^ird^e,  bie  garbe,  bie  Vii)x,  bie  9^afe,  bie 
<3unge.    ' 

Of  what  gender  are  these  nouns? 

Are  their  stem-vowels  a,  0,  n  ever  modified  (Umlaut)  in 
the  plural? 

How  are  masculine  nouns  ending  in  -C  inflected?  E.g.  ber 
^nabe. 

The  -(e)n  declension  is  called  the  weak  declension  of 
nouns. 

All  other  nouns  that  do  not  take  the  ending  -(e)n  in  the 
plural  (or  in  the  genitive  singular)  are  said  to  follow  the 
strong  declension. 


37 

Decline  in  the  plural  like  bcr  f^itigcr: 

(a)  ber  ^orper,  ber  SSinter,  ber  ©ommer,  ber  ©driller,  ber 

gefirer,  ber  £)nfel;  ba^  9}Jabc^en,  ba;^  grftulein; 

(b)  with  Umlaut  (tt,  o,  il): 

ber  3Sater,  ber  53ruber,  ber  Garten; 
bic  SJhitter  and  bic  Xo(3i)ttx* 

Do  these  nouns  take  an  additional  ending  to  form  the 
plural? 

What  did  you  notice  about  the  dative  plural  of  all  nouns? 

How  many  feminine  nouns  are  in  this  class? 

What  are  the  nominative  singular  endings  of  all  these 
nouns? 

Decline  in  the  plural  like  bcr  S^^^* 
(a)  without  Umlaut: 

ber  Hrm,  ber  (B^u'i),  (ber  greunb),  ber  2^ag; 

\>a^  3a()r;  ba^  <SpieI,  ha^  iBein* 

(jb)  with  Umlaut  (bie  S^^^&* 

ber  @o()n,  ber  gufe,  ber  ^opf,.ber  ^ut,  ber  ©trumpf; 
bie  §anb,  bie  ^a^t,  bie  SKdnb,  bie  Suft, 

Most  of  the  nouns  that  take  the  ending  -c  in  the  nomina- 
tive plural  are  of  what  gender? 

Are  the  nominative,  genitive,  and  accusative  plural 
always  the  same  with  any  noun? 

Do  English  nouns  ever  form  the  plural  by  Umiaut?  Illus- 
trate. 

Give  the  principal  parts  of  nouns  as  follows:  bie  !2ippe,  ber 
;2lppe,  bie  ^ippen;  ber  ginger,  be^  i^inger^,  bie  ginger,  etc. 


38  beginners'   GERMAN 


t)ier5eljnte  2lufgabe 

Sluf^affcn!    me  l^cifeen  biefc  belben  ^Inber? 

^ie  ^inbcr  fieifeen  ^an^  unb  grilj* 

SSeld^e^  finb  bie  ^^amen  ber  ^inber?  ' 

!Die  Seamen  bcr  ^inbcr  finb  ^an^  unb  gri^. 

iEBcr  fte{)t  bet  ben  ^inbem? 

!Der  ^el^rer  ftef)t  bei  ben  ^tnbetn* 

SBer  ftel^t  unb  l^ort  bie  ^inber? 

SSir  fef)en  unb  l^oren  bie  ^inber. 

Declension  of  t>a^  ^inb  in  the  Plural. 


Nominative 

bie  ^inber 

Genitive 

ber  ^inber 

Dative 

ben  ^inbern 

Accusative 

bie  ^inber 

Decline  in  the  plural  like  ha^  ^inb  in  complete  sentences: 
ha^  2kb,  ba^  @Iieb;  ba6  i8u($,  bag  ^latt,  ba8  ©prid^toort  (bie 
iBild^er,  etc.) ;  ber  9Wann. 

What  is  the  gender  of  most  nouns  taking  -er  in  the  nom- 
inative plural? 

Are  the  stem-vowels  a,  o,  u  always  modified  in  the  plural 
of  these  nouns? 

NOTE 

!^iefe«  tinb  ift  ein  ^nabe. 
^er  ^nabe  beifet  ^axl 
!Der  9^ame  be^  tnabcn  ift  ^axl 
3(5  gebe  bem  ^naben  ein  ^ud^. 
SSir  feben  ben  ^naben  oft. 
^iefe  ^naben  finb  nteine  ©dottier. 


39 

In  what  way  do  the  masculine  nouns  of  the  weak  declen- 
sion differ  from  the  feminine  nouns? 

Stc^tutig!      ^ie  ^oxmtx  tvxt^  ©taatCig  ftnb  btc  ^iirger* 

^ic  ©taatcn  9^eh)  g)orf  unb  9^em  ^erfei)  (legen  tm 

Often  t)on  ^Imerlfa, 
!Die  garbe  bc^  3(«gc)^  tft  oft  blau, 
^ic  5(ugen  finb  im  ©eftd^t* 
!Die  ^lufgabe  be^  Oi&rc^  tft  ju  l^orcn* 
3Bir  l^aben  stuei  D^rcn* 

Why  should  these  three  nouns  be  said  to  follow  the  so- 
called  mixed  declension?  (ber  ©taat,  'ta^  5lugc,  ba^  £)f)r)» 


^anfseljnte  2lufgabe 

(Review) 

Classify  all  nouns  into : 
A.     The  -n  class  (Weak  declension.    No  Umlaut). 

(1)  the  iV«-ending  class  1  (Strong 

(2)  the    -C  class  I       d    I      '     ^ 

(3)  the    -cr  class  (always  Umlaut)  J 

-(c)^  genitive  singular;  -(c)n  nominative  plural  (Mixed 
declension). 

S[Sieber!)oIung  ber  ganjen  ^eflination  ber  ^aupt- 

tDorter  munblid^  unb  f (firif tlid^ ! 
3Barum  f)ei6en  Nouns  auf  beutfd^  ^aupttDorter? 

S»  58,  i(^  l^abe  pid  ^ippen, 
bu  f)aft  sef)n  ginger, 
er  f)at  32  Bfi^tte, 


B. 


40 


fie  (ee)  {)at  t)ter  53iid^er; 
h3ir  t)aben  fiitif  ?el)rerlnnen, 
tl^r  'i)abt  fed^S  Sefirer, 

.  fie  l^aben  ftarfe  ©Ileber* 

gemanbein  @ie  (Change)  ben  (Singular  in  hen 
plural  in  biefen  ©ii^en  (bie  ©injaf)!  in  bie 
3^ef)rsaW: 

id^  ]f)a5e  eine  9^afe, 
bu  l^aft  einen  ^ruber, 
er  l^at  einen  ^opf, 
fie  (e§)  ]()at  ein  ^kb. 

3*  ^*  2Bir  l^aben  (gtoei  9lafen)  9lafen  ufm, 

®ibt  eg  einen  "ipiurar  t)on  „ein,  eine,  ein"? 


Tlan  farm  folgenben  *^lural  gebraud^en: 

Nominative  einige 

Genitive  einiger 

Dative  einigen 

Accusative  einige 

5Beantn)orten  Bk  bie  folgenben  gragcn: 

i^omit  fel^en  toir? 
SKomit  l^oren  tdix? 
SSomit  ri-ed^en  tt)ir? 
iESomit  fiil^Ien  toir? 
SBomit  J(f)jrietfen  mir ? 
SBomit  gelfien  tnir? 
SBomit  fprec^en  iDir? 
SSomit  beifeen  h)ir? 
SBontit  fd^reiben  toir? 


ttjenbifl: 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN  4I 

iSSelc^e^  ift  bie  garbe  ober  bie  gorm  ober  bie  3<iW 
ber  ^tppen? 
ber  ginger? 
ber  3^^^^? 
ber  m^tx? 

Semen  ®ie  9D^it  ben  5(ngen  fann  tc^  fel^en, 
^itJt^^'      "^^^  ^^^  Siifeen  fann  tc^  ge^en, 

Mil  ben  ^cinben  fann  ic^  greifen, 

Tlit  bem  SD^unbe  fann  td^  pfeifen; 

SD^lt  ben  Dl^ren  fann  id)  l^oren 

®nte  ©priid^e,  Icelfe  ^ef)ren, 

©retfen  fiet^t  fll^Ien,  l^alten, 

!Der  9}Junb  ift  mnb,  toenn  man  pfeift 

!Der  (S)3mc^  fommt  Don  fpred^en* 

Supply  the  missing  endings  or  words  in :  3^X1- 
^nabe  f)at  ein-  runben  ^opf  mit  ein-  furgen 
^aU  (ber  ^al^,  neck),  ©r  l^at  ein-  red^ten 
5lnn  nnb  ein-  linfen  5lrm,  and^  —  red^te^ 
iBein  nnb  —  linfe^  iBein.  (gr  l)at  gJt)ei  §anbe 
mit  sefin  — .  @r  f)at  strei  blane  — ,  gtuei  gnte 
£) — ,  ein-  fleine  91 —  nnb  fd^one  S — ♦ 

What  case  do  these  prepositions  always 
govern: 

tntt,  nad^,  Bet, 
ton,  5U,  an§, 
'  7^t  iinb  anfter?    Illustrate. 
E.g. 
SKir  gel^en  nadd  bem  SSeften  gu  nnferen  greunben* 


42  BEGINNERS*   GERMAN 


Scdjsetjnte  2lufgabe 

mttn         mWv  XaQ  tft  l^eute? 

^orgen!      ^^i^^^  'Saturn  ift  f)eute? 

c^  3?ncn?    ^^"^^  ^f^  ^onner^tag,  bcr  23,  9^oDember  1911< 

SSie  bcfin=    ^er  mict)ie(te  ift  i)cute? 

ben  ®ie  M? 

@<jrc(ftcn      ^er  breiuubstoansigfte  5^ot)ember, 

©ie  beutlic^tsy^ejijien  eie  bag  ^eutige  'Saturn  nod^  etnmal! 

SBeld^eg  !Datum  h)ar  geftern? 

SBeld^eg  Saturn  tt)irb  tnorgen  fein? 

SSelc^cg  !Datum  ^aben  n)ir  Ifieute? 

§eute  l^aben  mir  ben  breiunbsrt)an3igften  9^ob,  1911, 

SBeld^c^  !I)atum  l^atten  mir  geftem  [gel)abt]? 

SSeld^eg  Saturn  toerben  mir  morgen  l^aben?  etc. 

SBann  tft  S^v  ©eburt^tag? 

SD^ein  ©eburt^tag  tft  am  jel^ntcn  ^ctnuar, 

Hn  tDeld^etn  3;:age  fiaben  (Ste  36^en  ©eburt^tag? 

iCSann  tft  SSaff)tngtong  ©eburt^tag? 

SSann  tft  ^tncoto  ©eburt^tag? 

@cben  ®te  hk  rtc^ttge  Hntmort  tn  bret  ©tt^en 
(bcr,  ben,  am)! 

SSann  begtnnt  ber  ^tnter? 

iESann  begtnnt  ber  griibltng?  ufm, 

SSann  tft  SBetfinad^ten? 

5In  irelc^em  2:age  tft  ^^eujal^r? 

9}^an  miinfd^t  fetnen  greunben  „®Iu(fIt(^e6  9^en* 
jal^r"  ober  ^'iProftt  ^^eujal^r"  nnb  „5rof)Itc5e 
iE3etf)nac^ten»" 

ilBer(5er  ^ag  tft  bcr  9?attonaIfetertag  tn  Hmertfa? 

SBeld^er  XaQ  tft  ber  ^^lattonalfetertag  tn  3)eutfc^* 
lanb?   (©ebangtag,  ber  2,  @ept.  (1870)), 


beginners'   GERMAN  43 

iSSann  f)aben  ©ie  fret,  ober  tdann  Ifiaben  (Sie  gerien? 
©eben  (Sle,  bitte,  ba^  genaue  !Datum  an! 

NOTE 

PRETERIT  PRESENT  FUTURE 

geftcm  .  ()eute  morgen 

tuar  ift  toirb  (    )  fein 

9JJittrt)od^,  3)onnergtag,  S^^eitag, 

ber  22,  ^ot).  1911,  ber  23.  9^ot).  1911,  ber  24.  9^oD.  (fein). 

©cftem  ^eute  TloxQtn 

flatten  tDir  (    )  [gefiabt]  f)aben  mir  tDerbenh)ir(  )f)aben 

9}?ittti30(^,  !Donner^tag,  S^^ttag, 

ben22.9^ot).1911[gebabt].  ben23.9^ot).  1911.  ben24.9^ot).(i)aben). 

Where  are  infinitives  and  (perfect)  past  participles  placed 
in  German?    Illustrate.    Are  they  inflected  as  verbal  forms? 


5teb3ctjnte  2lufgabe 

SlufQc^jaftt!  SS^ix  tnoltcn  ein  neue^  ©ebid^t  lemen: 

^ie  Sorclct 

(Sin  ©ebtd^t,  ha^  man  ftngen  fonn,  l^eigt  ein  !2ieb. 

3c^  toerbe  bie  erfte  ©tropl^e  be^  ^i^iebe^  longfant 

borfpred^en,  fo  ha^  <Sie  nxic^  berftel^en  fonneri: 

3c6  tceife  ntc^t,  \oa^  foil  e^  bebenten, 

!Da6  i(^  fotraurig  bin; 

(Sin  5[)^ar(|en  an^  alten  3^tten, 

^a^  fommt  mir  nid^t  an^  bem  (Sinn, 

!3)te  guft  ift  m^I,  unb  e^  bunMt, 

Unb  mf)ig  fliefet  ber  D^^ein; 

!Der  ©ipfel  bee  iBerge^  funfelt 

3?m  5Ibenbfonnenfc^ein, 


44  beginners'   GERMAN 

SBeld^e  SBorter  fennen  (Sie,  unb  h)o  ftnb  fie  bor* 

Qefommen? 
SBeld^e  iESorter  fennen  (Sle  nid^t? 
!Die  SBorter:  bebeuten,  ba^  9}?ar(^en,  ru!)iG,  ber 

©ipfel,  ber  iBerg,  funfelt, 
SBebeuten  f)ei6t  fo  t)lel  iDie:  fagen,  l^eifeen* 
Man  fagt:  SSa^  foil  ba^  bebeuten,  ober  iDa^  foil 

ba^  l^eifeen?    iCSag  loollen  ©ie  bamit  fagen? 
©in  5D2arc^en  ift  eine  ©efd^ic^te,  eine  Segenbe, 
D^u^ig  bebeutet  ftill 
©ie  !0orelei  fi^t  auf  einem  iBerg  (cf.  English: 

ice-berg) . 
!Der  ©ipfel  bt§  ^erge^  ift:  l^od^  oben  auf  bem  53erge» 
^er  gufe  be^  iBerge^  ift:  unten  am  (an  bem)  ^erge. 
(g^  funfelt  l^eifet:  e§  fd^eint,  eg  gli^ert,  eg  bli^t, 
i£3ag  ift  bag  ©egenteil  Don:  traurig? 
SBo  I)aben  (Sie  eg  gelemt? 
SSag  fonnen  ®ie  filr  „eg  bunfelt"  fagen? 
3)er  ^l^ein  fliefet  rul)ig.     @r  ift  ein  glufe,  ein 

(Btrom, 
^er  93^iffiffippi  ift  aud^  ein  glufe,  aber  er  fliefet 

fc^nelL 
S5erftel)en  ^it  iefet  alleg? 
©e^en  ^k  bie  le^ten  stoei  3^^^^^  ^^^  i^orelei  in 

ben  *!|3IuraI! 
3e^t  tDoIIen  toir  ba^  ^kb,  bie  Lorelei,  ober  bie  erfte 

©tropl^e  beg  Siebeg  ftngen! 
ilBie  Diele  ^ieber  l^aben  mir  fc^on  augtoenbig  ge* 

lemt? 
©ingen  Bk  O  ^annenbaum  no(^  einmal! 

^iftat!        S^  tDerbe  3I)nen  bie  erfte  Gtropl^e  beg  neuen  !Oie* 
beg  biftieren! 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN  45 

5(ti^tunfl!  $emri(^  ^eine  fiat  ha^  fd^one  2kb,  bte  Lorelei, 
gefc^rieben  ober  Qebic^tet.  dx  i\t  ber  3)i(^ter 
be^  fd^onen  ©ebtc^te^,  ^einric^  §eine  tDurbe 
im  3^af)re  1797  geboren  unb  ift  tm  ^al^re  1856 
geftorben,  @r  lebte  alfo  bon  1797  bi^  1856  unb 
njurbe  faft  59  3af)re  alt*  ^ie  Lorelei  t[t  etn§ 
feiner  fd^onften  unb  beften  ©ebic^te.  ^^  ift 
fd^oner  unb  be[fer  aU  t)lele  feiner  Sieber, 

gragcn  unb  %nttoovicn 

S*  ^»  ^er  f)at  bie  Lorelei  gebid^tet?  uftD. 

NOTE 

er  i)at  ha^  ©ebic^t  gebid^tet,  aber 
er  ift  im  ^a^vc  1856  geftorben. 

What  kind  of  verb  is  birf|ten?    And  fterfien? 

Are  they  both  transitive  verbs?    Note  auxiliaries. 

Where  is  the  negative  nicf|t  placed? 


^Id^tjctjnte  2lufgabe 

©eten  ®ie    §eute  Inerben  n)ir  ba^  2kb,  bie  Sorelei,  beenb^iL_^- 
aufmerf=  ^^^r  beenbigen! 

S<^  tDerbe  S^ntn  ba^  SD^drd^en  bon  ber  Lorelei  er- 

jogen. 
^Beenbigen  fommt  i)on  @nbe»    58eenbigung  l^eifet 

ettoa^  beenbigen, 
(@r)sa^Ien  fommt  bon  S^^^     (Sr^al^tung  l^eigt 

etrtia^  erja^Ien* 
^a^  ift  bie  SSieber^oIung? 

Sttfo:  ^k  Lorelei  ift  nac^  ber  l^egenbe  ein  fd^one^  Wixb- 

d^en  mit  golbnem  ^aar»     ©ie  ft^t  oben  auf 


46 


BEGINNERS^  GERMAN 


5fufmcrf* 
fam  fcitil 


einem  33ergc  am  ^^dn.  Untcn  flicfet  ber  glug 
fe^r  ftarf  smifd^en  l^ofien  gelfen  (rocks).  T)k 
Sorelel  f)at  bli^enbe  3uh)e(en  unb  I)at  einen  gol* 
bcnen  ^amm  in  ber  ^anb,  ^omit  fie  i^r  golb^ 
ne§  §aar  fammt,  ®ie  fingt  ein  munberDoIIe^ 
i^ieb  tnit  rrtcid^tiger  5D?eIobie»  (Sin  (Sd^iffer  in 
feinem  fleinen  (Sc^iffe,  in  einem  (Sd^iffc^en,  l^ort 
ha^  ^kb  unb  fieJit  ju  ber  fc^onen  Lorelei  empor 
(l^inauf),  (Sr  \id)t  nur  fie  altein  an,  unb  fo  ger- 
fc^ellt  (serbrid^t)  fein  ^oot  an  bem  gelfen,  ©o 
ftirbt  ber  (Sd^iffer  in  ben  ilBellen  be^  ^l^ein^* 

!Die  stceite  ©tropl^e  bon  ^ie  St>relei  lautet: 

!Die  fd^onfte  ^ungfrau  fi^et 
^oxt  oben  n)unberbar, 
3]^r  QoIbneS  ©efd^meibe  bli^et, 
®ie  fcimmt  if)v  golbene^  ^aav. 
©ie  l^ammt  e^  mit  golbenem  ^amme 
Unb  fingt  ein  2kh  babei, 
^a^  ^at  dm  munberfame, 
©emaltige  Tldobd. 


iESag  fonnen  ^k  ftatt  bte  friftdnfte  ^wngfrau  fagen? 
SBa^  fonnen  (Sie  ftatt  t^r  goIbne^@efrf|meibc  fagen? 
^a^  fonnen  (Sie  ftatt  ibli^et  fagen? 
iffia^  fonnen  ©ie  ftatt  gchjaltige  SJlelobei  fagen? 
(Singen  ®ie  bie  ^toeite  @tropf)e! 

5((^tttttg !      !Die  britte  unb  le^te  (Strop!)e  lautet  fo: 

^en  ©d^iffer  im  fleinen  ©d^iffe 
(Srgreift  e^  mit  toilbem  SBel^; 
(Sr  fd^aut  nid^t  bie  gelfenriffe, 
Sr  f(^aut  nur  l^inauf  in  bie  §o§. 


beginners'   GERMAN  47 

3^  gtaube,  bit  SSellen  berfd^Iingen 
$(m  @nbe  (Sd^iffer  unb  ^al^n; 
Unb  ba^  ^at  mtt  i^rem  (^ingen 
!^ie  i^orelei  getan, 

^er  (Sd^iffer  l^at  alfo  (Sefinfud^t  (longing). 

(gr  f(^aut  ift  fo  btel  mie? 

5C3a^  fonnen  (Sie  fagen  anftatt:  bie  ^tUtn  ber* 

fd^Itngen  am  Snbe  ©c^iffer  unb  ^ai)n? 
iE3e^^alb  ftirbt  ber  ©d^iffer? 
©ingen  (©te  bie  le^te  (Stropf)e  ber  Sorclet! 

Piaffe!        Unfere  5lufgabe  flir  morgcn  ift: 

3)ie  2ovdd  ganj  augh)enbig  ju  lemen  unb  fd^reibcn 
3U  fonnen. 


neun3eljnte  ^lufgabe 

Slt^tung!      5E3ag  l^aben  (©ie  ba  liegen? 
3)a6  ift  ein  ^u^. 
^3ft  e^  S^x  S8ud&? 
3^a,  e^  ift  mein  ^ud^. 
3ft  e6  ein  §eft? 

9^ein,  eg  ift  fein  ^eft,  fonbem  ein  53ud^, 
3d^  fel^e  l^ier  aud^  ein  ^ilb,  unb  bort  finb  fed^g 

genfter, 
^aS  papier  barf  aber  nid^t  {)erumliegen! 

^crr  ^A      (Stel^en  ©ie  auf ! 

(Sagen  ©ie:  id^  ftelfie  auf. 
(Bk  finb  grog,  be^l^alb  fage  id^:  ^tel^en  (Ste  auf! 
3u  einem  ^inbe  fage  id&:  fte^e)  auf! 

3u  ^inbem  fage  id^:  ftel^t  auf! 


43 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


^tf)mtn  <Bit,  bitte,  3f)r  i8uc^I 

3d^  net)me  ntcin  Sud^» 

fiffncn  ©ie  3^^r^uc&,  ober  madden  (Sie  3^t  ^uc^ 

auf! 
3d^  offne  mem  33u(5  ober  mad^e  mein  ^ud^  auf, 
©d^Iiefeen  ©ie  je^t  3f)r  iBuc^,  ober  madden  ®ie  3&t: 

i8ud&  su! 
Q^  fd^Itefee  je^t  tnetn  53ud^  ober  mad^e  tnein  ^ud^ 

J^egen  (Ste  3]^r  53ud^  l^tn  ober  loeg! 
3^  lege  metn  ^ud^  f)m, 
(Se^en  ©le  ftd^!    (^leiben  ©ie  ftel^en!) 
(Sie  miiffen  fagen:  id^  fe^e  tnid^, 

!Dag  toar  ntd^t  libel,  ba^  tear  gut!    S^  mufe  ©ic 
loben  (praise)! 

3ft  3f)v  m^  griin,  hlau  ober  rot? 
^*'  aj^ein  ^ud^  tft  rot, 

iESelc^e^  ift  bie  garbe  3^re«  SBud^e^? 
^le  garbe  metne^  iBud^e^  ift  rot, 
@inb  t)iele  (Seiten  in  ^l^rem  ^ud^(e)? 
3art)o{)l,  in  meinem  ^ud^  finb  oiele  ©eiten, 
3eigen  (Sie  mir  S^v  ^ud^! 
3^  h^iQ^  S6«cn  mein  ^ud^, 

^xdnUin      ©ie  l^aben  ein  fd^one^  ^leib  an,    SSeld^e  garbe  l^at 
^^^  3^v  mdb? 

^a§  toax     3n  ein  paar  ©tunben  mug  e^  beffer  ge^en! 
nic^t^! 

(^§  ift  nid^t  toie  unaufmerffam  (Sie  fein  fonneni 
5U  glaubeti, 

2(uf|jaffen!   i(^  offnc  mein  iBud^, 


f(^i)n! 
Sraulein 


49 
Seftrcr:  bu  offneft  bein  58ud^, 

Scorer  utib     [  er  offnet  fein  58ud^, 
Piaffe:  f{e  offnet  i^r  i8u*, 

I  e^  offnet  fein  ^nc^; 
toir  offnen  nnfere  iBiid^er, 
f  if)r  offnet  eure  iBltd^er, 
I  (Sie  offnen  Q^xt  ^Bud^er, 
fie  offnen  U)vt  iBiic^er* 

^onjugtc^     t(^  fc^Iiefee  mein  genfter; 

ren  ®ie  allc  t^o^  n^ad^e  mein  §eft  nic^t  anf. 

Sufammen:   ^ege  ic^  mein 'ipapier  {)in? 
3(^  l^abe  mein  ^(eib  an; 

ic^  fteKe  mein  ^ilb  nic^t  toeg  (ftelten  l^eifet  tegen), 
(Sc^reiben  ®ie  biefe  ^onjugationen  p  $anfe! 

^0^  3c^  lege  je^t  mein  ^ud^  l^in! 

cinmal!        5353^^.  j^gt  jefet  fein  iBud^  ^in? 

iSSa^  legft  bn  je^t  f)in? 

SBol^in  legt  if)r  {e^t  eure  ^ixd^er? 

SBann  legen  ©ie  S^vt  ^iid^er  {)in? 

iSSie  )Derben  fein  nnb  mein,  bein,  fein,  nnfer,  cucr, 
t^r  befliniert? 

SKarum  nennt  man  fie  ©in^SSorter? 

SBeld^e^  finb  bk  (gnbungen  be^  $rafen^? 

NOTE 

Can  an  adverb  separate  the  inflected  form  of  the  predicate 
from  its  subject  in  German? 
Is  it  possible  in  English? 
Illustrate  your  assertion. 


so 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


git)an3tgftc  2Iufgabe 

SCufgc^iafft!  SBag  fe^en  <Bk  ba? 

3ft  eg  eine  Xa\d  ober  eine  Stavte? 

T)a^  tft  eine  3:afel,  feine  ^arte, 

^ie  3:afel  ^ti^t  aud^  bie  ^anbtafel,  hjell  fie  an  ber 

SBanb  ift 
^ie  ^arte  l^eifet  aud^  bie  SBanbfarte. 
SBarunt  Ifieifet  fie  fo? 

(Stel^en  ®ie  auf! 
3c^  ftel^e  auf. 


Sraulein 


^kffc: 


^taffe: 


^raffe! 
SSeiter 
fortfaftrcn! 

5(ttc! 


!Du  fte^t  auf  ufh)» 

@ef)en  @ie  fc^nell  an  bie  ^afel! 

Q6)  gel^e  fd^neK  an  bie  ^afeL 

!5)u  9ef)ft  fd^nelt  an  bie  ^afel  ufm. 

9lef)men  ©ie  bie  ^retbe  ober  ein  <BtM  ^reibe  in 

bie  §anb! 
3d^  nel^me  fc^nett  bie  ^reibe  in  bie  $anb. 
me  ift  bie  treibe? 
3ft  fie  iDeife  ober  fd^toars? 
!^ie  ^reibe  ift  iDeife,  aber  bie  S^inte  ift 

fd^trars. 
3ft  bie  ^afel  toeife? 

5^ein,  bie  2:afel  ift  nic^t  ioeig,  fonbem  fd^ioar^* 
(Sd^reiben  ©ie  an  bie  ^afet  bie  ^iir! 
3d^  fd^reibe  an  bie  2^afel  bie  $i;ur. 

2)u  fd^reibft  ufto. 


!2efen  ®ie,  toag  an  ber  Xafel  ftel^t! 
SBir  lefen,  toaS  an  ber  Stafel  ftelfit. 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 

^egen  ®ie  bie  ^reibe  tDieber  fitn! 
^6)  lege  bie  ^relbe  mieber  f)tn. 


51 


maffc!         bulegftufrt), 
JBccnbigen! 

f^rauteiti      ®e§en  ©te  in  3f)re  iBanf  I 
^**  3c^  Qel^e  in  meine  SBant 

^taffe:  bu  ge^t  in  beine  ^anf, 

r  er  gel^t  in  feine  ^anf, 
\  fie  ge{)t  in  il^re  ^anf, 
i  eg  Gef)t  in  feine  iBanf ; 

h3ir  gel^en  in  nnfere  ^cinfe, 
f  il^r  gel^t  in  eure  ^cinfe, 
I  <Sie  gel^en  in  S^vt  iBcinfe, 

fie  ge^en  in  il^re  ^(tnfe. 

5((6tuttg!      (Sef)en  @ie  bort  bie  ©tange? 

^ie  (^tange  ftel^t  in  einer  ddt  biefer  ©tube. 
SSie  biele  (Scfen  l^at  bie  ©tnbe? 


Sraulcin 

(Se^en  8ie  fid^! 

^.! 

3d&  fefee  micS» 

Sci^rcr  uttb 

bu  fefe(cf)t  m, 

tkffe: 

er  fefet  ficft, 

fie  fe^t  fic^, 

I  eg  fe^t  fic^, 

mir  fe^en  m^, 

'  ifir  fe^t  cud^, 
®ie  fe^en  fi(3^, 

fie  feijen  m* 

^crt  S(*!      SSie  befinben  ®ie  fic^  l^eute,  gut  ober  fd^Ied^t? 
3d&  befinbe  mid^  tDof)t  unb  gut. 


52 


beginners'   GERMAN 


^laffc! 
Scrttg 

mam 

SBetter! 


^crr  S5.! 


©chiller: 


Serttg 
maci^en! 

graulcin 


Sei^rcr: 


Scorer  unb 
tlaffe: 


bu  befinbeft  bid^  uftt)» 

5ii()len  (Sie  ftd^  ftarf  ober  fd^trad^? 

3d^  fU^Ie  mtc^  ftarf; 

bu  fii^Ift  bld^  ftarf  ufm. 
!Da^  ift  ble  ^Ur. 
:Dte  Xnv  ift  ie^t  gu, 

(Stef)en  <Bk  auf,  unb  madden  ®te  bie  ^llr  auf,  benn 

bie  Suft  ift  fd^Ied^t, 
©agen  ®ie  jebe^mal,  it)a^  (Sie  tun! 

id^  ftel^e  auf, 

id^  gel^e  an  bk  XiXv. 

3)ie  3:ur  ift  jefet  au; 

id^  mad^e  fie  auf. 

S^  Qtf)t  (mieber)  surlid^  in  nteine  ^anf  unb  f  ei^e  mid^» 

bu  ftel^ft  auf  ufft). 


^lopfen  (Sie  an  bie  Xiir! 
3^  flopfe  an  bie  ^iir. 

^ann  fage  id^:  „§erein! 
£)l  ©ie  finb  eg?" 

9^ef)men  (Sie  3^vt  geber!  9}^an  fd^reibt  mit  (ber) 
geber  unb  2^inte. 

id^  nef)me  meine  geber, 

bu  nimmft  beine  geber, 
r  er  nimmt  feine  geber, 
j  fie  nimmt  il^re  geber, 
I  eg  nimmt  feine  geber; 

lt)ir  nef)men  unfere  %tbevn  ufm. 
2Bo  l^aben  tr)ir  ntmm  gel^abt? 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  53 

Setter:         ©prec^en  ®ie  ^eutfc^? 

^taffc  unb    ic^  fpred^e  ^eutfd^, 
Scorer:         5^  fpri^ft  3)eutf(^, 

er  fprid^t  !Deutfd^  ufm. 

Note  the  change  of  root-vowel  e  into  i  (te)  in  the  second  and  third 
singular  present. 

^onjugic^     i(^  gebe  il^m  meiti  58ud^,  bu  Qtbft  ♦  ♦ . 
rcn  etc:       [^  jefe  meine  ©efd^id^te,  bu  lieft .  . . 

tc5  felfie  mein  ^ilb,  bu  ficl^ft .  ♦  ♦ 

(Sie  miiffen  alle^  milublic^  uub  fd^riftUd^  madden! 


€tnunb3rt)an3tgftc  2lufgabe 

Stufgc^jafet!  !Da6  tft  ber  Zi\i^. 
3)ag  ift  eiu  3:ifd^. 
(gg  ift  mein  2:if(^. 
3ft  e^  ein  ©d^rauf  ? 

^yietu,  e^  ift  feiu  (Bc^ranf,  fonbem  ein  ^ifd§. 
mt  ift  bie  gorm  be^  5tifc^eg? 
3ft  er  runb  ober  edig? 
3)ie  gomt  be^  3:ifd^e^  ift  edig,  - 
3d^  fi^e  an  bem  ^if(§  unb  auf  bem  ©tul^L 
i£3o  fi^e  ic^? 

©ie  ft^en  an  bem  ^ifd^  unb  auf  bem  (Stulfil. 
2Bof)in  fe^e  id^  mid^  je^t? 
'Bit  fe^en  fid^  je^t  an  ben  2:ifd^  unb  auf  ben  ©tul^t, 

5(ttf))affen!   ^a^  ift  ber  ^leiftift! 

i£3a^  ift  bie  garbe  meine^  iBIeiftift^? 
©run,  blau,  rot,  gelb? 
<Sd§n)ars,  tneife,  braun  ober  gran? 
iffio  liegt  mein  iBIeiftift? 


S4 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


35r  iBIeifttft  liegt  auf  bem  Zi\ii). 

iESol^in  lege  idfi  meinen  ^(eiftift? 

(©ie  legen  3^ren  ^leiftift  auf  ben  Xi\^* 

3ft  biefer  ^leiftlft  nxetnct  ober  ber  feme  ober  ber 

!Diefer  ^leiftift  ift  ber  meine  unb  nlc^t  ^l^rer. 


NOTE 

What  is  the  difference  between  the  possessive  adjectives 
and  the  possessive  pronouns? 

^affen  @ie  ^er  Xi\<i)  ift  l)oc^,  aber  ber  ^Btubil  tft  ntebrig* 
<^"f*  2)er  Zi\(^  ift  nal)e  bei  mir,  aber  ber  ©c^ranf  tft 

fern  (h)eit  ah)  Don  nxir, 
3ft  ber  ed^liiffel  im  ©d^ranf? 
(Sel^en  @ie  l^ier  ben  SBifd^er  nnb  bort  ben  ^orb? 
SD^it  bem  SBifd^er  tDifd^en  tdiv  bie  ^tafel  ab, 
Sin  folc^er  ^orb  lieifet  aud^  ein  ^apierforb,  tddl  e§ 
ein  ^orb  fur  bag  papier  ift, 

Xragen  (Sie  ben  fd^hjeren  ^orb  t)or  ben  ©c^ranf! 

i(^  trage  ben  ^orb  bor  ben  ©d^ranf, 
bu  tragft  ben  ^orb  Dor  btn  ©d^ranf, 
er  (fie,  eg)  tragt  ben  ^orb  bor  ben  ©d^ranf; 
ioir  tragen  bie  ^orbe  Dor  bie  (Sc^rftnfe, 
il^r  tragt  bie  ^orbe  Dor  bie  ^Sc^rdnfe, 
(Sie  tragen  bie  ^orbe  Dor  bk  ^^vixntc, 
fie  tragen  bie  ^orbe  Dor  bie  ©c^rftnfe, 

moxmn      ^o  fte^t  ber  ^orb  jefet? 

!Der  ^orb  ftef)t  je^t  Dor  bem  (Sd^ranf, 
fatten  Bit  ben  ^orb  l)inter  ben  <Btnf)U 
3^  fjalte  ben  ^orb  l^inter  ben  (Btu% 


3tt  cinem 
8rf|uler: 

Scorer  unb 
tiaffe: 


beginners'   GERMAN  55 

SScitcr,        bu  l^attft  ben  ^orb  f)mUv  ben  ©tul^I, 
|^?ff^^         er  (fte,  e^)  ^alt  htn  ^oth  (ilnter  ben  ©tnf)!; 
Ux^mlicn^  toir  fallen  bie  ^orbe  f)inter  bie  ©tilfire  ufm» 
*  SSo  ift  ber  ^orb  jefet? 
3efet  tft  ber  ^orb  l^inter  bent  ©tnl^L 
®e]()en  (Sie  mteber  auf  ^l^ren  "ipia^! 
3^  gel^e  tDieber  auf  ntelnen  *i(3la^» 
Slttc,  hjcttcr!     bu  gel^ft  mieber  auf  beinen  ^lal^, 
( er  gel^t  tDieber  auf  feinen  ^lai^, 
I  fie  gel^t  tuieber  auf  if)ren  'ipia^, 
I  e^  9ef)t  iDieber  auf  feinen  ^la\^; 
h)ir  Qti)tn  tcieber  auf  unfere  *ipia^c  uftt)» 
©e^en  ©ie  fid^  auf  ^fjxtn  ^lai^l 
3^  fe^e  mic^  auf  nteinen  ^la^, 

^(affc!         bu  fefe(ef)t  bid^  auf  beinen  ^la^  uftt), 

t^ertig 

mac^cn!  ^o^^. 

Which  two  verbal  forms  may  be  used  as  imperatives? 
Observe  the  change  of  root-vowel  o  into  S  in  the  second  and  third 
singular  present. 

^oniugic*        id^  loafc^e  mir  ha^  $aar  (bie  $aare), 
rcn  Sic:  ^^  h)af(f)(ef)t  bir  ba^  ^aar, 

r  er  mafc^t  fi(^  ba^  §aar, 
I  fie  inafc^t  fic^  ba^  §aar, 
I  eg  iDcifd^t  fic^  ba^  §aar; 
tdiv  n)af(^en  un^  bie  §aare  (bag  §aar), 
f  if)r  n)af(^t  eud^  bie  §aare, 
\  (Sie  toafdien  fid^  bie  §aare, 
fie  tDafd^en  fid^  bie  §aare» 
^onjugicrcn  Sie  in  berfelben  SBeife  mllnbli^  unb  fd^riftUd^: 
id^  mafd^e  mir  ben  ^opf  ufm, 
id^  fd^Iafe  gut  in  nteinem  ^ett  ufiD* 


56 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


©rgfifiten  (Bit  erft,  unb  bann  fc^relbcn  ©ic,  h)a« 

<Bk  am  Xaqt  tun! 
SESann  \k\)tn  <Bk  auf,  tDafd^en  (Sie  ftd^,  effen  ©ic, 

gel^en  (Sic  in  bie  ©d^ule,  fommen  (Sie  nad^ 

^aufe,  arbeiten  unb  fpielen  (Sie,  gef)cn  ©ie  p 

SBett? 
iSBann  Qel^cn  (Sic  in  btc  ^irc^e? 
SBa^  tnn  (Sie,  urn  ha^  '^apkv  anfpl^ebcn? 

3(^  ftel^c  auf,  id^  trete  aug  ber  ^anf,  ic^  berlaffe 
meinen  "^lal^,  ifi)  biicfe  ntid^,  ic^  l^ebe  ba^  papier 
auf*  3c&  rid^te  mid^  auf,  id^  gel^e  auf  meinen 
*il3Ia^,  id^  trete  in  bie  ^anf,  id^  fe^e  mid^» 

^oniugicrcn  <Bxt  bie^  ju  (Snbe  milnblid^  unb  fd^riftlid^! 

NOTE 

What  is  the  only  true  reflexive  pronoun? 

With  what  person  is  it  used? 

Is  it  declinable? 

Are  t§  and  ha§  variable  as  indefinite  subjects? 

Can  you  now  decline  the  personal  pronouns? 

Singular 


ist  Person 

2d  Person 

3d  Person 

MASCXJLINE 

FEMININE 

NEUTER 

Norn.     ic§ 

bu                er 

fie 

eg 

Gen.      meiner 

beiner            feiner 

if)rer 

feiner 

Dat.      mir 

bir                i^m 

ii)V 

ii)m 

Ace.      mid^ 

bid^               il^n 
Plural 

fie 

eg 

Nom.    h)ir 

x^x    (eie) 

fie 

Gen.      unfer 

euer  (^^rer) 

il^rer 

Dat.       un^ 

eu(^  (3^nen) 

tl)nen 

Ace.      un§ 

eud^  (®ie) 

fie 

beginners'   GERMAN  57 


gtpeiunbjtpanjigfte  2lufgabe 

©inb  atte  ba,ober  felfilt  j[emanb? 

Hber  toer  meife,  tok  an\  englifd^  l^etfet:  SSa^  fel^It  3f)nen? 

Uberfe^en  ©te  blefe  grage  in^  (Sngltfd^e, 


Unfcr  Sc^ulsimmcr 

Unfcr  <5c^ulstmmer  befmbet  fic^  im  ©d^ull^aug*  (g^  f)at 
ijtcr  SBanbe,  einen  gupoben  unb  eine  !^ecfe.  ^er  gufeboben 
ift  unter  un^,  bie  ^edfe  liber  un^»  2ln  ben  ilSanbett  beftnben 
ftc§  bie  2:afeln,  bie  be^f)alb  au(§  SBanbtafeIn  fieifeen.  5In  ben 
iBanben  Wngen  au(^  ^ilber.  5Sor  ber  Piaffe  fte^t  bag  ^ult 
be6  )i?e]^rerg»  ^a^  ©(^ulsimmer  Ifiat  eine  ^iir  unb  fUnf  gen* 
fter.  ^n  ber  linfen  ©eite  finb  bie  genfter,  an  ber  red^ten  ift 
bie  XViv.  ^ie  ^iir  fuf)rt  auf  ben  ©ang,  ^a^  Sid^t  fommt  in 
bag  3tnxmer  t)on  linfg,  nic^t  bon  rec^tg»  SBir  fel^en  ben 
§immel  unb  bie  SSoIfen  burc^  bie  genfter,  Unfer  ©c^ulsint* 
mer  ift  t)ierecfig, 

i£3ag  flir  (Sadden  ober  ©egenftftnbe  fel^en  toir  in 

unferm  (Sdfiulsimmer? 
3^tf(§en    toelc^en   ^i^^^nt    ift   unfer    (Sd^u(== 

gimmer? 
9^eben  melc^em  3^^^^^  tft  unfer  Sc^ulsimmer? 
3ft  bie  3)e(Je  oben  ober  unten? 
SBo  ift  ber  gupoben? 
SBarunt  finb  bie  genfter  auf  ber  linfen  ©eite  ber 

©c^ulftube? 
Tlan  fann  beffer  lefen,  tnenn  ha^  !2i(^t  t)on  linfg 

fommt, 
(gg  ift  beffer  fitr  bie  lugen. 


5^  beginners'  GERMAN 

SKag  fel^en  tnir  burd^  bie  genfter? 

3Bte  fonnen  irir  ftatt  unfcr  ©djulstmmcr  fagcn? 

ilBa^  fiir  ein  dimmer  ift  ein  8d)ulsimmer? 

(gin  ©d^ulsimmer  ift  ein  ^ii^^er  in  bcr  ©d^ule 

filr  bie  (Sd^iiler, 
©el^en  ^k  ie^t  in  bie  ©d^ule? 
3ah)of)I,  i(^  9ef)e  je^t  in  bk  @d^ule» 
iESa^  filr  ein  SBoben  ift  ein  gupoben? 
(gin  gufeboben  ift  ber  ^oben  nnter  ben  giifeen, 
SSag  fiir  ein  I^orb  ift  ber  ^apierforb? 
SBag  fiir  ein  Xu<^  ift  ba^  2:afd^entud^? 
giir  bie  (SW)  ^ofe  lE)aben  ®ie  ein  2:af(^entud§  in 

ber  ^afd^e. 
^a^  fiir  eine  ^afel  ift  bk  Sanbtofel? 
^k  iffianbtafel  ift  eine  ^afel  an  ber  SBanb* 
SSa^  fiir  eine  U^r  ift  bk  iCSanbu^r? 
SS^o  ift  bie  ^laffenn^r? 

ma^  fiir  ein  m^  ift  ba^  ^opfirel^?  So.^nm'^? 
iESag  fiir  ein  md)  ift  ba^  ^ilberbud^? 
(S«  ift  ein  «ud^  mit  iBilbem, 
SKa^  fiir  eine  ^eit  ift  bie  ©ommerseit?        •" 
!Die  (Sommergeit  ift  bk  ^eit  be^  ©ontmer^. 
5Bag  fiir  eine  3eit  ift  bk  ilSinterseit?  ^erbftaeit? 

grii^Iing^Seit? 
SKo  l^aben  tdiv  ©ommersett  gelfiabt? 
iffia^  fiir  ein  ^itnmer  ift  ein  iBabe jimnter? 
(gin  ^abegimmer  ift  ein  ^intmer  sum-^aben,"^ 
SSa^  fiir  ein  ^itnmer  ift  ein  SBol^ngimmer?   '^ 
(®ie  iDo^nen  in  Q^vtm  ^aufe.) 
iSBa^  filr  ein  ^iinnter  ift  benn  ein  ^fegimmer? 
SBo  finb  @ie  je^t? 
3?d^  bin  je^t  in  meinem  ©c^ulaimmer* 


59 

^onjugtc^     !Du  btft  je^t  in  beinem  ©c^ulalmtner  uftD, 

ten  @ie  ba^  (g^^^^^  (gle  ^^^  ^Befdjreibung  unfere^  ©(^ulsim- 

S^reiBcn        ^^^^  ^"  ^^^  plural! 
@ie  bie         (Srft  miinbltd^,  bann  fcfiriftlid^! 
^otijuga*     iBefc^reiben  (5te  gi^r  (Sc^ulstmrtter,  ober  geben  (Ste 
^^^'^  *  un^  elne  iBef d^relbung  bon  S^rem  ©c^ulsimmer ; 

Don  3]^rem  i3Bof)natmmer; 

t)on  3^rent  ^abeslmmer! 
S^atitrlid^  immer  miinblid^  unb  fd^riftlic^! 

NOTE 
What  can  you  say  of  compound  nouns? 

E.g. 

Which  factor  (component)  determines  their  gender  and 
their  declension? 

Which  component  has  the  accent? 

How  does  the  first  component  affect  the  meaning  of  the 
compound  noun? 

When  do  the  prepositions 

an,  auf,  Winter,  ncbcn,  in, 
iiber,  unter,  t)or  unb  shJifcftcn 

take  the  Dative?    Do  you  ask  where  or  whereto? 
When  do  these  prepositions  take  the  Accusative? 
$ISie  fragen  (Sic:  SKo  ober  n»of)in?    Illustrate. 

From  now  on  encourage  the  students  to  ask  questions  on 
the  reading  texts,  so  as  to  stimulate  their  natural  interest 
and  curiosity  and  to  develop  their  power  of  expression. 


6o 


Dreiunb3U)an3tgfte  Jlufgabe 

3n  unferer  Piaffe  ftnb  je^t  noc^  16  (Sc^iiler,  b.  1^,  ^naben 
ober  3ungen,  unb  28  ©c^iilerinnen,  b.  1^,  'iffliib^tn,  alfo  gu- 
fammen  44  ©d^iiler,  SBir  flatten  suerft  49  (Sd^liler  unb 
©d^iilerlnnen,  iESir  fi^en  auf  ^cinfen,  metften^  siDei  auf  elner 
^anf*  SBir  §aben  t)iele  ^ild^er  ttov  un^,  ober  fein  ^ud^  tft 
offen,  h)eil  iDir  gang  aufmerffam  ftnb,  ^le  ^ef)rerin  ober 
eine  ?e§rerln  leJirt  un6  jefet  ^eutfc^,  SSir  (©driller  unb  ©d^ii* 
lerinnen  lernen  je^t  ^eutfd^  in  ber  ^d)ult.  3Sor  sh)et  ^cil^ren 
l^atten  mtr  nod^  fein  !Deutfd^.  ilKir  lernen  !Deutfd^  tierftel^en, 
fpred^en,  fd^reiben  unb  aud^  lefen,  tda^  bie  ^auptfad^e  ift.  iEBir 
fonnen  aud§  beutfd^  gctlfilen,  red^nen  unb  fingen,  iCSir  fd^reiben 
getDofinlid^  ntit  ^leiftift,  aber  ntand^ntal  aud&  mit  geber  unb 
XinU*  %m  <©onnabenb  unb  ©onntag  l^aben  n)ir  intmer 
fret» 

©agen  ®ie,  tt)ie  Diele  ©driller  unb  ©d^ltlerinnen  in 
^l^rer  eignen  Piaffe  finb! 

$aben  (Sie  einen  beutfd^en  Sefirer  ober  eine  beutfd^e 
!2e]f)rerin? 

SBann  Ifiatten  (Sie  nod^  fein  ^eutfd^? 

58or  einem  3af)re  l^attc  id^  nod&  fein  !Deutfd^» 

Secret  unb       '^u  Ifiatteft  t)or  einent  Saf)vt  nod^  fein  3)eutfd§, 
Piaffe:  ^^  (f|e,  e^)  l^atte  dor  einem  3af)re  nod^  fein 

^DeutfdEi; 
toir  l^atten  Dor  einem  ^al^re  nod^  fein  ^eutfd^, 
J  il^r  ^atttt  Dor  einem  ^cil^re  nod^  fein  ^eutfd^, 
I  ®ie  l^attcn  bor  einem  3cii)vt  noc^  fein  ^eutfd^, 
fie  l^attcn  Oor  einem  ^al^re  nod^  fein  !Deutfd^, 


beginners'   GERMAN  6 1 

^onjugic'     3^  lemte  t)or  einem  Qa^vt  nod^  fetn  !Deutfd^  ufm.; 
ren  ©ic        [^  ^attt  mein  iBud^  bet  mir, 

td^  mad^te  bie  erfte  5lufgabe, 

bu  ntac^teft  bie  gmeite  5Iufgabe  ufm« 

Conjugate  similarly  in  full  sentences : 

legen,  ftellen,  geigen,  lefiren,  fagen,  iaf)lmr  red^nen, 
offnen, 

NOTE 
What  are  the  endings  in  the  preterit? 
SSa^  Ief)rt  <Bk  ber  englifd^c  l^el^rer? 
SSag  Ie{)rt  ©te  ber  fransofifd^e  !2ef)rer? 
SSag  Ie()rt  ©ie  ber  grtcc^ifc^e  l^el^rer? 
SSag  Ie{)rt  @te  ber  lateinifd^e  2ti)Xtv? 

SSie  t)lele  ©chiller  unb  ©d^illerinnen  ftnb  in  ^tittt  englifd^en 
Piaffe?  ufh). 
3n  ^eutfd^lanb  h)of)nen  !Deut[d^e,  bie  ^eutfd^  fpred^en. 
3ti  (Snglanb  n)ol)nen  ^nglanber,  bie  (Snglifd^  [prec^en. 
3n  granfreid^  h)ot)nen  grangofen,  bie  grangofifd^  fpred^en, 
3n  5Imerifa  h)o]^Tien  ^merifaner,  bie  —  fpred^en. 
Change  the  last  four  sentences  into  the  singular! 

E.g. 

3n  !Deutfd^Ianb  loofint  ber  ^eutfd^e,  ber  ^eutfd^  fprid^t  ufh3. 

What  is  the  force  of  the  adjective-ending  -iW? 


62  beginners'   GERMAN 

Oierunb3U)an3tgfte  2lufgabe 

Unfer  ©rfjutl^au^ 

"Unfer  ^laffensiminer  liegt  in  bent  'Bd)ulf}au^.  Unfer  ©d^ul= 
f)au^  l^at  tjiele  (Sc^ulsimmer,  SKenn  toiv  au^  unferenx  (B(^uU 
simmer  9ef)en,  fommen  n)ir  auf  ben  ®ang  ober  ginr*  Unfer 
®ang  ift  lang  unb  breit,  nid^t  furs  ^^^  fc^maL  3^t)If  ©d^ul^ 
simmer  liegen  an  unferem  ©ange,  ^nd^  iiber  unb  unter  ung 
liegen  nod^  biete  (Sd^ulftuben*  Dl^ne  biefe  ^iitUn  h)ir  nid^t 
genug  $la^  fiir  unfere  ©d^ulfinber.  Unfer  ®d^ulf)au^  !)at 
filnf  (Stodfmerfe  ober  ©efd^offe,  ^enn  iDir  burd^  bie  ^au^tilr 
in  ba^  ©d^ull^au^  treten,  fo  fommen  tviv  in  ha^  (Srbgefd^ofe. 
SESenn  toir  eine  3:reppe  f)od^  fteigen,  fo  fommen  toir  in  ben  erften 
(Stodf*  SSir  finb  sn)ei  3;:reppen  l^od^,  alfo  im  jlDeiten  (Stodf* 
3ebe^  (Stodftoerf  f)at  mel^rere  ^laffenjimmer.  ©ine  ^reppe 
fiif)rt  Don  einem  ©efd^ofe  in  ba^  anbere.  5^ief  unten  ift  ber 
teller  mit  ^ol^Ien,  §oIs  unb  anberen  @ad^en,  ^od&  oben  ift 
ber  58oben,  liber  bem  fid^  ba^  '^a<^  befinbet*  ^a^  !Dad^  ift 
ber  oberfte  2:eil  be^  §aufe^»    @^  l^at  eine  braune  garbe* 

58efd^reiben  (Bk  Sftr  ®d^ulf)au6! 
SSie  biele  ©d^ulsimmer  Ifiat  e^? 
SSSie  biele  (Stodfmerfe? 
ilBeld^e  garbe? 
3eigen  (Sie  mir  ben  ®ang! 

©(filler:       id^  s^tge  ^l^nen  (bir)  ben  ®ang»    3d^  geigte  ben 
@ang. 

Scorer:        bu  seigteft  mir  ben  ®ang, 

er  seigte  il^m  ben  @ang, 
fie  seigte  ii)v  ben  ©ang; 
toir  seigten  eud^  bie  ©dnge, 


beginners'   GERMAN 


63 


xi)v  setgtet  un^  bie  ©cinge, 

fie  geigten  i^nen  bie  ©ange. 

33erit)anbeln  (Sie  biefe  (Bixi^t,  tnilnbtid^  unb  fd^rift^* 

1x6),  in  ben  ^ipiural  be^  ^mperfeft^  (preterit) : 
3ebeg  ©todtrerf  f)at  tne^rere  ^laffengimmer. 
(Sine  3:reppe  fiil^rt  t)on  einem  ©efd^ofe  nad&  bem 

anberen.  — 
3Ba^  milffen  ®ie  tun,  urn  biefen  ^rief  fiir  mic& 

bem    ^errn    ^ireftor    (Principal)    au   iiber^ 

bringen?    3^  ftel^e  auf, 
ic^  Derlaffe  meinen  ^la^, 
td^  gel^e  an  ba^  Sel^rerpult, 
Ic^  nel^me  ben  ^rief, 
id^  ge^e  an  bie  ^iir, 
i(^  ()ffne  bie  3;;ur, 
t(^  fc^Iiefee  fie, 

i(^  gel)e  burc^  ben  ®ang  be^  oberen  ®to(fe6, 
id^  gef)e  bie  Xreppe  f)innnter, 
td^  menbe  mid^  nad^  red^t^, 
td&  bleibe  bor  bem  ^ireftor^immer  ftel^en, 
id^  flopfe  an. — 
@in  ©driller  h)irb  gum  ^ireftor  emannt: 


^ireltor: 

herein! 

©c^iilcr: 

©uten  3:ag,  §err  ^ireftor! 

^trcftor: 

SKa^  molten  @ie? 

©driller: 

3?d^  bitte  um  ^Sergeil^ung. 

3^  bringe  3f)nen  biefen  ^rief  t)on  §erm  3^. 

^ireftot: 

3n  tceldier  l^laffe  ift  ^err  36.  je^t? 

©filter: 

(Ex  ift  in  feinem  Btmmer. 

^ttcltor: 

©rufeen  (Sie  i!)n  bon  mir! 

64  beginners'  GERMAN 

(B^uUt:       S^  banfe  fel^r,    Hblcu,  $err  ^ireftor! 

Describe  similarly  the  pupil's  return  to  class 
with  final  dialogue  between  the  teacher 
and  the  pupil. 

NOTE 

Which  case  do  the  following  prepositions  always  take: 

burc^,  fitr,  ol^ne, 
gegen,  urn? 

Form  sentences  for  each  preposition  to  illustrate  its  use. 

E.g. 

^d)  l^olte  Tuein  ^u^  fiir  i^n; 
toix  ()oIten  unfere  i8ild^er  fiir  fie. 

SBcnn  td^  if)n  fd^trfc  (fenbc),  um  nxtr  nxein  ^ud^  gu  bringen,  bann 
Ijiolt  er  mein  ^ud^. 
SBo  fiaben  h)ir  ohm  gelemt? 
^onjugicrcn  ©ie  milnblid^  unb  fd^riftlid^: 

id^  t)abt  ha^  SBort  Qelemt, 
bu  {)aft  ha^  SSort  gelemt, 
er  (fie,  eg)  {)at  bag  SSort  gelemt; 
h)ir  fiaben  bie  SBorter  gelemt  ufh3. 

id^  f)atte  bag  SSort  getemt, 

bu  l^atteft  ba^  SSort  gelemt, 

er  (fie,  eg)  f)atte  bag  Sort  gelemt  ufto. 


65 


Unfcrc  ®rf|ulc 

Unfere  (Sd^ule  liegt  an  ber  ^auptftrafee  itnb  l^ctgt  Washing- 
ton High  School.  @ie  i\t  nad^  bent  33ater  unfereS  !Oanbeg  be- 
nannt,  <Sie  ift  tm  3af)re  1895  erbant,  fo  bafe  fie  al[o  fc^on  16 
Sa^xt  \k%  @ie  ^at  jefet  29  ^Iaf[en  nnb  aa^lt  ttm  1050 
©c^iiler  nnb  <Sc^nIerinnen,  5In  tl^r  unterrid^ten  aufeer  bem 
!Direftor  nod^  18  2t^xcv  nnb  24  :2ef)rerinnen,  3)te  8d^nle  ift 
gegen  100  gnfe  lang.  53or  ber  ©d^nle  ift  ein  fd^oner  grliner 
^^afenpla^.  Winter  ber  (Bd^nle  beftnben  fid^  gmei  (Sd^nlf)ofe 
ober  ©pielptcii^e*  !Der  eine  ift  filr  bie  SD^abd^en,  ber  anbere  fiir 
bie  ^naben*  (ginige  iBaunte  nnb  ^flan^en,  bie  tinmen  tragen, 
jieren  ben  ^of* 

^efd^reiben  ©ie  S^re  (Sd^nle! 

SBo  liegt  3&re  ©d^nle? 

SBa^  ift  ber  ^ame  nnb  ba^  Hlter  3§rer  (gd^nle? 

3Bie  ftarf  ift  bie  ©d^iiler^^  nnb  bie  2ti)vcviaf)l? 

SSie  lang  ift  3^re  (Sd^nle? 

^a^  befinbet  fid§  nnx  S^vt  (Sd^nle? 

2Bo  l^aben  n)ir  Soum  gelemt? 

Unfere  ©d^nle  ift  nid^t  flein,    (Bit  ift  nid^t  fo  grofe 

hjtc  Diele  anbere  ©d^nlen, 
Unfere  ©c^nle  ift  iDol^I  fleiner  al;^  mand^e  (Sd^ulen; 

fie  ift  aber  nid^t  bie  fleinfte  ©d&nle  in  ber 

@tabt» 

NOTE 

How  are  the  comparative  and  superlative  formed  in  Eng- 
lish?   And  how  in  German? 

Illustrate  the  comparison  by  using  in  sentences: 


66  beginners'   GERMAN 


h)artn 

retd^ 

fc^on 

Mt 

(tntt 

mii^ 

fteifeifi 

lana 

aufmerffam 

faut 

furg 

unaufmerffam 

^ie  XaQc  im  Tlai  ftnb  oft  marm, 
^ic  jtage  im  3uni  finb  njftrmcr, 
^le  Xa^t  im  3uli  finb  bie  tnarmftcn. 

Obcr: 

!Dic  jDame  h)ar  fo  rci(^  gefleibet  tuie  biete  ^amen. 
3cne  ^ame  toar  rctcf)cr  aU  biefe  gefleibet, 
^cne  2)ame  tear  am  rcirfiften  geHeibet, 

Is  there  any  difference  between  the  adjective  and  the  ad- 
verb in  the  positive  and  comparative  degrees? 
What  is  the  difference  in  the  superlative? 
When  is  text  used,  and  where  is  ai§  used? 

E.g. 

(gr  tft  fo  gtoft  tote  td^;  aber 

(Sr  ift  griiftcr  al)^  id^.    Give  further  examples. 


5ed?5unb5rt)an3igfte  2lufgabe 

a^ei  xm 

SSer  l^ungrig  ift,  alfo  hunger  l^at,  igt.  (g^  l^ungert  il^n* 
mtv  burftig  ift,  alfo  ^urft  f)at,  trinft*  ©g  bilrftet  t^n.  2Bir 
cffen  bie  (Suppe  mit  einem  ^offeL . 

3)a^  Sleifc^  jerfc^neibet  man  mit  bem  932effer  unb  tfet  e^  mit 
ber  &ahtL  ^Den  ^affee  trinft  man  au^  einer  2:affe,  b,  1^.  man 
trinft  eine  ^affe  ^affee.  ^a^  Staffer  unb  bie  5D^iIc^  trinfen  mir 
au^  einem  ®(afe,  b.  ^.  iDir  trinfen  ein  @(a6  SSaffer  ober  9}?i(c&, 


beginners'   GERMAN  67 

©a^  ^ienftrttabc^en  fommt  au^  ber  ^iid^e  unb  becft  ben 
^ifc^  tntt  einem  Xii^tud)*  ^ann  fteKt  e^  bte  Shelter  auf  ben 
Xi\(^.  9^ac^  bent  (Sffen  blelbt  man  bei  gemiitlid^er  Unterfial' 
tung  noc^  tttda^  ft^en. 

!Der  !Dentf(^e  fagt:  „$unger  tft  ber  befte  ^o^" 

^arum  fagt  er'ba^? 

i£3oniit  e[fen  tnir? 

SBorau6  trinfen  iDir? 

SSorauf  fterrt  bag  SO^cibd^en  bie  better? 

©tellen  @le  gragen  iiber  bie  ®egen[tanbe  anf  bent 

©d^reiben  6te  barliber! 

SBag  ift  ber  Unterfc^ieb  atuifc^en  elnent  (^M  iE3af^ 

fer  unb  einem  SSaffergla^? 
@in  (^M  SBaffer  ift  ein  ®Ia§  boE  ilSaffer,  aber 

ein  SSafferglag  ift  ein  ®Ia«  filr  Staffer  (pm 

SBaffertrinfen). 
iESag  ift  ber  Unterfc^ieb  3n)if(^en: 
®te  Mld^  unb  gjJild&gto? 
5taffe  ^affee  unb  ^affeetaffe? 
J^offel  (Suppe  unb  ©uppenloffel? 

^ottjugtcs     id^  effe  gleifc^  gem, 
ren  Sic:       5^  |^t  gleifc^  gem  ufit). 

Substitute  pronouns  for  nouns  in  the  following  sentences. 

E.g. 

2Sir  effen  bie  ©uppe  mit  einem  ^offet,  becomes: 

SSir  effen      fie  bamit. 

Tlan  gerf(5neibet  ba^  Rletfc^  mit  bem  90?effer,  becomes  what? 

9}?an  ifet  bag  S^^if^^  ^it  ber  ®abel,  becomes  what? 

Tlan  trinft  ben  ^affee  aug  einer  2:affe,  becomes: 

9}Jan  trinft      'ii)n  baraug. 


68  beginners'   GERMAN 

2Ba§  h)irb  au«: 
SSir  trinfen  ba«  SSaffer  aug  einem  ®Iafe? 
SSir  trinfen  bie  SD^iI(5  au§  einem  ®Iafe? 
!5)a«  ©ienftmabd^en  bedft  ben  3:i[(^  mit  einem  Xm^? 
^a«  ©ienftmabd^en  ftetlt  bie  Speller  auf  ben  Xi\(^,  becomes: 
^^  ober  fie        fteltt       fie  barauf. 

NOTE 

Are  the  indefinite  pronouns  man,  etftja^,  nic^t^,  ein  paar  in- 
declinable? 

Of  what  gender  are  infinitives  used  as  nouns? 

What  is  the  agreement  of  personal  pronouns  in  the  third 
person  with  nouns  to  which  they  refer? 

When  are  the  so-called  adverbial  compounds  used  (ba  +, 
n)0+)? 

Do  they  refer  to  things  or  to  persons? 

Do  these  compound  expressions  exist  in  English? 

Illustrate. 

Semen  ©ie  36,  h)a§  gar  ift  (gefod^t), 
au^wcnbig:  ^^-t^f^  ^^^  ^^r  ift, 

©prid^,  tna^  mal^r  ift!  — 
^ag  finb  bie  ©egenteile  bon  gar,  fiav,  Xoa^x?  — 
Sviv  ^Beil^nad^t^jeit  unb  befonber^  am  SBeil^nad^t^* 
abenb  fingen  bie  ^eutfc^en  ein  fc^one^  Sieb* 
3(^  merbe  S^ntn  mix  bie  erfte  @trop!)e  bat)on 
gebcn,    $man  fie^t  eg  oft  aU  3SoIMieb  an: 

etiEe  9^ad&t,  Ifieilige  9^a(^t! 
5lIIe6  fd&Iaft,  einfam  toac^t 
9^r  ha^  traute,  ]^0(^{)eili8e  ^aar. 
$oIber  ^nabe  im  lodigen  ^aar, 
(Sc^laf  in  {)immlifc§er  diui), 
<Bd)la\  in  {)immlif(^er  dlui)l 


beginners'   GERMAN  69 

iSStr  iDoKen  ba^  2kb  au^lDenbig  lernen  unb  ami) 

ftngen! 
flberfe^en  (Sie  bag  ^teb! 

NOTE 

ber  ^nabe  bic  9^a($t  ba^  §aar 

l^olber  ^nabe  ftlKc  ^^lac^t  lodigo^  §aar 

bie  dtn^t 

How  is  an  adjective  declined  when  it  takes  the  place  of 
the  definite  article? 

What  are  the  various  endings  for  the  singular  and  plural? 
Decline  the  above  in  full. 

This  adjective  declension  is  called  the  strong  declension. 
Why? 

Give  the  principal  parts  as  indicated  on  page  37,  last  two  lines. 

Stebenunb3U)an3tgfte  Ztufgabe 

3^  toerbc  ^l^nen  etne  ©efc^ic^te  ersctfiten  mit  bem  ZM: 
^(a^regctt 

3n  ber  ©(^ulftube  tdax  e^  in  ber  le^ten  (Stunbe  fel^r  bunfel. 
^er  ^tmmel  fal^  burc^  bie  genfter  tnie  eine  fc^trarsgraue  SSanb. 
^aum  tioavm  mir  au^  ber  (^c^ule,  fo  liefen  tnlr  auf  bie  ©trafee, 
benn  un[er  Se!)rer  f)atte  Qefagt:  „9D^ac^t,  bafe  xi)v  nad^  §aufe 
fommt!"  5lber  ba  mitten  im  Saufen  ilber  ben  ^avft  hdam 
x6)  s^ei  bide  D^egentropfen  gerabe  auf  bie  9^afe!  ^c^  mnfete 
laut  lac^en.  SIber  ha^  rt)aren  nur  bie  erften  3:ropfen  getrefen. 
*iI3Id^lt(^  ftel  eine  3[)?encje,  aEe  grofe  unb  hid  unb  toarm  iiber 
meinen  ^opf,  meine  Hrme,  meine  ^letber.  Wt  2tuk  began^ 
nen  ^u  laufen,  unb  ic^  Uef  mit.    3)er  ^egen  fam  in  ©tromen, 


70 

unb  [^  faf)  felnen  ^lai^,  tt)o  ic&  -mic^  unterftettcn  fonnte*  "ipio^s 

lid^  fam  em  f)eller,  gelber  ®onnenftra{)l  jmifd^en  ben  fd^tDarjen 

SSolfen  Ifierbor,  fc^aute  Uber  ble  naffe  (Strafee  unb  —  lad^te  ble 

naffen  !Beute  au^. 

9^ad^3Ife  firepan. 

Stagen 

^unfette  eg  in  bent  (Sd^ulsintnter,  ober  toar  eg 

iE5ie  faf)  ber  ^tmntel  aug? 

©ingen  bie  ^tnber.  langfanx  aug  ber  (Sc^ulc/  ober 

rannten  fte  auf  bie  (Strafee? 
SESarum  lief  en  fie? 
SSag  filr  D^egentropfen  befant  ber  (Sc^liler  auf  bie 

5^afe? 
5£Bar  ber  ^^egen  fd^mad^  ober  ftarf  ?   SBie  ftarf  ? 
SSo  n)urbe  ber  ©d^liler  benn  nafe? 
SKag  fam  aber  auf  einmal  aug  ben  iEBoIfen? 
Unb  mag  gefd^alf)  bann? 
iESar  bie  (Strafee  nafe  ober  trodfen? 

SSieberl^oIen  (Sie  bie  ©efd^id^te  mlinblid^! 
SJ^ad^en  (Sie  je^t  Q^vt  ^Ud^er  auf,  unb  lefen  ®ic 
bie  ©efd^id^tel 

Sllaffe:         ^ir  madden  unfere  ^Ixd^er  auf  unb  lefen  bie  ®e^ 
fd^id^te* 
©d^reiben  (Sie  nun  bie  (Srsftl^Iung  an  bie  ^afel! 
3Serbeffem  (Sie  bag  Hngefd^riebene!    (5lugn)ifd^en!) 
^el^t  toerbe  id^  ^l^nen  bie  gauge  ©efd^id^te  biftieren! 

NOTE 

Change  the  tenses  throughout  the  story  into  the  present. 
Do  you  see  any  difference  between  the  preterits? 


BEGINNERS'    GERMAN  7 1 

e6  h3ar  er   \ai)  id)  lief  ic^  !am 

and 

e6  ^attt  er  lernte  ic^  aeigtc  \^  lad^te? 

Do  the  latter  have  a  tense-ending? 

And  the  former? 

3c^  M  is  said  to  be  a  5/ro«g  verb, 

id^  lernte  is  said  to  be  a  weak  verb.    Why? 

Are  the  so-called  regular  verbs  weak? 

And  the  so-called  irregular  verbs  strong? 

Are  the  verbs  that  modify  the  stem-vowel  a  into  &  and  e 
into  i(te)  in  the  second  and  third  singular  present,  strong  or 
weak  verbs? 

Is  there  any  similarity  between  English  and  German  as  to 
the  conjugation  of  verbs? 

We  conjugate: 

i(5  mar  in  meiner  ©(5nle,  n)ir  hjaren  in  unferen  ©cjuten, 

tf)r  ttjatt  in  euren  <Bd)ukn, 


bu  ttiarft  in  beiner  ©(^ule, 


©ie  njarcn  in  3f)ren  @(5ulen, 


fer  hjar  in  [einer  ©d^ule, 
fie  toar  in  i^rer  (Sc^ute,  fie  toarcn  in  if)ren  ©d^ulen, 

eg  hjar  in  feiner  <Sd^nIe, 

Conjugate  all  the  other  strong  verbs  of  the  story  in  the 
preterit,  orally  and  in  writing. 

Do  you  see  any  difference  in  the  past  participle  between 
the  weak  and  the  strong  verbs? 

E.g. 

S)er  ^el^rer  l^atte  gefagt;  and 

bag  toavm  bit  erften  3:ropfen  0en)efctt. 

Does  the  past  participle  with  both  classes  of  verbs  have  a 
prefix,  called  augment? 

What  is  it?    Is  it  accented?    Is  it  a  part  of  speech? 


72 

Do  the  pure,  coordinating  conjunctions: 

unb,  abcr,  fonbcrn,  obcr,  bcnn 

cause  any  change  of  word-order  in  a  sentence? 

Give  illustrations,  orally  and  in  writing. 

Do  the  other  conjunctions  affect  the  order  of  words? 
How? 

E.g. 

2Bir  Ilefcn  auf  bie  ©trafee,  bcnn  ber  ^ejrer  l^attc  c8  gefagt;  but 
toir  Itefen  auf  blc  ©trage,  ttjcil  ber  !Oef)rer  c^  gefagt  ^attc* 

2ldjtunb5tt)an3tgfte  2lufgabe 

(Review) 

§cute  tDcrbe  x6)  ^l^nen  etnc  einfad^e  ©efc^id^te  ersal^Ien,  hit 
ber  ^ic^ter  ©oetl^e  in  etnem  ^iebe  befingt:  (Sine  fleine  ^ofe,  etn 
^o^Iein,  ftanb  auf  ber  §eibe.  ^a^  ^^o^Iein  irar  jung  unb  fo 
fc^on  XQ\t  ber  frifd^e  aj^orgen.  (gin  ^nabe  fal^  ha^  ^o^letn, 
@r  iDar  XQxlh,  unb  fo  lief  er  fd^nell,  benn  er  moEte  ha^  9^o^^ 
lein  bred^en*  ^te  fleine  9?ofe  aber  vot^xit  ftd^  unb  ftac^  tl^n. 
!Dod^  ber  iDitbe  ^nabe  brad^  ba^  ^o^Iein  tro^bent,  ^rme^ 
^^o^Iein! 

^ag  ©ebic^t  l^eifet  ^etbcnrii^Icm. 

©ie  erfte  (Strop]^e  lautet  folgenbemtagen: 

!♦     ©al^  ein  ^nab'  ein  ^o^Iein  ftel^n, 
D^o^Ietn  auf  ber  §eiben, 
ilSar  fo  jung  unb  morgenfd^on, 
!Otef  er  fd^nelt,  eg  nal)'  gu  fel^n, 
(Sa^g  mtt  btelen  greuben* 

^o^Iein,  9?ogIein,  O^o^Iein  rot, 

D^o^Ietn  auf  ber  ^eiben. 


beginners'   GERMAN  73 

^te  §eibe  l^eifet  auf  engltfc^  the  heath. 

©agen  ^Bk:  ba^  dlMtin  fte^t  auf  ber  ^eiben? 

ilBa^  fonnen  <Bk  ftatt  er  fa^  unb  er  lief  fagen? 

(^d)  ber  ^nabe  ba^  ^o^d^en  gent? 

iffiar  ba^  dlMdn  fc^on  ober  l^afelid^? 

(Se^en  @ie  bte  erfte  ©tropl^e  biefe^  ^iebeg  in  ric^^ 

ttge  '^vo\al 
SBerftel^en  <Sie  nun  bie  erfte  (Stropl^e  ganj? 
^ann  mollen  loir  fie  fingen! 

!^ie  snjcite  Btxop^t  ift,  tDie  folgt: 

2,     ^nabe  fprac^:  i(^  bred^e  bic^, 
9^d^(ein  auf  ber  ^eiben! 
9^o^lein  fprac^:  id)  ftec^e  bid^, 
^afe  bu  ert)ig  benfft  an  ntid^, 
Unb  ic^  miir^  nic^t  Ieiben» 

^o^Iein,  ^o^lein,  S^o^Iein  rot, 

^o^Iein  auf  ber  $eiben, 

©ttJtg  l^eigt:  auf  immer, 

Scibcn  ift  f)ier  ba^fetbe  n)ie  laffen* 

3  ft  bie^  *!Profa:=i£SortftelIung:  bafe  bu  eiuig  benfft 

an  nxi(^? 
^enft  ber  ^nabe  baran,  ha^  ba^  ^o^Iein  fterben 

mu6? 

^onjugieren  Bit: 

i(i)  bred^e  ba^  ^^o^Iein, 
bu  brid^ft  ba^  S^o^lein, 
er  (fie,  e^)  brid^t  ba^  9?o^Iein; 
Jnir  bred^en  bie  9?og(ein  ufto. 


74  BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 

(gbenfo: 

id)  ftcd^e  ben  ^naben, 

SSerftel^en  (Bit  bie  slDeite  (Btxo)(if)e  beg  ©ebic^teSr 

!Dann  ftiXQen  iDtr  ben  stt)eiten  33erg  baDon! 

Unb  nun  fomntt  bit  britte  unb  le^te  ©tro)3l^e: 

3,     Unb  ber  h)ilbe  ^nabe  brad^ 
'g  S^o^Iein  auf  ber  ^eiben, 
^o^Iein  h)ef)rte  ftc^  unb  ftad^, 
^alf  i^m  bod^  fein  3Be]^  unb  5l(^, 
^D^ufet'  eg  eben  lelben, 

dlMtin,  ^oglein,  9?ogrein  rot, 

9^ogIeln  auf  ber  ^eiben* 

SBag  tat  ber  ^nabe  mit  bent  dlMdn? 

^k^  ft(^  ba^  dlo^ldn  bag  rul^ig  gefallen? 

^alf  if)m  aber  fein  ^lagen  ettda^? 

Zat  bent  ^naben  bag  dlMdn  nic^t  leib? 

S3erfte]^en  ®ie  je^t  bte  le^te  <Btxop^e? 

!5)ann  n)otIen  trir  fte  aud^  ftUQen! 

9[)?orGen  mliffen  ©ie  bie  erfte  ©troplE)^  augtoenbig 
Iriffen,  unb  ubemxorgen  miiffen  ©ie  bag  gauge 
Sieb  augn)enbig  iriffen  unb  eg  auc^  an  bie  ^tafel 
fd^reiben  fonnen! 

©oetl^e,  ber  grofete  ^id^ter  ^eutfd^tanbg  unb  einer 
ber  beften  ^id^ter  ber  gangen  iCSelt,  l^at  biefeg 
:2ieb  „§eibenrogIein"  gebid^tet.  ©oetl^e  tourbe 
tnx  ^al^re  1749  in  granffurt  am  Tlain  geboren 
unb  ift  erft  inx  Sa^ve  1832  geftorben,  dx  lebte 
alfo  t)on  1749  big  1832  unb  hjurbe  beinal^e  83 
3ai)xt  alt.    3eber  !^eutfc^e  fennt  bag  „§eiben== 


75 

ro^Ietn."     (gg  tft  einfac^  unb  fel^r  leic^t  gu 

'otv\ttt)tn. 
^er  grofee  beutfd^e  !Did^ter  (Schiller  tft  gcl^Tt  3a{)re 

fpater  al^  ©oetlfie  geboren,  h3af)renb  ber  grofee 

gran^ofe,  9^apoleon  I.  (ber  @rfte),  stt)an3tg  ^al^re 

fpciter  al6  ®oet()e  ^ur  ilSelt  fam, 
SBann  finb  ba()er  (Schiller  unb  9^apoIeon  I.  ge* 

boren? 
iEBer  ift  ber  ciltefle  bon  ben  brei  berlilfimten  3)J(in* 

nern? 
SBer  ift  ber  jiingfte? 

iBar  ©driller  {linger  ober  alter  aU  ©oetl^e? 
ilBar  9^apoleon  L  ebenfo  alt  iDie  (Sd^iller? 

NOTE 
Make  a  list  of  all  the  strong  verbs  in  this  lesson. 


n:eununb3U)an3Tgfte  2lufgabe 

$eute  tDerbe  td^  3&nen  eine  furge  5lnefbote  t)ortragen: 

©bctmann  unb  (SJartncr 

©in  (Sbetmann  befuc^te  tnct^renb  grower  (Somnterl^i^e  feinen 
©arten,  (Ex  ging  barin  fpasieren  unb  befaf)  bte  bielen  bllibenben 
SBIumen  unb  ba^  SBaffer,  ba^  burd^  feinen  ^arf,  feinen  SBalb, 
flo^,  ^a  fanb  er  ben  Partner,  tnelc^er  feinen  ©errn  nid^t  er^ 
martet  l^atte,  unter  einem  ^aume  fd^Iafen.  SovniQ  ging  er 
auf  U)n  log  unb  rief:  „(S(^urfe!  !Du  liegft  l^ier,  anftatt  ^u  ar^ 
beiten;  bu  berbienft  nic^t,  bafe  bic^  bie  (Sonne  befd^eint!"  ^er 
Partner  antmortete  ruf)ig:  „3c^  n)ei6  ba^,  mein  §err;  bt^f)alh 
l^abe  ic^  mid^  in  ben  (Sd^atten  gelegtJ' 


76  beginners'   GERMAN 

5Serfte]^en  (Bk  biefe  Hnefbote? 
SSelc^e  ^Sorter  finb  S^mn  unbefannt? 
3)eutfd)Ianb   i)at   ^Burger   unb    ©bcttcutc,     ©ie 

?eute  t)on  I)o^er  ©eburt  fiei^en  (Sbelkute,    3?n 

5(mcrifa  gibt  e^  feitie  (Sbelleutc. 
Sotrnq  ^eifet  argerlid^  unb  tft  ein  ©egenteil  t)on 

553o  l^aben  iDir  9flu^  gerernt?   Hub  njo  rul^tg? 

^0  fiaben  tcir  fc^lofcn  ^e^aht? 

^0  bic  Stmnc  unb  td^  hjetfe?   iBo  S3  lumen? 

gragcn 

SBcr  bcfud^te  einmal  fetnen  @arten,  b»  1^,  U)cr  ging 

einrnal  in  fetnen  ©arten? 
5E3ag  tat  ber  Sbelmann? 
SSann  ging  er  in  feinen  ©arten? 
ilBol^in  ging  er  tt)af)xtnb  grower  (Sommerl^ifee? 
5E3ie  tear  ber  ©arten? 
SBa^  befal^  fic^  ber  (Sbelmann? 
SSen  fanb  er? 
SBo  tDar  ber  ©artner? 
ifiSar  er  auf  einer  iCSiefe  (meadow)? 
SSarum  berliefe  ber  (Sbelmann  ba^  §au§? 
SBarum  ber  @artner? 
SSer  tdav  ber  §err? 
SBeffen  Wiener  tvax  ber  ©artner? 
^tm  gel^orte  ber  '^axt  unb  atte^  barin? 
ilBa^  flir  ein  ©arten  h)ar  e^? 
5£3ie  fprac^  ber  (ibelmann  feinen  ©cirtner  an? 
SBol^er  n)iffen  ®ie,  bafe  ber  §err  sornig  n)ar? 
SBeffen  totiDort  tear  rul^ig? 

il!Bieberf)oIen  ®ie  ntiinblic^  bie  ganje  ©efd^id^te! 


beginners'   GERMAN  77 

i^efen  ®te  je^t  bte  5lnefbote! 
(Sc^reiben  <Sie  ba^  ©tile!  an  bie  ^afel! 
ai^orgen  merben  mir  ein  ^iftat  barilber  ]f)aben. 

Make  the  following  changes,  both  orally  and 
in  writing: 

1.  Change  the  singulars  into  plurals. 

2.  Substitute    other    prepositions    for    those 

given. 

3.  Change  the  tenses  given  into  the  present. 

4.  Change  the  tenses  given  into  the  perfect. 

5.  Change  the  tenses  given  into  the  pluper- 

fect. 

6.  Change  the  tenses  given  into  the  future. 

7.  Use  subordinating  conjunctions,   thereby 

changing  the  order  of  words. 

NOTE 

Declension  of  the  interrogative  pronoun. 

Nominative  tticr  ttJa^ 

Genitive  hJcffcil 

Dative  hjem 

Accusative  hJCtl  tOd^ 

How  do  you  decline  the  relative  pronoun  bcr,  btc,  \>(i^'^ 
Observe: 

(m.  ©in  (Sbelmann,  beffcn  Partner  WItef,  gltig  fpasicren. 
/.    (Sine  ©belfrau,  beren  Partner  fc^Itef,  gtng  fpa^teren. 
n.  Sin  i^rciulein,  be[[cn  (Partner  fd)Iief,  gtng  fpasteren* 

.   .  G.  (Sbelleute,  bercti  Partner  fc^Itefen,  gittgen  fpasteren. 
D.  (Sbelleute,  benen  bie  ©artner  folgten,  murben  sornig* 

The  relative  pronoun  is  never  omitted  in  German. 


78 

What  is  the  difference  in  declension  between  bcr,  blC,  ba^ 
as  definite  article  and  as  relative  (demonstrative)  pronoun? 
Illustrate. 

What  are  the  two  ways  of  introducing  subordinate  clauses? 
Illustrate. 

If  the  conjunction  is  omitted,  does  the  dependent  order 
remain  the  same? 

What  case  is  used  with  the  preposition  iDdl^tenb? 

WORD  FORMATION 

9JJan  gcfit  ctncn  (^ang,  SO^an  n)irft  elnen  SSurf, 

9}?an  ftngt  eincn  — .  Wan  trinft  einen  — » 

a^  flingt  ein  — ♦  Wan  fprid^t  einen  — . 

How  are  these  nouns  formed?    Of  what  gender  are  they? 


Dret§igfte  Jlufgabe 

In  giving  the  principal  parts  (bie  ©runbformen)  of  verbs, 
we  must  know  the:  i.  Present  Infinitive,  2.  Preterit,  3.  Past 
Participle. 

The  weak  (regular)  verbs  are  thus  given:  i.  lernen,  2.  lerntc, 
3.  gclernt. 

In  giving  the  principal  parts  of  strong  verbs,  we  have  to 
distinguish  seven  classes  of  verbs,  grouped  according  to  their 
root- vowel  change  (called  5lblaut)» 

Give  the  principal  parts  of  all  verbs  in  sentences  in  the 
third  singular  present,  preterit,  (future,  and)  perfect. 

E.g. 

er  finbet  ben  ©artner,  er  Iftuft  in  ben  Garten, 

er  fanb  ben  ©cirtner,  er  lief  in  ben  ©arten, 

er  h)irb  ben  Partner  ftnben,  er  iDirb  in  ben  ©arten  lanfen, 

er  ^ai  ben  ©artner  gefnnben;  er  ift  in  ben  ©arten  gelaufen. 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


79 


We  shall  classify  the  strong  verbs  into  one  of  the  following 
seven  classes: 


CLASS 

mFINITIVE 

PRETERIT      PAST  PARTICIPLE 

1 

ei 

i(ie) 

t(ie) 

2 

ie 

0 

0 

3 

i 

a 

u(o) 

4 

e 

a 

0 

5 

c 

a 

e 

6 

a 

u 

a 

7 

a  (and  other  vowels)  ie  (i) 

a  (and  other  vowels) 

Examples  taken  from  the 

preceding 

lessons 

: 

1. 

fd^retben, 

fc^rieb, 

gefd^riebcn, 

fd^treigen, 

— 

— 

fd^einen, 

— 

— 

bleiben, 

— 

— 

beifecn, 

m, 

gebiffen, 

gretfen, 

— 

— 

pfeifen, 

— 

— 

(ger)fd^neibcn, 

fd^nitt, 

gefd^nitten. 

2, 

riec^cn, 
frieren, 

tod^/ 

gerod^en, 

^ 

fliefeen, 

— 

— 

ttUefeen, 

— 

— 

3. 

(inQen, 
(t)er)[d^Iingen, 

fang, 

gefungen, 

ftnben, 

— 

— 

trinfen, 

— 

— 

beginnen, 

begann, 

begonnen* 

4, 

fprec^en, 

fprad^, 

gefprod^en. 

fterben, 

— 

— 

bred^cn, 

— 

■— 

l^elfen, 

— 

— 

• 

ftec^en, 

— 

— 

8o 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


nejmen, 

n(xi)tu.f 

gcnommcn, 

toerben, 

(toarb) 
h3urbe, 

ift  getoorben. 

(And)  f  ommen, 

font, 

ift  gefommen» 

5,    lefen, 

Ia«, 

gelefen, 

geben, 

— 

— 

treten, 

— 

— 

effen, 

a6, 

gegeffen. 

(And)  liegen. 

tofi, 

getegen, 

ft^en, 

fa6, 

gefeffcn. 

6»    tta^tn, 

trug, 

getragen, 

tT3af($en, 

— 

— 

tDa($fen, 

— 

— 

(fort)faf)ren, 

Wr  (fort), 

(fort)gefa5ren» 

7.    l^alten, 

W% 

ge^alten, 

fd^Iafen, 

— 

— 

faEen, 

— 

— 

(ber)Iaffen, 

— 

— 

fangen, 

Ptifi, 

gefangcn, 

f)eifeen, 

m, 

geiieifeen, 

laufen, 

Kef, 

ift  gelaufen, 

rufen, 

rief, 

gerufen, 

geJien, 

fitng, 

ift  gegangen. 

State  with  each  verb  where  it  occurred  for  the  first  time, 
i.e.  give  the  sentence,  as  far  as  possible. 

(a)  Form  sentences  of  your  own  with  the  preterit 

for  the  verbs  fd^trcifictt  to  f(^neiben. 

(b)  Form  sentences  with  the  perfect 

for  the  verbs  ^lei^ctt  to  ficgintien* 

(c)  Form  sentences  in  the  singular  present 

for  the  verbs  of  classes  4-7. 

Give  the  synopsis  of  a  verb  in  complete  sentences. 


beginners'   GERMAN  8l 

E.g. 

Present  —  i^  fd^retbe  meine  5(ufgabc* 

Preterit  —  bu  [d)rtebft  beine  Slufgabe. 

Future  —  er  tDirb  feme  5lu[gabe  fc^reiben* 

Perfect  —  n)tr  ()aben  unfere  ^lufgaben  gefc^rieben. 

Pluperfect  —  if)r  ^attd  eure  ^lufgaben  ge[d)rieben. 

Perf .  Cond.  —  [ie  tDiirben  ii)vt  Hufgaben  gefc^rieben  f)aben. 

Use  as  the  last  form  the  perfect  conditional,  and  not  the 
future  perfect,  as  it  is  scarcely  ever  used  in  common  speech. 

Apply  this  scheme,  or  any  variation  of  it,  orally  or  in 
writing,  to  all  the  verbs,  omitting  fc^cinctl,  flieftetl,  ftcrficn. 


€tnunbbrei§tgfte  2lufgabe 

§eute  tDcrben  iDir  eine  neue  ©efd^ic^te  burd^nef)men,  bic  fo^ 
genben  ^itel  fiat: 

^a§  tojthaxt  trauttctn 

S^d  3}Jagbe,  5(nna  unb  SD^artl^a,  gingen  na(^  ber  (Stabt, 
unb  jebe  trug  einen  fd^meren  ^orb  boll  Dbft  auf  bem  ^opfe, 
5lnna  murrte  unb  feuf^te  beftanbig,  "ifflavi^a  aber  lad^te  unb 
fc^er^te,  5lnna  fagte:  „SSte  magft  bu  nur  lad^en?  ^etn  ^oxb 
ift  ia  fo  fc^toer  H)ie  ber  metnige,  unb  bu  btft  nlc^t  ftcirfer  aU  i^J' 
Tlavti)a  fprac^:  „^u  f)aft  rec^t,  meln  ^orb  ift  fo  fc^toer  mte  bei 
beinige,  aber  tc^  l^abe  ein  gen)lffe§  ^rciutlein  ^ur  iBiirbe  gelegt, 
bal)er  fuf)le  ic^  fie  faum."  „(Ei"  rtef  5lnna,  „ha^  tnufe  ein  foft* 
bare^  ^rciutlein  feln,  ®ag  mir  bo(^,  toie  eg  l^eifet/'  Tlavtf)a 
anttoortete:  „^ag  foftbare  ^rautlein,  ba^  alle  ^aften  leic^ter 
mac^t,  l^eifet  —  @ebulb/'    9[)^erfe  btr,  Slnna,  unb  benfe  baran: 

„?eic^ter  trcigt,  ira^  er  aud^  tragi, 
ilSer  ©ebulb  pr  iBiirbe  legt," 


82  beginners'   GERMAN 

S3crfte{)cn  @ie  biefe  5lnefbote? 

SBa§  fonnen  <Bk  \tatt  sttjct  SJlagbe  fagen? 

SSa^  fiir  ein  ^orb  ift  ein  Stovh  t)oir  Obft? 

iSBa^  ift  aber  ein  Ob[tforb? 

Obft  ift  ba^felbe  n)ie  griid^te.    grUd^te  finb  Spfel, 

^imen,  "ipflaumcn  ufm. 
SSo  l^aben  mir  griicfttc  per  ft  gel^abt? 
©inb  reife  griic^te  meiften^  filfe  ober  fauer? 
JBcftanbig  fieifet  immer. 
SSie  iiberfe^en  ©ie  nur,  ja,  boc^? 

Sragcn 

SBie  l^eifet  btc  neuc  ©efd^ic^te? 

!Die  neue  ©efc^ic^te  f)ei6t .  ♦  ♦ 

ilSa^  ift  ber  3:itel  bcr  neucn  ©efc^id^te? 

SSobon  l^oren  mir  in  ber  neuen  ©efd^id^te? 

iCSelc^e  neue  ©efc^id^te  lefen  h)ir  jefet? 

SBol^in  finb  bie  9}^agbe  gegangen? 

(©ie  finb  in  —  ®tabt  gegangen, 

iS3ie  iDar  ber  ^orb,  fd^mer  ober  leic^t? 

5£3aren  bie  ^orbe  gleid^  fd^toer^ober  H)ar  ein  ^orb 

fd^tDerer? 
iESar  5Inna^  ^orb  fd^n)erer?   (5lnna^  =  ber  Hnna,) 
SSie  htnai)m  fid^  5lnna,  nnb  h)a^  fagte  fie? 
SBie  htm^m  fid&  ^avti)a,  unb  Xoa^  fagte  fie? 
^mpfanb    ober   fill^lte   5lnna   bie   ©d^tcere   ber 

SBiirbe? 
SSie  fieifet  ha^  foftbare  ^rciuttein? 

Icemen  ©ie  ben  (©prud^  au^iDenbig! 
ifiSieberl^oIen  ©ie  nun  bie  gan^e  ©efd^id^te! 
<©d^reiben  (Sie  biefelbe  an  bie  3:afen 


BEGESnSTERS'   GERMAN 


83 


Nominative  1 
Accusative  J 
Genitive 
Dative 


Give  a  synopsis  of: 
16)  ge^e  f)eute  in  bie  ®tabt 

©el^cn  is  really  an  irregular  strong  verb,  as  are 
fetn  XOQX  tft  gemefen 

fte^en  ftanb  Qeftanben 

tun  tat  getan 

Give  the  principal  parts  of  these  four  verbs 

in  sentences. 
Where  are  adverbs  of  time  placed?     Before 

other  adverbial  modifiers?— How  are  proper 

nouns  declined? 
What  can  you  say  instead  of  bcr  tnctmgc  and 

bcr  bcinigc? 
Of  what  is  5ur  a  contraction? 
Give  similar  cases  of  contraction. 
What  are  the  principal  parts  of  l^etftcn? 
Note  the  difference  between  l^ciften  and  the 

other  verbs  with  root- vowel  -el-. 
Change  all  preterits  into: 

1.  the  present  tense, 

2.  the  pluperfect. 

Rewrite  the  whole  story  by  substituting 
synonyms  for  as  many  words  and  expres- 
sions as  possible. 

NOTE 
Declension 

Singular 

bie  neue  ©efd^id^te 


Plural 
bie  neuen  ®ef(5t(5ten 


ber  neuen  ©efd^id^te 
ber  neuen  ^t\6)\6^it 


ber  neuen  ®efd^i(5ten 
ben  neuen  ©efd^ic^ten 


84  beginners'   GERMAN 

Decline  in  the  same  way  in  sentences: 

bie  faule  SD^agb,  bie  ficifeige  SWagb, 

biefe  grofee  ©tabt,  jene  fleine  ©tabt, 

iebe  fd^toere  2a\t,  iDeld^e  fd^mere  ^aft  (iBiirbe), 

Why  should  this  attributive  declension  be  called  weak? 

What  is  the  difference  between  it  and  the  so-called  strong 
declension  of  adjectives?    Illustrate. 

Change  in  the  following,  orally  and  in  writing,  the  plurals 
into  singulars: 

iV.    '^k  faulen  SD^agbe  finb  gu  §aufe. 

G.     !Die  9^ametx  ber  faulen  9}?agbe  finb  5lnna  unb  'SJlavt^a. 

D.     (Sr  gibt  ben  faulen  SJJftgben  !ein  ©elb. 

A.    3Sir  l)aben  geftern  bie  faulen  3}2agbe  in  ber  ^tabt  0efel)en» 


gtt)eiunbbrei§tgfte  2tufgabe 

^a)3  tagUcftc  Srnt 

3um  griil^ftlidf  befotnmt  ba^  beutfc^e  ^inb  ©emmer  unb 
33rot,  am  Sefttag  aud^  rt)of)I  ein  ©tlicf  ^uc^en»  .^uc^en,  ^em- 
mel  unb  «rot  badt  ber  mdtx  au^  mt%  ^a^  mcU  ma^t 
ber  SD^ilKer  an^  ilSeigen*  unb  au^  ^^oggenfornd^en;  btefe  fauft 
er  bom  i8auer»  !l)er  ^auer  bebaut  ba^  gelb  unb  fat  bie  fleinen 
©etreibeforner  l^ineln,  (Sin  SSeijen^^  unb  9toggenfornd)en  tft 
ein  fel^r  fleine^  ^tng,  noc^  fleiner  aU  ber  9^agel  am  fleinen 
ginger  eine^  fleinen  ,^inbe^.  (S^  ^at  eine  biinne,  trodfene 
(Sd^ate;  innen  ift  meifeeg  TltU,  unb  in  bem  Tlt'i)!  liegt  ein  ganj 
fleiner  ^eim,  ber  nid^t  grofeer  ift  al^  ein  ©tedfnabelfopf.  — 
^er  i^eim  fd^laft  im  ©etreibeforn  mie  ba^  Heine  ^inb  im  ^ttt 
Slug  bem  fleinen  ,^orn  ertuad^ft  aber  ein  §alm,  fo  ^od)  mie  ein 
SD^ann,  unten  mit  ^uv^dn  unb  iBlattern,  oben  mit  einer  Sl)re. 
3n  ber  fil)re  bilben  ftd^  tDieber  biele  neue  ®etreibefi)mer,    5lu^ 


85 

bem  einen  i^omc^en,  ba^  ber  ^auer  in  bk  @rbe  legt,  ftnb  il^rer 
t)iele  getDorben,  biel  tnel^r  aU  ein  ^inb  ginger  l)at  (Sinen 
©acf  boll  fat  ber  ^auer  tm  gruf)ia]^r  au^,  biele  (Bade,  bott 
bringt  er  tm  ^erbfte  tDteber  nad)  §aufe,  —  3)te  2tere,  g,  i8. 
bte  53ogeI,  bte  §enne,  bit  ®an^,  bie  ^u^  unb  ba^  ^ferb,  freffen 
bie  fleinen  ©etreibefomer  gem.  ^ie  fleinen  isomer  emci^ren 
aud^  grofee  ^eute,  felbft  ^atfer  unb  ^onige, 

9^ad^^.  SBagncr. 

SSelc^e  ^Sorter  Dcrftetien  Ste  ntd^t? 

^aig  f^riiMtiirf  ift  ba^  erfte  (gf[en  friii)  am  9D?orgen. 

iESa^  ift  ba^  IJ^ittageffen?  ba^  Hbenbeffen? 

^ic  ©emmel  ift  ein  ^rotd^en.    i£Ba^  ift  ein  ^rot* 

d^en? 
^ic  SSursetn  eine^  iBaume^  finb  in  ber  Srbe, 
^ic  S5ijgel  fliegen  in  ber  ^uft;  bie  @an^  fd^mimmt 

auf  bem  SBaffer.^ 
^a^  ifet  ba^  beutfc^e  ^inb  gum  grUMtlicf? 
SSorau^  tdixb  ba^  tagli(§e  iBrot  gemad^t? 
iSSo^er  fommt  ba^  SD^ef)!? 
(Sraa^len  ©ie  ba^  gauge  <3tiidf  nod^  einmal! 
^efen  <Bit  e6  nun! 
(gd^reiben  (Sie  e^  jefet  an  bie  SBanbtafel! 

Semen  8te  au^tticnbtg: 

!Der  Sanbmann  pflangt  mit  TIW  unb  9^ot 
!Dag  ^orn  filr  unfer  taglic^  ^rot, 
cSum  WiXlkv  toirb  ba^  ^orn  gebra(^t 
Unb  feine^  SD^e^I  barau^  gemac^t, 
^er  iBcicfer  nimmt  ba^  Tlt^  in^  ©au^ 
Unb  bcicft  im  £)fen  iBrot  barau^. 
!Die  ar^utter  ftreic^t  bie  Gutter  brauf, 
^ie  IJinber  effen  alle^  auf. 


86 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


NOTE 

Declension 

Singular 

Nominative  |  c   ^  -.  .      ^,  . 
.         , .      \oa^  Heme  ^mb 
Accusative   J 

Plural 
bie  fleinen  tinber 

Genitive          be§  fleinen  ^inbeg 

ber  fleinen  ttnber 

Dative            bcm  fleinen  ^inb 

ben  fleinen  tinbern 

Decline  similarly  in  sentences: 

ha^  grofee  torn,                        biefeg  melfee  $me]&t, 
bag  Heine  iBIatt,                        Jeneg  fd^n)arse  2)in9, 

jebeg  alte  3:ter, 

h)el(f)eg  iunge  ^ferb* 

Sa§  tut  ber  mdtx? 

SSag  tut  ber  ^miiller?    (gr  ma^It  ha^  mt% 

Unb  ber  moitx?   !Der  ar^aler  malt  bag  ^ilb. 

ilBag  tut  ber  ^auer? 

iS3ie  nennt  man  feine  grau? 

SSag  tut  ein  ^el^rer  ober  eine  ^el^rerin? 

SBa^  ein  ©d^reiber?  3)i(^ter?  @(^neiber?  ^ifd^Ier? 

!Der  9}?ann,  ber  ^iite  mac^t,  ift  ein  §utmac^er» 

2Bag  fiir  ein  9}Jann  ift  ein  (B(^uf)ma(§er?  ein  Uf)r^ 

mac^er? 
(Sin  U^nnad^er  luad^t  Ul^ren  in  ber  Ufirmad^er* 

tnerfftatte. 
SSir  nennen  bie  SBerfftatte  eineg  ^adterg  cine 

iBcicferei. 
2Bag  ift  eine  2:ifd^terei? 


WORD  FORMATION 

What  kind  of  nouns  does  the  nominal  suffix  -cr  form,  ex- 
pressing what?    Of  what  gender  are  these  nouns? 


beginners'   GERMAN  87 

What  can  you  say  of  the  force  of    the  noun-suffix  -in 
(Plural  -tnnen)  ?    Of  what  gender  are  these  nouns  ? 
How  about  the  suffix  -ct?    Of  what  gender? 
Make  a  list  of  the  feminine  nouns  with  the  suffixes: 

-ei,  -i)tit,  -Mi, 
-in,  -ftaft,  -ung, 
-ie,  -if,  -ion» 

Of  what  origin  are  the  last  three? 
What  neuter  suffixes  have  we  had?    Give  examples. 
How  do  you  translate  bicfcr  and  jcncr? 
Is  there  any  difference  in  English  between  the  use  of  the 
latter  and  the  former? 


Dretunbbrei^igfte  2lufgabe 

^tc  bcutfc^c  ^aifcrfamiKc 

tatfcr  mmm  L  (ber  ©rfte)  ift  fe^r  alt  geiDorben,  %U  er 
am  9,  max^  1888  ftarb,  mv  er  faft  91  3a^re  alt,  ha  er  am 
22,  ^ixvi  1797  geboren  tDurbe,  9^ac§  bem  3:obe  be^  erften 
§o]^en3oItem:=^alfer^  beftieg  ber  franfe  ^ronprins  ben  3:!)ron, 
511^  ^aifer  l^iefe  er  griebric^  III»  (ber  ^ritte),  @r  Wax  ber 
^tebling  be^  beutfc^en  3SoI!eg»  SJJan  nannte  tl^n  liberal!  nur 
„Unfem  gri^."  '^at)tx  tat  e^  bem  33oIfe  fo  tetb,  ba^  bem 
glneiten  beutfd^en  ^aifer  etne  fo  furje  9?egierung  befc^ieben  tioax. 
@c^on  nac^  99  ^agen  ftarb  er  am  15,  3nnt  1888,  — 3n  bem^ 
felben  3af)re,  in  bem  ber  erfte  beutfd^e  ^atfer  geftorben  mar, 
fal^  !Deutf(^lanb  anc^  ben  jtDeiten  l!^aifer  tn^  ®rab  ftnfen,  ^a^ 
Sa^x  1888  ^at  alfo  bret  beutfc^e  ^aifer  anf  bem  beutfd^en 
X^xoM  gefel^en,    3)er  brltte  beutfc^e  ^atfer  tft  2BiIf)e(m  II» 


88  beginners'   GERMAN 

^  tft  bcr  icfeiQe  f  aifer  unb  rcgiert  fcit  bcm  15.  3uni  1888. 
dx  ift  ber  ®o{)n  griebrid^g  III.  (beg  Written)  unb  ber  (gnfel 
SSil^elmg  I.  ^aifer  ilBilfielm  II.  iDurbe  am  27.  ^anuar  1859 
geboren.  T)k  beutfc^e  ^aiferin  fieifet  ^lugufte  35iftoria.  ^ie 
f)o]^en  ©Item  l^aben  fteben  ^Inber,  namlid^  fed^g  "iPrlnsen  unb 
eine  ^iprinaeffin.  ^er  tiltefte  ^rlnj  tft  ber  ^ronprina  griebrid^ 
ilBilfielm.    (gr  iDurbe  1882  geboren. 

Sragcn 

iD3ic  l^tefe  ber  erfte  beutfd^e  ^aifer,  unb  toie  alt 

njurbe  er? 
SBer  fam  nad^  bem  Xohc  beg  erften  beutfd^en  Rau 

ferg  auf  ben  3:^ron? 
iSBeffen  ^Biebling  tear  griebrid^  III.? 
SBar  bem  stDetten  beutfd^en  ^aifer  etn  langeg  ?eben 

befd^ieben? 
3n  iDeld^em  Sd^vt  \ai)tn  bte  ^eutfd^en  aud^  ben 

gtDetten  ^aifer  tng  ©rab  ftnfen? 
SSie  blele  f  aifer  rt)aren  alfo  tm  ^al^re  1888  auf 

bem  Xl^ron? 
ilSie  nannte  ba^  S5oIf  ben  franfen  griebrid^  III.? 
SBeld^en  taifer  f)aben  bie  ^eutfd^en  je^t?  iCSie  alt 

ift  er? 
iSSie  t)tele  ^inber  l^at  ba^  ie^ige  ^aiferpaar  (l^aben 

bie  ieijigen  ^ofiensoltern)  ? 

SBieberl^oIen  (Bk,  Wa^  ©ie  t)on  ben  beutfd^en  ^aU 

fern  gel^ort  l^aben! 
©eben  ©ie  bie  9^amen  ber  erften  ^aifer  an! 
?efen  (Sie  nun  bag  Sefeftlidf! 
©d^reiben  (Sie  eg  je^t  an  bie  2:afel  ober  ijielmel^r: 

i(^  iDerbe  eg  3imn  langfam  biftieren. 


beginners'   GERMAN  89 

!^a^  befannte  beut[(^e  9lattonatIieb  ift: 
^txi  bit  im  ©icgcrfranst 

^ie  erfte  @tropf)e  babon  lautet: 

§etl  bir  tm  ©iegerfrang, 
^errfc^er  be6  53aterlanb^! 
^eil,  ^aifer,  bir! 
%ii^l  in  be^  X'i)xont^  ®Iana 
^ie  l^olfie  SBonne  gan^: 
^kUinq,  be^  3Solf^  su  fein! 
$eil,  ^aifer,  bir! 

(Sie  merben  biefe  erfte  ©tropl^e  au^lDenbig  lemen! 

3efet  toollen  tDir  fie  fingen! 

<Bk  fentien  bod^  bie  SD^elobie  bon:  ilf 3;  Country  H  is 

of  Thee  unb  Go(/  save  the  King? 
5lIIe  brei  5^ationalf)t)Tnnen  l^aben  biefelBe  3)?eIobie, 
<Sie  t)erftef)en  bod^  al(e6? 
SESa^  fiir  ein  Gratis  ift  ber  (Siegerfran^? 
2Ba^  fiir  ein  Sanb  ift  ha^  3SaterIanb? 
©in  Siebling  ift  einer,  ber  geliebt  Juirb, 
SBag  ift  ein  ^ef)rling? 

NOTE 

Declension 

Singular  Plural 

Nom.  ber  beutfc^e  ^aifer  bie  beutfd^en  ^aifer 

Gen.  be§  beutfc^ett  ^aifer^  ber  beutfc^en  ^aifer 

Dat.  bent  beutf(f)en  ^aifer  ben  beutf(^en  ^aifem 

Ace.  bm  beut[(f)en  ^aifer  bie  beutfc^en  ^aifer 

Decline  likewise,  always  in  sentences,  as  oral  and  as  writ- 
ten work: 


90  BEGINNERS*   GERMAN 

ber  franfc  ^ronprins,  berfelbe  2tf)xtx, 

biefer  Qrofee  Siebling,  berjentge  ©driller, 

jener  mad^tige  ^()ron,  ber  meinige  [@o()n]. 

The  adjective,  when  preceded  by  the  article,  has  practi- 
cally always  what  ending? 

What  case  is  excepted  with  masculine  nouns? 

With  feminine  and  neuter  nouns,  of  course,  what  two 
cases  are  excepted? 

WORD  FORMATION 

SBtitbcrUc^  ^d^t  tele  ein  58ruber  ober  gleid^  ctnem  ^ruber. 
What  is  the  force  of  the  adjective-suflax  -licft  in  eltcrlid^, 
^3rin3li(^,  fc^mefterlic^,  tnannlid^,  hjciblid^? 


t>terun&t)ret§t9P:e  ^lufgabe 

^a^  ^eutft^c  9flci(S 

©eit  1871,  felt  bem  ^riege  mtt  granfretd^,  beftef)t  loieber 
ein  mftc^ttgeg,  einlQeg  !Deutfc^eg  $Held§,  ^Deutfd^tanb  ift  nid^t 
fe^r  grofe,  obtoolf)!  grower  al^  ^nglanb  ober  granfreid^.  3e= 
bod^  bie  ^Sereinlgten  (Staaten  t)on  9^orbamertfa  o^m  5lla^fa 
finb  14|  mat  grower  aU  bag  ^Deutfd^e  ^eld^,  5lber  !3)eutfd^- 
lanb  l^at  ungef(if)r  68  3}^lIUoTien  (SlntDofiner,  alfo  f  fotitet  h)ie 
ble  3Serelnigten  ©taaten,  !Der  iebe^malige  ^ontg  tion  ^reu= 
6en  ift  ^eutf d^er  ^atfer.  grill^er  lijurben  ble  ^eutfd^en  ^aifer 
tmmer  geh3af)It,  b, !),  nad^  bem  3:obe  elneg  ^eutfd^en  ^alfer^ 
iDal^lte  man  einen  neuen.^  3e^t  ift  bie  ^alfertDitrbe  aber  erb* 
Itd^.  ^er  t)eutige  !Deutfd^e  ^aifer  f)at  bie  ^ad^t  eineg  elntgen 
©eutfd^en  9^eid^eg  {)inter  fid^.  ^er  ^aifer  ift  ber  5Sertreter 
beg  9^eid^eg  tm  3Serfef)r  mtt  bem  5luglanb.  (gr  ift  aud^  ber 
oberfte  ^rteggi)err  unb  i8efe{)lg]()aber  ber  5lrmee  nnb  glotte* 


BEGINNERS'    GERMAN  9 1 

5Iber  er  f)at  nid^t  iDte  ber  ^ipraftbent  ber  53ereinigten  (Staaten 
ba^  9^ec^t,  ein  33eto  elnjulegen, 

!Da^  ^eutfd^e  dld^  ht\td)t  au^  26  emgelnen  (Btaaten;  bier 
babon  finb  ilomgreic^e,  namlic^  ^reufeen,  58at)em,  ©ad^fen 
unb  ilBurttemberg,  ^iefe  26  (Staaten  fenben  61  35ertreter, 
bie  t)on  ben  Sanbe^furften  ernannt  irerben,  nac^  ^Berlin,  ber 
§auptftabt  'iPreufeeM  unb  be^  ^eidie^.  !Die  61  3Sertreter 
bilben  sufammen  ben  Sunbe^rat  unter  bem  5Sorft^e  be^  Df^elc^^:* 
fanjler^.  Sefeterer  mirb  t)om  ^aifer  ernannt.  !Die  ^iirger 
tnt  Qan^en  2)eutf(^en  9^ei(^  t^'d^tn  397  5lbgeorbnete  in  ben 
SRetc^i^tag,  ber  ebenfaltg  in  ^Berlin  jufammenfommt.  2ltte  ^iir* 
ger,  bie  liber  25  ^al^re  alt  finb,  ertncii^len  biefe  SD^itglieber  be^ 
^eic^^tage^  auf  5  3cif)re,  in  gel)eimer  ^a%  !5)er  iBunbe^* 
rat  unb  ber  ^^eic^^tag  mac^en  @efe^e  unb  ftelten  bag  iBubget 
beg  3:)eutfc^en  ^Reic^eg  feft. 

T)k  grofeten  unb  tuic^tigften  (^t&btt  !Deutf(^Ianbg  finb  nad^ 
^Berlin:  Hamburg  an  ber  (gibe,  ^D^iinc^en  (bie  ©auptftabt  bon 
iBatjern),  ^eipjig  in  ©ac^fen,  ^regben  (bie  ^auptftabt  ©ac^^ 
feng),  ^oln  (Soln)  am  ^l^ein,  ^reglau  an  ber  £)ber,  granffurt 
am  9}^ain,  $annot)er,  Bremen  an  ber  ilBefer.. 

1  Qm  13. 3fa{)r{)unbert  gob  c3  fogar  ctnmal  cine  faifcdofc,  fd^rcdflid^c  3cit, 

Stagen 

(Seit  meld^em  S^al^re  beftel^t  ein  neueg  ^eutfd^eg 

^eid^? 
"Hflad)  tDelc^em  ^riege  tdav  ha^? 
§aben  (Sie  fd^on  bon  bem  beutfc^^fran^ofifd^en 

^rieg  gel^ort? 
SBie  bielmal  grower  finb  bie  53ereinigten  ©taaten 

aU  3)eutfc^ranb? 
i£3ie  ift  bie  beutfd^e  ^aifertriirbe  je^t? 
ilBie  fam  man  friilier  su  einem  ^aifer? 


92  beginners'  GERMAN 

SBelc^eS  finb  ble  9?e(^te  be§  ^Deutfd^cn  ^aifer^? 
2Bie  biele  (Staaten  gibt  e^  im  3)eutfc^en  9^eid^? 
9^ennen  @ie  bit  brei  grofeten  (Btaaten  mit  il^ren 

^auptftabten! 
3eigen  (Sie  biefe  ©tcibte  auf  ber  Cartel 
iSBie  t)iele  33ertreter  bilben  ben  ^unbe^rat? 
©inb  fie  QetDcililt  ober  emannt? 
SSer  ift  ber  33orft^er  be^  ^unbe^rat^? 
SBte  Diere  a^Jitglleber  be^  ^eid^gtagg  gibt  e^? 
SSerben  biefe  getncil^lt? 
^ann  ber  ^aifer  aKein  ©efe^e  madden  ober  allein 

ba^  ^ubget  aufftellen? 
SKeld^e  iDeiteren  etabte  unb  glUffe  !Deutfd§Ianbg 

fennen  (Sie? 
Sft  ^Deutfd^Ianb  tDit  bit  3Sereinigten  ©taaten  ein 

(Btaattnhunb,  ober  ift  e^  ein  iBunbe^ftaat? 
^at  ber  "iPrfifibent  ber  53ereinigten  Btaattn  a|)n= 

lid^e  ^ted^te  loie  ber  ^eutfd^e  ^aifer? 

SBergleid^en  (Sie  bie  beiben  2&nbtx  miteinanber! 
(Sd^reiben  ®ie  einen  Huffa^  bariiber! 

NOTE 
Declension 

N.  ein  ncuer  Golfer  tint  fc^recfUc^c  Sdt  tin  ^cutfd^cg  9?ct(^ 

G.  cinc«  ncucn  ^oifcrg  ciner  f(^re(fli(^en  3ett  eincg  !Deutfd^en  9Jet(|e8 

Z).  cincm  ncucn  ^aifcr  einer  fd^redlic^cn  B^it  cincm  •Dcutfd^cn  9?ci(^(c) 

^.  einen  neuen  ^aifcr  einc  fd^rcdflic^c  3sit  ein  ^cutfd^eg  dtti6) 

Why  is  this  declension  of  adjectives  called  at  times  mixed? 

Are  attributive  adjectives  in  the  comparative  and  super- 
lative declined  like  the  adjectives  in  the  positive  degree? 
Illustrate. 

Is  it  not  true  that  either  the  adjective  or  the  preceding 
element  (ber=  and  ein=words)  must  show  the  gender,  num- 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


93 


ber,  and  case  of  the  following  noun  which  it  modifies?    If 
so,  does  that  make  clear  the  forms: 

bcr  neue,  but  ein  neuct, 

ha§  neue,  but  ein  neue^? 

Decline  in  sentences,  orally  and  in  writing: 
ein  !Deutfd^er  J^aifer; 
eine  erblic^e  ^aiferttJiirbe;  mein  fd^oneS  SSaterlanb^ 

When  are  geographical  adjectives  capitalized? 

^iinfunbbret^tgfte  Jtufgabe 

(Review) 


SSteberl^oIung  ber  gangen  Hbieftitj^^efllnation: 


N. 


G. 


D. 


hex  ncuc  ^aifer 
ein  ncucr  ^aifcr 
beg  ncuen  ^aiferS 
cineS  tteucn  ^aiferg 
bem  ncuen  ^aifcr 
cincm  ncuen  ^aifer 
ben  neucn  ^atfer 
cincn  neuen  ^ai[cr 


Singular 

bte  fd^rcdlid^e  3cit 
etnc  fd^rccflid^e  ^cit 
bcr  fd^redflicficn  3cit 
etncr  fd^rcdflici^cn  3ctt 
bcr  fd^redlic^cn  3eit 
eincr  [c^rccflic^cn  3cit 
bic  fc^rcdEIid^c  3cit 
cine  fc^rcdflic^c  ^cit 


Norn. 


Gen. 


Dat. 


Ace. 


bag  bcutfd^e  tinb 
ein  bcutf(^C)8  ^inb 
bc8  beutfd^cn  ^inbe« 
etneS  bcutfcficn  ^inbeS 
bcm  bcutfc^cn  ^inb 
einem  bcutfc^en  ^inb 
has  beutf(|c  ^inb 
ein  beutfci^c;^  ^tnb 


Plural 
Qutcn 


bie 
(fcinc) 


ber    gutcn 
(feiner) 

ben    Quten 
(feinen) 


^atfcr 

3eiten 

^tnber 

taifer 

3etten 

ttnber 

faifern 

3eiten 

^inbern 

^L  '''*'"  I  leUcn 
>.  ^inber 


(feine) 


94 
2)le  erfte  ©tropl^e  beg  beutfd^en  9^ationattiebeg: 

^    ,  .  ^ic  SBac^t  am  9fl^cm 

lautet: 

^g  brauft  ein  $Ruf  tDie  Donnerl^att, 

iSSte  ©d^mertgeflirr  unb  ilBogenprall: 

3uin  D^^ein,  gum  D^l^ein,  aum  beutfc^en  9?]^em! 

fBtv  mill  beg  (Stromeg  filter  fein? 

!Oteb  33aterlanb,  magft  ruf)tg  fein, 

^kh  SSaterlanb,  tnagft  rulfiig  fein: 

geft  fte^t  unb  treu  bie  SSad^t,  bie  iESac^t  am  dl^dnl 

geft  Mt  unb  treu  bk  ^ai^t,  bie  iSSac^t  am  ^^^ein! 

5(m  gufee  ber  33orbertafeI  beg  9^ationaIbenfmaIg 
(^monumentg)  auf  bem  9^ieberh)alb  bei  ^iibeg- 
Ifieim  am  di^cin  ift  ba^  2kb  „3)ie  iCSad^t  am 
^f)ein"  eingegraben. 

3Serftef)en  (Sie  alte  ^Sorter? 

©in  ^rieger  trcigt  ein  (Sd^mert  an  feiner  linfen 
(Seite, 

5Die  iEBogen  bebeutet  bie  ^eEen* 

SSo  l^aben  mir  bie  SBettcn  gelemt? 

^ie  beutfc^en  ^rieger  merben  fiir  ben  9^f)ein  ftrei^^ 
ten;  fie  finb  balder  bie  filter  beg  ©tromeg* 

SSo  l^aben  mir  ru^ig  gejiabt? 

i£3o  l^aben  mir  treu  gelernt? 

ilBag  fiir  ein  §a(t  (sound)  ift  ber  ^onner!)att? 

iSSag  fiir  ein  ©eflirr  ift  bag  (Sc^mertgeflirr? 

i£3ag  fiir  ein  'iprall  (rebound)  ift  ber  SSogenprall? 

iESag  fiir  ein  ;?anb  ift  ba^  35aterlanb? 

Show  the  onomatopoeia  in  this  poem,  i.e.  the 
formation  of  words  to  imitate  the  sound  of 
the  thing. 


beginners'   GERMAN  95 

3efet  fingen  H)ir  ba^  J^ieb! 

giir  morgen  lemen  ©ie  eg  au^tDenbtg! 

NOTE 
Give  a  synopsis  of: 

eg  brauft^unb  eg  bonnert  fe{)r; 
i(5  fte{)e  am  offenen  genfter. 

Do  intransitive  verbs  of  posture,  i.e.  fl^Ctt,  Ixtqtn,  ftel^en, 
usually  take  the  auxiliary  fein  or  l^abett? 

Is  verbal  action  or  result  of  action  expressed? 

WORD  FORMATION 

dtu^iQ  x\t,  totv  (bie)  9?uf)e  ^at 
9Ser  ift  fiungrig,  burftig,  fteifeig,  mac^tig? 
Collect  all  the  adjectives  ending  in  -\Q,  and  show  the  force 
of  the  suffix. 

Give  the  adjectives  in  complete  sentences. 
SSag  man  e[[en  tann,  ift  ePar. 
SBag  ift  trinfbar,  prbar,  legbar? 
^0  f)aben  mir  tounbcrbar  ge()abt? 


5ed?sunbbret§tgfte  2lufgabe 

®  r  c  8  b  e  n,  ben  12.  iD?ars  1912. 

^ieber  greunb! 

!Delnen  augfuf)rlic^en  58rtef  t)om  28.  gebruar  l^abe  i^  emp= 
fangen.  3(^  banfe  ^tr  t)ielmalg  bafiir.  !Damtt  ^u  nic^t 
lange  auf  9^ac^ricf)t  su  tDarten  braud^ft,  rt)iE  i($  ^ir  fofort  ant:= 
tDorten.  3(^  ft*eue  mtc^  fef)r,  bafe  ^u  ung  balb  mit  ^einen 
©efc^tDiftern  befuc^en  tDirft.  ^n  ^eutfc^lanb  ift  eg  jebenfallg 
im  SUJai  am  fc^dnften.  3)af)er  ftngen  rt)ir  ^Deutfc^e  auc^  in  ber 
erften  @tropf)e  beg  Siebeg  „SSanberf(^aft": 


96 

„^cr  Tlai  tft  gefommen,  bie  Saume  fc^Iagen  au§, 
!I)a  bleibe,  iDer  ^uft  l^at,  tntt  (Sorgen  ju  ^au^! 
iBie  bie  SSoIfen  bort  n)anbern  am  ()irrtTnlifc^en  3^It, 
©0  ftel^t  aud^  mtr  ber  <Sinn  in  bie  toeite,  mitt  ^tlt" 

Hber  im  3?uli  unb  Huguft  l^aben  toir  auc&  fd^one^  SSetter 
tro^  t)ieler  ^eifeen  ^age,  SKir  merben  tnit  @u(^  biele  gugreifen 
in  bie  ilBcilber  unb  iBerge  untemel^men,  ©^  h)irb  ftc^er  foftlid^ 
h)erben»  iSSann  tDcrbet  3^x  benn  eigentlid^  nad^  (Suropa  ah^ 
reifen? 

9^un  (ebe  red^t  tool)!  unb  laffe  balb  ettDaS  Don  ^ir  Iioren, 
^itte,  empfiel^l  mid^  ^einen  lieben  (SItern*    3d^  toiinfd^e  ©ud^ 

®lU(f  unb  (Segen  altertnegen, 
Seberjeit  griebe,  greub', 

93?it  ^er^Iid^en  ©riifeen,  aud^  an  !^eine  ©efd^h^ifter,  berbleibe  id^ 

!Dein  treuer  greunb 

gri^. 
SBerftel^en  Bit  aUt^? 
5lu^fuf)rlid^  ^ti^t  lang* 
ilBa^  bebeutet:  bie  ^ciunte  fc^Iagen  au^? 
©ie  finb  jung  unb  f)aben  feine  (Sorgen.    (Bit  finb 

forgenfrei, 
'^a^  f)immtifd^e  3^It  ift  natlirlid^  ber  ^immeL 
3n  iDeld^em  ^onigreid^e  liegt  iibrigeng  ^re^ben? 
$aben  Bit  nun  alle^  berftanben? 

Sragcn 

SSann  ift  eg  in  ^eutfd^Ianb  ant  fd^onften?  SSarum? 
SKann  finb  bie  fd^onften  ^age? 
mt  ift  eg  oft  im  3uli  unb  5Iuguft? 
?emen  Bit  bie  erfte  Bivop^t  beg  Siebeg  SSanber= 
frfiaft  augmenbig! 


97 

(Stngen  (Sie:  ^er  Tlai  ift  gefommen  ufm, 
!i?emen  ®ie  auc^  ben  (Spruc^,  ben  man  gnt  p 
einem  ^elegramm  beriuenben  fann: 

„®Ilt(f  unb  (Segen 
Htlertoegen, 
Sebergeit 
griebe,  greub'.'' 

2t\tn  ®te  btefen  fc^onen  ^pvn^  bon  ber  9D^itte, 
ober  fangen  ©ie  mit  trgenb  einer  3^tle  an! 

(Sc^reiben  (Sie  biefen  unb  einen  ctl^nlid^en  iBrief ! 

SSa§  tut  man  mit  einem  ^riefe,  nad^bem  man  il^n 
gefc^rieben  l^at? 

Tlan  ftedft  ben  iBrief  in  einen  Umfc^Iag,  fd^reibt 
hk  5lbre[fe,  flebt  bie  mavft  auf,  fc^Iiefet  ben 
^rief  unb  h)irft  ii)n  in  ben  ntid^ften  ^aften, 

SBag  fiir  ein  ^aften  ift  ba^?  ^a^  ift  eine  iBrief^ 
marfe? 

5lbreffe:  $erm  Dr.  Hans  Schulze,  Hannover, 
Georgstrasse  38. 

Change  in  the  above  letter  the  pronouns  of 
familiar  address  (which  are  capitalized  in 
letters) 

1.  into  the  plural, 

2.  into  pronouns  of  conventional  address. 

3.  Change  the  masculine  into  the  feminine 

in  the  salutation  and  in  the  close. 

NOTE 

Which  case  is  used  after  banfen  and  antttjotttn? 
What  other  verbs  did  we  have  where  the  dative  is  used  as 
single  object? 


98  beginners'   GERMAN 

(SmpfaitQen,  empfet)Ien,  empfinben  are  the  only  three  verbs 
with  the  prefix  emp-» 

Where  is  the  accent  in  Utttcmc^mcn? 
Does  it  mean  here  to  undertake  or  to  take  (hold)  under? 
The  principal  parts  of  fangcn  and  em^jfaitgcn  are: 
fangen  ftng  gefangen 

cmpfangen  empfing  empfangen 

What  is  the  difference? 

Where  does  the  accent  lie?    Is  emp-  a  part  of  speech? 

Where  is  the  accent  in  the  verb  abrcifcn? 

Is  the  prefix  ah-  a  part  of  speech? 

Give  a  synopsis  of  bic  ^iir  jumac^en. 

E.g.     i^  mac^e  bie  Xixx  gu,  bu  tnad^teft  bie  ^Ur  gu  ufh). 

Is  the  prefix  separated  from  the  verb  in  the  simple  tenses 
of  normal  order?  Where  is  the  prefix  with  simple  verb  in 
dependent  clauses? 

How  is  the  past  participle  formed?    (gugcmac^tO 

What  case  do  prepositions  compounded  with  of  take  in 
German? 

E.g.         trofe  be^  f)sl6en  XaQt^,  in  spite  of  .  .  . 

iDegen  beS  ()ei6en  Xage^,  on  account  of .  .  . 


Siebenunbbret^igfte  2lufgabe 

^cr  treuc  ^unb 

(Sin  ^auftnann  l^atte  einen  §unb,  ber  fel^r  iDac^fam  unb  treu 
toav.  (Sinft  ritt  ber  .^aufmann  t)on  einem  ^avtk,  h)o  er  t)iet 
@elb  eingenommen  l^atte,  nac^  §aufe.  (Sein  @elb  l^attc  er  in 
einem  SJ^antelfad  ()inter  ftc^  auf  ba6  ^ferb  gefc^naltt,  ^er 
§nnb  marfc^terte  neben  i^m  f)er.  9^ac^  unb  nad^  aber  tcurben 
bie  D^temen  lofe,  ntit  benen  ber  Tlantti\ad  angebunben  tdav, 
unb  biefer  ftel  f)erab,  of)ne  ha^  e^  ber  ^aufmann  bemerfte. 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  99 

^er  §unb  aber  l^atte  eg  gefe^en  unb  fing  an  gu  mmfetn.  ^er 
^aufmann  fel^rtc  ftc^  ntd^t  barati.  1)a  ber  ^unb  nun  immer 
cirger  Bellte,  fd^Iug  tl^n  fein  §err  einlgemal  mit  ber  "i]3eitf(^e» 
2l6er  ber  treue  ^unb  f)orte  ntd^t  auf,  (Sr  fprang  an  bag  ^ipferb 
unb  s^rbife  t^m  faft  bie  gilfee,  bafe  eg  nic^t  metterge^en  follte, 
unb  ber  ©d^aum  ftanb  i^nt  bor  ber  (Sc^nauge.  9^un  bad^te  ber 
^aufmann,  fein  §unb  fel  toK  gemorben*  (Sr  fc^ofe  ifin  mlt 
feiner  ^iftole  nieber  unb  ritt  ineiter.  2llg  er  noc^  eine  ©trede 
geritten  tnar,  fii^Ite  er  f)inter  ftc§  unb  erf(^raf,  alg  er  feinen 
9D?antelfacf  bemttfete.  9^un  ritt  er  suriid  unb  fa^  ilberall  iBIut 
bon  feinem  §unbe,  ©nbltc^  fam  er  baf)in,  too  if)m  ber  ©elb- 
facf  entfalten  mar,  ^a  lag  fein  treuer  §unb  neben  bem  ©acfe, 
@r  mebelte  mit  bem  ^Sd^tnanse,  ledte  feinem  §errn  bie  §anb 
unb  —  ftarb, 

gragen 

^a^  filr  einen  §unb  Ifiatte  ber  ^aufmann? 

3eigte  ber  §unb  2reue? 

(Sr  l^atte  einen  felfir  —  unb  —  §unb. 

ilBo  f)atte  ber  ^aufmann  biel  @elb  eingenom= 

men? 
5Bar  er  p  gufe  ober  p  'iPferbe? 
SSann  ritt  er  nac^  ^aufe? 
SSo  'i)atk  ber  ^aufmann  fein  ©elb? 
iESag  gefd^al)  mit  ben  ^^iemen,  bie  ben  9}?antelfac^ 

Iflierten? 
^emerfte  ber  .^aufmann  ben  53erluft? 
SSufete  er,  ba^  er  fein  ®elb  berloren  {)atte? 
©elang  eg  bem  §unbe,  feinen  §erm  aufmerffam 

gu  madden? 
iSSoburd^  tDotlte  jener  biefen  aufmerffam  madden? 


lOO  beginners'   GERMAN 

SSomit  fc^IuQ  ber  ^aufmann  felnen  treuen  §unb? 
SBem  gel^orte  ber  treue  §unb? 
iCSag  tat  ber  §unb  mit  bent  "ipferbc?   SBarum? 
SBar  ber  §unb  toE  getnorben? 
iBarf  ber  ^aufmann  einen  ©tein  na(^  bem  §unbe? 
ifiSomlt  inurbe  ber  ^unb  niebergefc^o[fen? 
iSBann  bermifete  ber  ^oufmann  fein  ®elb? 
5C3a^  tat  er,  unb  ma^  faf)  er? 
SKie  fanb  er  f einen  treuen  ^unb? 
3ft  etn  §unb  nid^t  oft  treuer  aU  mand^e  Tltn^ 
fd^en? 

SBieber]()oIen  ^k  bie  ganje  ©efc^id^te! 
!2efen  ©ie  ha^  etild ! 
©c^retben  ®ie  bie  fur^e  ^rsdfilung  nieber! 
Change  the  text  by  using  the  perfect  tense. 
Change  subordinate  clauses  into  coordinate 
ones,  and  vice  versa. 

E.g.  Unb  biefer  fte(  ^evab,  o^nt  ba^  eg  ber  ^aufmann 
bemerfte  becomes:  fo  bag  biefer  l^erabfiel,  aber 
ber  ^anfmann  bemerfte  e^  nid^t. 

NOTE 

Does  the  German  use  the  possessive  adjective  with  nouns 
denoting  parts  of  the  body  or  of  clothing?    Illustrate. 

Where  is  the  accent  in  tnarfd)tcrtc,  marfc^tert? 

Where  in  bcmerltc,  cntfict,  crfc^raf,  gcprte,  tjermifitc,  serbtft? 

Do  verbs  with  unaccented  first  syllable  take  the  augment 
ge-  in  the  past  participle? 

Are  these  six  unaccented  prefixes  parts  of  speech 

be-     cnt-     cr- 
gc-     t)er-     set-? 


BEGINNERS     GERMAIN  TOT 

Give  the  principal  parts  of  the  above  six  inseparable  (un* 

trennbar)  compound  verbs. 

What  is  the  force  of  cnt-  and  of  jcr-?    Illustrate. 
The  principal  parts  of  the  following  verb  are: 

cmne]()men,  ttaf)m  ein,  eingenommen;  or  better: 

er  nimmt  ein,  er  na^im  ein,  er  h)lrb  einne()men,  er  l&at  cingc* 
nommen. 

Give  in  the  same  way,  orally  and  in  writing: 
anbinben  —  —  — 

er  fallt  l^erab,     er  fiel  l^erab,  er  Xoxxh  Jerabfallen,  er  ift  fierabgefaHen 
auff)dren  —  —  — 

h)eiterge{)en  —  —  — 

tiieberfc^iefeen         —  —  — 

burc^reiten  —  —  — 

Where  is  the  accent  in  these  verbs? 

Are  these  prefixes  parts  of  speech?    What  parts  of  speech? 

Are  there  in  English  also  separable  verbs?    Illustrate. 

Where  is  the  accent  in  iifierfe^en  meaning  to  translate? 

Where  is  the  accent  in  untemel^men  meaning  to  under- 
take? 

Where  is  the  accent  in  ttJteberl^oIcn  meaning  to  repeat? 

Are  compound  verbs  in  a  figurative  sense  treated  like  in- 
separable compound  verbs? 

Are  compound  verbs  in  a  literal  sense  treated  like  separable 
compound  verbs,  as  they  should  be? 

Does  not  the  same  difference  exist  in  English  with  vari- 
able prefixes? 

Compare,  e.g.,  to  undertake  with  to  take  under  (down), 

untemel^men  (()er)unteme]^men 

untema{)Tn  na()m  (^er)unter 

untemommen  (^er)unter0enoinTnen 

Illustrate  in  sentences  the  variable  prefixes:  burt^,  uhtt, 
unttx,  urn  unb  tt>tebcr  (I)iitter). 


W  •':»'••*::   t    beginners'  german 

E.g. 

In  bur(5Iaufen,  iiberfel^cn,  untemef)men,  umgel^en,  tDieberl^oIen. 

Observe  the  difference: 

2)er  ^aufmann  Derlor  fein  &dh,  o{)Tie  e«  gu  toiffen;  but 

ber  ^aufmann  Derlor  fein  ®elb,  o^nc  bafe  e^  ber  §unb  toufetel 

What  is  the  reason  for  this? 

Give  similar  illustrations. 


2ldjtunbbrei§tgfte  2tufgabe 

^cr  ^unb  mit  htm  glcifrfie 

@tn  §unb  l^atte  ein  ©tiirf  gleifc^  Gefto!)Ien  unb  Itef  batntt 
liber  etnen  fd^malen  ©teg*  S'n  bem  flaren  SSaffer  fal^  er  fein 
^ilb  nnb  metnte,  ha^  e^  ein  anberer  §unb  fei,  ber  aud^  ein 
®tu(f  gleifd^  im  SD^auIe  l^abe,  (gr  gebad^te  e^  il^m  gu  nel^men, 
unb  fo  fd^nappte  er  gierig  banac^,  !Da  entftel  ii)m  ba^  Sleifd^, 
ha^  er  l^atte,  unb  ba^  anbere,  ba^  er  l^aben  toottte,  inar  aud& 
tjerfd^tDunben, 

Semanb,  ber  ettca^  fttelfilt,  ift  ein  !Dteb, 

©in  ©teg  ift  ein  ilSeg,  ber  oft  iiber  SSaffer  flil^rt 

$unbe   unb   al(e  ^tere    ^ahtn   ein   Tlaul;    fie 

freffen* 
SSa^  ^aben  bie  SD^enfd^en?    greffen  fie? 
2Bag  ift  gierig? 
^erftel^en  <Sie  je^t  bie  einfod^e,  tnoralifd^e  (^viaf)- 

lung? 

S?ragen 

iE3ag  l^atte  ber  §unb  geftol^len? 
iE3a^  tat  er  barauf  ? 

SBorliber   lief   ber   §unb   mit   bent   geftol^Ienen 
gletfc^e? 


beginners'   GERMAN  IO3 

SKa§  tvhMtt  er  in  bem  flaren  SSaffer? 

^0  faS  er  fein  SBitb? 

3Ba^  glaubte  ober  meinte  er? 

SBa^  tooltte  ber  ^unb  bem  anbern  §unbe  nel^men? 

Hub  toa^  tat  er  ba^er? 

ilBarf  ber  §unb  fein  ©tild  gleifc^  meg,  ober  entfiel 

e^  U)m? 
58efam  er  ba6  siDeite  @tii(f  gletfc^? 
^atte  ber  §unb  fein  (Stiicf  gleifd^  berloren,  tx)enn 

er  nid^t  fo  gierig  getDefen  tocire? 
SBa^  lemen  H)ir  an^  biefer  fleinen  ®efd^i(^te? 

(Sr^ctl^Ien  ©ie  bie  fteine  2:ierfabel! 
!Oefen  @ie  biefelbe! 

Unb  n)ieberf)olen  (Bit  biefelbe  fd^riftlid^! 
©d^reiben  ©ie  bie  ©efc^id^te  nod^  einmal 

L  int  "ipiural  be^  ^erfeft^, 

2,  int  *iprafen^. 
(gr  gebad^te  e^  il^m  gn  nefimen,  ift  ba^felbe  h)ic: 

er  befd^Iog,  bafe  er  e^  il^nt  nef)nten  tdolk. 


NOTE 

Subjunctive 

(^onjunftit)) 

PRESENT 

PRETERIT 

ic^  ^aht 

ic^  mt^ 

bu  ^abcft 

bu  f)atteft 

er  (fie,  e^)  ^abc 

er  (fie,  e^)  f)atte 

tt)ir  {)aben 

h3ir  l)atten 

i()r  fiabet 

if)r  Uttd 

fie  f)aben 

fie  ()atten 

What  vowel  figures  in  every  ending  of  every  subjunctive 
form,  with  the  exception  of  16)  (er)  fei? 


104  beginners'   GERMAN 

Are  the  subjunctive  forms,  used  in  the  story,  employed  in 
direct  speech? 

If  not,  change  the  indirect  discourse  into  direct  statements. 

Is  there  a  so-called  sequence  of  tenses,  or  is  the  same 
tense  used  in  indirect  discourse  which  was,  or  would  be, 
used  in  direct  speech? 

Is  the  stem-vowel  of  the  present  subjunctive  modified? 

How  about  the  preterit  subjunctive?      Of  all  verbs? 

Conjugate  in  full,  changing  the  direct  speech  into  indirect 
speech: 

S)er  Sel^rer  fagte:  (idfi  bin  faul) 

bu  bift  faul  ufh). 

E.g. 
^er  !2ef)rer  fagte,  bafe  td^  faul  fet  (tnare)  ober  x6)  fet  faul, 
hd^  bu  faul  fe{(e)ft  (mareft)  ufh). 

Also  change  the  direct  question  into  indirect  question: 
SOIein  SSater  fragtc  tnid^:  §aft  bu  beine  ^ufgabe  gemad^t? 

l)at  er  feine  ^ufgabe  gemac^t?  ufn)» 

Mtxn  33atcr  fragte  tnid^,  ob  \6)  meine  Hufgabe  fiemad^t  l^tttte 

bein  33ater  fragte  bic^,  ob  bu  beine  Hufgabe  gemac^t  l)abeft 
ftatteft),  etc. 

Generally  in  the  subjunctive  those  forms  are  used  that  difer 
from  the  respective  indicative  forms. 

What  is  the  conventional  form  of  the  imperative  in  reality, 
e.g.  felen  Ste  aufnterffam? 

Is  there  any  imperative  in  the  third  person? 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  IO5 

Iteununbbret^igfte  2Iufgabe 
Xtxl  eine^  S3riefe^  tJon  ©oct^e  an  ©(fitter  in  ^tna 

SScimar,  ben  4.  (September  1794. 

92ac$ftc  SSo(5e  qei)i  ber  §of  nad^  (Sifenad^,  unb  tc^  merbe  14 
^age  fo  allein  unb  unabl^cingig  fein,  trie  td^  fo  balb  nid^t  tt)ieber 
t)or  mir  fel^e.  iSSollten  (Sie  mtd^  nid^t  in  biefer  3^it  befud^en, 
Bei  mir  n)of)nen  unb  bleiben?  ®ic  n)iirben  jebe  5(rt  t)on  Hrbeit 
rul^ig  borne^men  !onnen.  SSir  befprcid^en  un^  in  bequemen 
©tumben,  fallen  greunbe,  bie  un^  ant  dl)nlid^ften  gefinnt  Mvtn, 
unb  miirben  nid^t  ol^ne  5^u^en  fd^eibcn,  ®ie  foKten  gang  nad& 
3f)rer  5lrt  unb  SSeife  leben  unb  ftd^  toie  gu  §aufe  moglid^ft  ein:= 
rid^ten*  !Daburd§  iDlirbe  id^  in  ben  (gtanb  gefe^t,  3f)nen  t)on 
meinen  (Sammlungen  ba^  SSid^tigfte  gu  geigen,  unb  mefirere 
gctben  tDiirben  fid^  strifd^en  un^  anfniipfen.  iBom  14.  an 
loUrben  (Sic  ntid^  gu  3^rer  ^lufnal^me  bereit  finben. 

^i^  bal^in  Derfpare  id^  fo  mand^e^,  bag  id^  gu  fagen  l^abe,  unb 
tDiinfcfie  inbeffen  red^t  tDol^I  gu  leben. 

Seben  (Sie  red^t  h)o!)l,  unb  griifeen  (Sie  bie  3f)rigen. 

©octl^c. 

33ierse!)n  ^age  finb  giuei  SSo(^en,  aber  „ad^t  2^age" 
ift  im  ^eutfd^en  ba^felbe  h)ie  eine  iBodie.  ^ar= 
-urn? 

©cfinnt  ift  ein  5lb}eftib  t»on  bcr  ©inn.  iBag  finb 
iebod^  bie  ©runbformen  bon  finnen? 

SSag  nic^t  of)ne  9^u^en  ift,  ift  nil^Iid^. 

SSa§  of)ne  9lul^en  ift,  ift  nu^lo^. 

Sffiag  ift  enblog,  finnlo^? 

5116  ©oet^e  biefen  ^rief  an  ©chiller  fd^rieb,  inar 
biefer    ^rofeffor    an    ber    Uniberfitat    Sena. 


I06  beginners'   GERMAN 

®octf)e  tear  in  ber  9^af)e,  am  $ofe  beS  gM^cn 

^arl  5luguft  in  ^eimax. 
^eigen  <^k  S^na  unb  iSSeimar  auf  ber  Cartel 
SBie  alt  toavm  ©oetl^e  nnb  ©driller  im  3o.f)xc 

1794? 

gragcn 

SSe^tDegen  toottte  ®oet]()e,  bag  (Sd^ittcr  il^n  bom 

14,  U^  27»  (September  beMen  folte? 
SBo  fotlte  Sd^ilter  iDol^nen  unb  bleiben? 
iESag  tooaten  fie  tun? 

SBa^  it)oIlte  ©oetl^e  feinem  greunbe  seigen? 
ilBarum  fc^rieb  er  nid^t  mel^r? 
SSlinfd^te  ©oetl^e,  ha^  ©driller  fame? 

iEBieberl^oIen  ©ie  hm  ganjen  ^rief ! 

!2efen  (Sie  il^n! 

3e^t  h)erbe  id^  il^n  ^l^nen  biftieren! 

(Sd^reiben  ®ie  einen  cif)ntid^en  ^rief ! 

Rewrite  the  letter  from  SSoKten  Sic  to  citi* 
ric^ten  substituting  hJiirben  for  every  sub- 
junctive. 

Rewrite  the  letter  using  the  familiar  form 
of  address. 

Rewrite  the  letter  omitting  all  subjunctives. 

NOTE 

What  is  the  force  of  the  subjunctives  tOoUttn,  BefprSd^etl, 
fa^cn,  fottten? 

Is  the  stem-vowel  (a,  o,  u)  of  the  preterit  subjunctive 
modified  in  the  strong  verbs? 

How  about  the  weak  verbs? 

If  not,  do  not  the  preterit  forms  of  the  indicative  and 
subjunctive  of  regular  weak  verbs  coincide? 


beginners'   GERMAN  IO7 

What  is  the  force  of  the  subjunctive  gcfinnt  ttjatcn? 

What  does  the  subjunctive  id^  njiinfc^te,  bafe  er  fame,  ex- 
press? 

Does  the  subjunctive  state  facts  or  ideas? 

Give  illustrations,  orally  and  in  writing,  in  which  the 
subjunctive  expresses : 

1.  an  ideal  condition, 

2.  possibility, 

3.  wish  or  exhortation, 

4.  indirect  statement  or  indirect  question. 
SSa^  tDilrben  ©ie  tun,  rt>enn  (Sie  ()eute  frei  ()atten? 
3c^  Mrbe  [pasieren  gef)en,  tioenn  id)  f)eute  frei  f)(itte; 

bu  iDiirbeft  fpajteren  9e()en,  njenn  bu  l^eute  fret  ()atteft  uftt). 

Conjugate  this  in  full,  then: 

SSenn  ic^  f)eute  frei  ^attt,  milrbe  i(^  auSgel^ien; 
and  finally: 

§(itte  i($  f)eute  frei,  fo  tuiirbe  ic^  au^gef)en. 

Take  the  same  sentence  in  the  three  formations,  and  con- 
jugate it  in  the  compound  tenses. 

E.g. 

3(^  JDiirbe  fpajieren  gegangen  fein,  toenn  i^  frei  Qti)aht  ficttte  ufrt). 


Pierjigfte  2lufgabe 
^ic  ©cftutcn 

^ie  (B(^ukn  ftnb  offentlic^e  ©ebaube.  ^te  @tabt  l^at  fte 
fiir  bte  3ugenb  bauen  laffen.  3)ie  (Sc^iiler  unb  (Sd^iilertnnen 
fonnen  unb  follen  etmag  barin  lernen.  5IIIe  ^Inber  miiffen  mtt 
6  3ai)Xtu  in  bte  (Sc^ule  gef)en.  3ebe6  ^inb  mufe  bie  ©ci^ule  8 
^cil^re  befuc^en.  ^ter  iDirb  e^  tm  ^efen,  ©dfireiben,  9?ec^nen 
uftt).  unterrtd^tet.  Sluc^  mlE  bie  ©c^ule  f)elfen,  ba^  ^tnb  gu 
einem  orbentllc^en  9D?enfd^en  gu  erste!)en. 


I08  beginners'   GERMAN 

3n  ben  35oIf§f(^uten  luirb  bag  gelel^rt,  irag  jeber  Tltn\d)  tm 
iOeben  njiffen  nxufe. 

3n  ben  ]f)oI}eren  ©c^ulen  folten  bte  ^inber  nod^  mel^r  lemen. 
3ebe6  ^inb  ntufe  eine  ^Solf^fd^ule  befuc^en,  menn  eg  in  feme 
anbere  ®c^ule  gelfit.  ©g  gtbt  auc^  ^rbatfd^ulen,  ble  man  be- 
fnc^en  barf  ober  mag,  T)k  l^oc^fte  ©d^ule  ift  bte  ©oc^fdjnle 
ober  bie  Uniderftttit.  ^ie  (Sd^iiler  ber  llnit)erfttaten  f)ei6en 
©tubenten,  2luf  ber  Unberfitcit  ftnbieren  bie  jungen  J^ente, 
tt)elc§e  $Rid^ter,  Srgte,  ^farrer  ober  2t^vtv  tDerben  lt)oIIen» 

Sragcn 

SBag  fiir  ©ebaube  (^anfer)  finb  bie  (Sd^ulen? 

gur  njen  ^at  bie  (Stabt  fie  gebaut? 

giir  it)en  {)at  bie  (Stabt  fie  bauen  laffen? 

9}?iiffen  alle  ^inber  in  bk  ©(^u(e  ge]()en? 

iSBie  range? 

SSag  lernen  fie  in  ber  ^d^ule? 

iBiffen  ®ie,  irag  bie  8(^nle  anc§  nod&  toiU? 

53Ko  lernt  man  biel? 

3^n  n)el(^en  (Sd^ulen  lemt  man  mel^r? 

Unb  IDO  lernt  man  am  meiften? 

©ibt  eg  anc^  ^ribatfc^nlen? 

^arf  man  biefe  befnc^en? 

iBag  fttr  Seute  ftnbieren  auf  ben  Uniberfitciten? 

9^ennen  ©ie  einige  grofee  amerifanifd^e  Unit)erfi=^ 

taten! 
^ennen  (Sie  aud^  bie  9^amen  bon  einigen  ber  21 

beutfc^en  Uniberfitciten? 
^ie  fiol^eren  ©d^ulen  njerben  in  Hmerifa  high 

schools  genannt. 
3ft  eine  amerifanif($e  high  school  bagfelbe  trie 

eine  bentfc^e  §o(^f(^nle?    ilBarum  nid^t? 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  lOQ 

©agen  (Ste  nun,  mag  @ie  liber  bte  ©c^ulen  toiffen! 
^efen  (Sie  ben  furgen  5luffafe  bartiber  in  3lE)t*em 

iBnd^e!. 
(Sd^relben  <Sie  ettca^  barilber,  unb  nennen  <Stc 

etnige  33oIfgf(^ulen,  high   schools  unb  Unt* 

Derfttaten,  —  ^efd^reiben  <Sie  auc^  bie  Sage  ber= 

felben! 

NOTE 
What  is  the  difference  between  toiffcn,  fctinen,  and  fijnnctl? 

E.g. 

SSiffen  ©ie,  n)a§  ©ie  in  ber  ©c^ute  tun  ntiiffen? 
Nennen  ©ie  alle  2t^xtx  unb  !2el)rerinnen  3^rer  @($ule? 
^onnen  @ie  [c^on  ein  menig  3Deut[c^  fpredden?    Give  three 
illustrations  of  your  own. 

MODAL  AUXILIARIES 

fonnen  bUrfen  follen 

mogcn  miiffen  tuoKen 

PRESENT  INDICATIVE 

1(5  !ann      x^  mag      ic^  barf       ic^  mufe       i^  foil      tc§  tt)iU 
bu  fannft        —  —  —  —  — 

er  !ann       er  mag       er  barf       er  mufe       er  foH       er  tuitt 
iuir  fonnen  mir  mogen  h)ir  biirfen  txiir  miiffen  irir  folten  tcir  tooEen 
xi)v  fount  —  —  —  —  — 

fie  fonnen         —  —  —  —  — 

How  is  the  singular  present  of  modal  auxiliaries  formed? 
Like  which  tense  of  the  strong  verbs? 
Can  you  conjugate  the  modal  auxiliaries  in  English?    In 
German? 

Could  they  be  called  defective  in  English? 


no  BEGINNERS     GERMAN 

What  are  the  English  equivalents  for: 

fonnen  (ic^)  fonnte  gcfonnt 

inogen  moc^tc  gemod^t 

biirfen  burftc  geburft 

Tniiffen  mufetc  gemufet 

fotten  folltc  gefottt 

hjollcn  h)oEtc  getDottt 

Is  there  an  Umlaut  in  the  preterit  and  past  participle? 

How  about  the  preterit  subjunctive? 

What  do  the  following  expressions  mean  in  English? 

1.  3d&  fann  nidjt^  bafiir, 

2,  SDu  tnod^teft  e«  tt)o^I  tciffen? 
3»  !5)arf  i^  (Sie  barum  bitten? 

4.  @r  mu6  {)eute  fort  nac§  2)eutf(i^lanb» 

5.  2Sa^  foil  bag? 

6.  @te  foH  fel^r  rct(5  getDefen  fem» 

7.  SBag  h)olkn  ©ie  bamit  fagen? 

8.  a^  fel  bent,  h)ie  if)m  hjolte. 

9.  (Sr  toeig  nid^t,  n3a§  er  toitL 

SBo  {)aben  toir  ttJai^  foil  t§  unb  cr  njcife  ntc^t,  tt)a§  cr  luitt  ge{)abt? 
Rewrite  the  piece  by  changing  every  singular  into  the 
plural  and  vice  versa. 

(Einunbt>ter3tgfte  2lufgabe 
(BU  mxi  SScite 

(S^  gtng  auf  ben  Hbenb  su,  !Da  tarn  ein  frember  9D?ann  auf 
ber  !2anbftra6e  f)ergefaf)ren,  ber  mufete  grofee  @ile  l^aben,  benn 
er  I)ieb  auf  feine  "iPferbe,  bafe  fie  laufen  tnufeten,  mti)v  al^  fie 
mod^ten.  Unb  bem  SSagen  tat'g  aud^  ntd^t  gut;  benn  ber  SSeg 
niar  fteinig  unb  uneben*  511^  aber  ber  SD^ann  einen  SSanberer 
einliolte,  ber  gu  gu^  einl^ergtng,  f)telt  er  etJDa^  an  unb  rief: 
„®uter  greunb,  faun  ic^  n)o{)(  nod^  in  bie  ^taht  fommen,  e^e 


beginners'   GERMAN  III 

c^  9^a(^t  tioivh?"  —  ^er  iBanbcr^mann  fa§  bte  fexid^enben 
^ferbe  an  unb  ben  SSagen  unb  ben  SSeg  unb  fagte:  „3a,  iDenn 
3^r  langfanter  fal^ret.  3c^  ^tlt  ttud^  noc^  bal^in,"  3)a  bad^te 
ber  anbere:  „^ag  ift  ein  reciter  ^avvl  3e  fc^neller,  befto  ef)er!" 
unb  rannte  mit  fetnem  ifiSagen  hjeiter  bem  gufeganger  borau^, 
5(1^  aber  biefer  feine^  ©d^ritte^  eine  ©tunbe  iDeiter  gegangen 
unb  e^  fd^on  siemltd^  bunfel  tioav,  \ai)  er  eine  ^utfd^e  am  SBege 
Itegen.  3)te  ^utfd^e  tarn  ii)m  befannt  t)or,  unb  ben  9}2ann,  ber 
baneben  ftanb  unb  auf  feme  amten  ^ferbe  unb  auf  ben  fd^Ied^ten 
SBagen  fd^tmpfte,  erfannte  er  auc^  mieber*  „®uter  greunb/' 
fprac^  er,  „i(i)  l^ab'^  dufi)  h)o]^r  gefagt,  36^^  pttet  langfamer 
fal^ren  folten,  3§r  burftet  nid^t  fo  fd^nell  faf)ren.  3^  mufe 
@ud^  nun  elnen  iCSagen  l^erau^fenben,  toenn  id)  in  bte  ©tabt 
fontme/' 

H(^  ber  Jufegcinger  am  folgenben  Tlov^tn  tm  ©aftl^aufe,  h)o 
er  gefd^Iafen  l^atte,  auftDad^te  unb  jum  genfter  l^inau^fal^,  fam 
langfam  unb  lal^m  ein  iSSagen  bafier,  ^en  fannte  ber  iSSan- 
bergmann,  unb  e^  taten  if)m  nur  bie  ^ferbe  leib,  bie  Uber  9^ad^t 
nid^t^  gefreffen  l^atten, 

me  iiberfefeen  ®ie  „©ile  mit  SBeile"? 

^emanb,  ber  @ile  ^at,  ift  eilig* 

@in  ^eg,  ber  ©teine  l^at,  ift  — ? 

^it  iiberfe^en  @ie:  t^  tut  tntr  and)  ntciftt  leib? 

iSSa^  tut  ein  ^anberer? 

^0  l^aben  tdiv  ttianbcnt  gelemt? 

^a^  fiir  ein  SD^ann  ift  ein  gufeganger? 

®inb  ber  SSagen  unb  bie  ^utfcfte  ba^felbe? 

Ba^  tut  ein  SSagner? 

^0  f)aben  mir  e^  bunfelt  gel^abt? 


112 


gragcn 

SBar  eg  fci^on  5lbenb,ober  ttymhe  e«  erft  Hbenb? 

SBer  fam  auf  ber  ^Oatibftrafee  gefaf)ren? 

2Bag  tat  ber  3[)^ann?   SSarum? 

iBar  ber  ilSeg  fteinlo^  unb  eben? 

ilBeTi  traf  ber  frembe  S^iann? 

iEBar  biefer  gu  ^ferbe? 

SBanntDoIIte  ber  SD^ann  in  bag  nSd^fte^orf  fomtnen? 

SKoKte  ber  iSSanbergmann  aud^  nod^  bal^ln? 

SKag  fagte  er? 

ilBte  lautete  bie  5lnttt)ort  beg  gufirmanng? 

ilSartete  ber  9[)?ann  auf  ben  iSSanberer? 

gul^r  jener  balb  ah? 

3)unfelte  eg  fc^on,  atg  ber  SBanberer  etne  ^utfd^c 

im  SSege  liegen  fal^? 
^annte  er  ben  iCSagen  unb  ben  ^ann? 
SSag  tat  biefer? 
SSar  er  somtg?   SKarunt? 
SSen  mugte  ber  SSanberer  pm  gul^mxann  fenben? 
SSann  unb  tiok  tarn  ber  iESagen  enblic^  an? 
SBarum  taten  bem  gufe ganger  bk  ^ferbe  leib?. 
3ft  eg  ber  TM)t  toert,  ftd^  gu  fel)r  su  beellen? 
^o^nt  eg  ftc^? 

@rsaf)(en  (Ste  bie  gan^e  ®efc^i(^te! 
^efen  ®ie  biefelbe  laut  bor! 
©c^reiben  (Sie  je^t  eine  5(rbeit  bariiber! 
(gr^al^Ien  <Bk  hk  ®ef(^i(^te  guerft  alg  gufjmxann, 
bann  alg  ilBanberer! 

NOTE 

How  is  the  present  participle  formed? 
How  is  it  declined? 


"3 

Illustrate. 

Note:       id)  treife,  bu  njeifet,  er  meig,  njir  n)iffen,  etc. 
h)iffen,  mufete,  getcufet. 

Give  the  principal  parts  of  ttJtffcn  in  sentences. 
Is  there  any  similarity  between  the  conjugation  of  xtfy  todft 
and  some  other  verbs? 

Is  there  any  difference  between: 

ficfien  ©ic  ^in,  and 

fommen  ©ie  l^cr?    What  is  it? 

How  do  you  distinguish  between  the  conjunctions  toatttt, 
totnn,  aU?    Illustrate. 

Are  verbs  of  motion  always  expressed  after  modal  aux- 
iliary verbs?    Illustrate. 


A'hy  are 

fennen 

Brcnncn 

fenben 

nennen 

rennen 

hjenben 

bringen,  hxa^tt,  gebrac^t 
benfen,  ba(i)U,  gebad^t 

irregular  weak   verbs?      Why    are    they    sometimes    called 
mixed  verbs? 

Give  their  principal  parts  in  sentences. 

Note  the  difference  between: 

t(^  l^atte  e^  gcfottt,  and 
ic^  l^cttte  eg  tun  foKen. 

Illustrate  the  use  of  the  two  past  participles  of  all  aux- 
iliary verbs  of  mood  by  original  sentences. 

Give  the  synopsis  of  all  modal  auxiliaries  as  follows: 

t(^  barf  meinen  ^^reutib  beWen, 

bu  bur[te[t  beinen  i^reuub  beMen, 

er  tDirb  [einen  i^reunb  be[ud}en  biirfen, 

toiv  bciben  unfere  ^^reunbe  be[ucf)en  biirfen, 

ibr  bctttet  eure  ^reunbe  be[ud)en  biirfeu, 

[ie  tBiirben  ibre  greunbe  t^ahtn  befud)en  biirfen. 


114  beginners'  GERMAN 

Change  the  direct  questions  or  statements  in  this  story 
into  indirect  ones. 

Rewrite  the  whole  story  by  changing  the  preterit: 

1.  into  the  perfect  tense, 

2.  into  the  present. 


grt)eiunbr>kr3tgfte  ^lufgabe 
^tci  Srcutibe 

©in  Tlann  \)attc  bret  greunbe;  gtt)ei  Don  il^nen  Itebte  er  fel^r; 
ber  britte  iDar  U)m  gleld^gilltig,  obh)of)I  biefer  e^  am  ef)rltd§ften 
tnit  ii)m  meinte.  (Stne^  ^ageg  Inurbe  er  t)or  ©erid^t  geforbert, 
too  er  unfd^ulbig,  aber  l^art  berflagt  toar*  „SSer  ixnter  euc^/' 
fprad^  er,  „tr)tll  tnit  mir  gel^en  unb  filr  mid^  geugen?  ^enn  td^ 
bin  f)art  t)ernagt  toorben."  ^er  erfte  feiner  greunbe  entf(^ul= 
bigte  ftc^  fogleid^,  ba^  er  toegen  anberer  ©efd^cifte  nid^t  mit  U)m 
gel^en  fonne,  ^er  atoeite  begleitete  ii)n  bi^  ^ux  ZVix  be^  dli^U 
l^aufeg;  ba  fel^rte  er  um  unb  ging  au^  gurd^t  t)or  bent  somigen 
D^id^ter  priidf,  !Der  britte,  auf  ben  er  am  toentgften  gebant 
l^atte,  ging  f)inein,  rebete  fiir  U)n  unb  s^^Qte  fo  freubig  bon 
feiner  Unfd^ulb,  bag  ber  Tlann  bom  ^id^ter  freigefprod^en 
tourbe, 

^rei  greunbe  l^at  ber  Tltn\d)  in  biefer  SSelt.  SKie  betragen 
fie  ftd^  in  ber  (Stunbe  be^  3;:obe^,  toenn  ii)n  ®ott  bor  ©erid^t 
forbert?  ^a^  ©elb,  fein  befter  greunb,  berlafet  i^n  guerft  unb 
gel^t  nid^t  mit  if)m,  @eine  33ern)anbten  unb  greunbe  begteiten 
tl^n  bi^  gur  Xixv  be^  ©rabe^  unb  fel^ren  toieber  in  t^ire  ^ciufer, 
!Der  britte,  ben  er  im  ?eben  oft  am  meiften  bergafe,  finb  feine 
tbol^Itcitigen  SSerfe»  'Bit  allein  begleiten  if)n  bi^  gum  ^^l^rone 
be^  9^td^terg;  fie  ge^en  boran,  fpred^en  filr  xi)n  unb  finben 
^arml^ersigfeit  unb  ©nabe* 

9lod^3.  ®.  Berber. 


beginners'   GERMAN  II5 

5£Sa^  tut  ein  ^id^ter  tm  ®ert($t? 

3c«gcn  l^eifet  fiir  ober  gegen  jemanben  fpred^en, 

3emanb,  ber  ©c^ulb  l^at,  tft  fd^ulbig* 

(gtner,  ber  feme  ©d^ulb  f)at,  tft  — ♦ 

^a^  tut  ein  ©c^ulbiger?    (Sr  —  ftc§, 

ilSorum  bittet  eiu  (Sc^ulbtger?    ^r  bittet  um  — 

ober  um  53 — ♦ 
Sa^  fiir  ein  Tlann  ift  ein  somlger  $D^ann?  3iinxt 

er? 
2Ser  greube  l^at,  tft  — , 
ilSer  feme  greube  Ifiat,  ift  — ♦ 
SKa^  tut  ein  freubiger  Wm\(^?   dv  —  fi(^» 


Sragen 

SBie  Diele  greunbe  l^atte  ein  Tlann? 

^atU  er  atle  gleid^  gem? 

§atte  er  gtuei  t)on  i^nen  fteber  al6  ben  britten? 

Ober  Ifiatte  er  ben  britten  om  liebftcn? 

SSie  ftanb  er  gum  britten? 

SBer  iDar  ber  el^rlid^fte  unter  feinen  greunben? 

ifiSann  iDurbe  ber  ^ann  bor  ©eric^t  gerufen? 

ilBe^^alb? 

iBorum  bat  er  feine  greunbe? 

iSSomit  entfc^ulbigte  fic^  ber  erfte  greunb? 

SSSie  meit  ging  ber  gtDeite  mit? 

^e^lnegen  inanbte  er  fic^? 

SSa^  tat  ber  britte  greunb,  ber  U)m  am  gleid^^ 

glittigften  mr? 
iSSer  fprad^  ben  Tlann  frei? 
55 on  itiem  ttjurbe  er  freigefprod^en? 
5Ber  finb  bie  brei  greunbe,  bie  tt)ir  Ifiaben? 


Il6  beginners'   GERMAN 

SBle  bel^anbelt  ber  erfte  greunb  ben  SD^cnfc^en  in 

ber  3:obe^ftunbe? 
©el^en  bie  ^todUn  greunbe  big  gur  ©rabe^tiir  mit? 
iSBie  l^eifet  ber  britte  greunb  beg  9}?enfd^en? 
Solgt  il^m  biefer  big  sum  9^i($tert]^ron? 
ilBag  txtdixtt  er  filr  ben  9[)?enf(^en? 

(^x^ai)Un  <Sie  bie  gan^e  gabel! 
:2efen  ©ie  ba^  ©tlic!! 
(Sc^reiben  ^k  eg! 

NOTE 

Supply  the  missing  relative  pronoun  in: 
@in  Warm,  —  greunbe  U)n  liebten,  h)urbe  eineg  3::ageg  \)txtla^t 
What  is  the  difference  in  the  use  of  cases  between: 
einc)^  XaQt§  and  jcbcn  Xaq? 

PASSIVE 

Present  —  i(^  toerbe  feineth)egen  berflagt. 

Preterit  —  bu  h)urbeft  [einettoegen  berflagt. 

Future  —  er  h)irb  [einetn3eGen  DerHagt  njerben. 

Perfect  —  rt)tr  finb  feinettDegen  Derflagt  hjorben. 

Pluperfect  —  ii)x  tr)art  feinettnegen  berflagt  tcorben. 

Perf.  Cond.  —  fie  tniirben  feinettnegen  t)erftagt  toorben  fein. 

What  is  the  auxiliary  in  the  formation  of  the  true  passive 
voice  of  action? 

Is  there  a  so-called  passive  of  description  or  condition, 
where  the  past  participle  has  adjective  force? 

E.g. 
er  iDurbe  berflagt  =  he  was  being  accused,  but 
er  it)ar  Derflagt  =  he  was  accused  (an  accused  person,  he 
had  been  accused). 


BEGINNERS^   GERMAN  1 1*7 

Distinguish  similarly  between: 

S)ie  3:uren  tDerben  ge[c^Io[[en  (geoffnet),  and 
bie  3:uren  finb  gefc^loffen  (geof[net)» 

How  is  the  English  "by"  in  connection  with  the  passive 
rendered  in  German?    Illustrate. 

Change  in  the  last  paragraph,  as  far  as  possible,  the  active 
into  the  passive,  both  orally  and  in  writing. 

Change  the  direct  speech  of  the  man  into  indirect  dis- 
course, and  the  indirect  speech  of  the  first  friend  into  direct 
speech. 


I)reiunbr>ter3igftc  Jlufgabe 

^ic  i^ij^crcn  ©cftuleit  ^eutfij^lanb^ 

!Die  f)o^txtn  ^nabenfc^ulen  be«  ^eutfd^en  D^eic^cg  s^rfallen 
in  ©ijmnaften,  D^ealgt^mnaften  unb  Dberrealfd^ulen.  Wit  biefe 
5lnftalten  f)aben  einen  neunjal^rigen  ^urfu^.  ^ie  (Schiller  ber 
erften  Slnftalt  l^eifeen  ©t^mnaftaften,  bie  ber  smeiten:  S^ealgtim- 
nafiaften,  unb  bie  ber  britten  2lnftalt:  Dberrealfdjliler.  ^te 
^laffen  in  alien  brei  (Sc^ulen  fieifeen  t)on  unten  auf:  @ejta, 
Ouinta,  Ouarta,  Untertertia,  Obertertia,  Unterfefunba, 
Oberfefunba,  Unterprima  unb  Oberprima.  9^a(f)  beftanbener 
Unterfefunba  ober  nac^  fe($g  Saftt^en  er!)alten  bie  jungen  Seute 
bag  (SiniaJrtg^greitDillige^^sitQ^^^  l^^  SLTtilitarbienft.  5^ac{) 
beftanbenem  enbgliltigen  (Seamen  trirb  ber  Dberprtmaner  5lbi* 
turient  unb  mufe  gu  alien  llnlt)erfttat§ftubien  an  alien  21 
beutfc^en  llnlt)erfttaten  unb  an  hm  11  tec5nlfd)en  ^^od^fd^ulen 
jugelaffen  nierben.  Qn  alien  l)ol)eren  Sel)ranftalten  n)erben 
^eutfd),  ^mat^ematif,  9f^aturh)tffenf(^aften,  ©efc^ic^te,  (grb^ 
funbe,  Religion,  3^t^tien,  ©ingen  unb  STurnen  gelel)rt.  ^te 
anberen  Sel^rfac^er,  b.  I),  bie  frembcn  (^prac^en,  finb  fo  tierteilt, 


ii8 

ha^  2atdn,  ©rled^tfd^  unb  grangofifc^  auf  ben  ©tjmnaften  be- 
trieben  lt)erben,  auf  ben  9^ealQt)mnafien  !2atein  unb  neuere 
©prad^en,  ncimlic^  gran^ofifd^  unb  Snglifd^,  unb  auf  ben  Dber- 
realfd^ulen  nur  hit  neueren  ©prad^en,  !Die  (Sd)iiler  finb  betm 
^intritt  getDofinlid^  neun  big  ^e^n  Sat)ve  alt  unb  ^aben  brei  big 
t)ier  Saf)vt^fux\t  ber  33olfgfd)ule,  ober  eine  53orf(^uIe  t)on  brei* 
ial^riger  3)auer,  —  fec^g  XaQt  bie  5£3od)e,  —  burc^gemac^t, 
^ie  gerien  bauern  0en)o]^nli(^  elf  i£3o(^en,  b.  If).  Dftem  gtnei 
SBod^en,  "ipfingften  eine  iSSod^e,  grofee  (Somnxerferien  bier  big 
fiinf  iSSod^en,  9[)^id^aelig  eine  big  ^tod  ilBod^en  unb  ilBeif)nac^ten 
StDei  iCSod^en.  ^er  Hbiturient  einer  f)of)eren  beutfdien  ?ef)r= 
anftalt  bilrfte  fo  gut  iDie  ein  Junior  eineg  amerifanifc^en  col- 
lege borgebilbet  fein. 

!Die  9}^abcf)en  befuc^en  gemol^nlic^  fogenannte  ^ol&ere  Tlixb^ 
d^enfc^ulen.  Qel^t  gibt  eg  aucf)  einige  SO^abdjengl^mnafien,  h)eld§e 
ben  (Sd^iilerinnen  biefelben  SBerec^tigungen  erteilen  toit  bie  ent* 
fpred^enben  f)of)eren  ^nabenfd^ulen, 

SJragcn 

SSie  biele  5lrten  Don  l^ol^eren  beutfd^en  ^naben= 

fd^ulen  gibt  eg? 
SSie  Ifieigen  biefelben  unb  beren  (Schiller? 
iEBie  nennt  man  bie  6d^lller  ber  Derfc^iebenen  neun 

^laffen? 
!I)ie  iungen  !3)eutfc^en  mitffen  2  ober  3  ^cil^re  ^BoU 

bat  fein  im  §eere  ober  in  ber  9D?arine» 
2Ber  braud^t  nur  ein  3abr  gu  bienen?  ilBeglialb? 
^arf  ein  5lbiturient  iiberalt  ftubieren? 
SBie  biele  beutfd^e  Uniberfitciten  fennen  <8ie? 
@eben  (Sie  bie  genteinfamen  ^ef)rfac^er  ber  l)d]^eren 

(Sd^ulen  an! 


119 

SBte  nennt  man  ©rbfunbe  fonft  noc^? 

!Dte  ^otanif,  bie  ^oologie,  ^^l)ftf  unb  (Sl^iemie 

fiitb  9^aturtr)iffenf(^aften, 
SKeld^e  ©prac^en  h)erben  auf  bem  ©ijmnafium  ge* 

le^rt? 
SBeld^e  auf  bem  D^ealgi^mnaftum? 
Hnb  h)etd§e  auf  ber  Dberrealfc^ule? 
ilBeld^e^  ift  bie  33orbi(bung  ber  f)of)eren  ® chiller? 
3n  h)eld^em  filter  fommen  fie  getool^nlid^  in  bie 

pfieren  (Sd^ulen? 
$at  man  in  ^eutfc^Ianb  fiinftagigen  Unterrid^t 

iDoc^entlid^  ober  mirb  in  3)eutf(^Ianb  an  \t6)^ 

3:agen  unterrid^tet? 
SSie  tDerben  bie  gerien  eingeteilt? 
iSSie   gut   toerbcn   bie   l^ofieren   ©d^liler    augge* 

bilbet? 
^a^  fdnnen  ®ie  liber  bie  9}?(ibc^enf$ulen  fagen? 

©r^al^Ien  (Sie  atte^,  tra^  ©ie  ilber  hit  l^o^eren 

beutfc^en  ©d^ulen  lt)iffen! 
33erglei(^en  ©ie  bie  beutfd^en  (Sd^ulen  mit  ben 

amerifanifc^en  ©d^ulen! 
^efen  ®ie  ba^  ©tiid  je^t  in  ^l^tem  58uc^e  nad§! 
(^(^reiben  ©ie  einen  fleinen  ^uffa^  bariiber! 

NOTE 

In  what  number  are  the  names  of  the  great  holidays  used 
in  German?    E.g.  SSeif)na(^ten,  etc. 

Substitute  for  serfaUen  the  verb  cintctlcn» 

Substitute  for  ^ci^en  the  verb  nctlttcn* 

In  the  two  sentences  which  begin  with  the  preposition 
Jiat!^,  use  the  conjunction  ttad^bcttt,  orally  and  in  writing. 


I20  BEGINNERS*   GERMAN 

Change  into  the  passive  in  all  persons  and  tenses: 

i(5  tie{)ine  ntein  53u(5, 
i(5  o[[ne  mein  33ud^, 
td^  fd^liefee  mein  ^ud^, 
Id^  lege  mein  ^ud^  I)in. 
E.g. 

9}?ein  (bag)  iBud^  h)irb  bon  mir  gcnommen,  etc. 


t)terunbr)ter3tgfte  Zlufgabe 
^ic  ^eutfc^cn  in  5(mcrifa 

!^eutfd^e  ftnb  in  ber  gan^en  ilBelt  3U  finben,  ®ie  gcil^ilen  bei^ 
naf)c  100  9l)^iIlionen,  Don  benen  nngefaf)r  68  9[)^ilIionen  in 
^eutfd^Ianb  unb  15  SD^illionen  in  £)fterrei(^  tDoffXim.  ©^  gibt 
anc^  t)iele  ^eutfc^e  in  ber  (B^\t)ci^  unb  in  D^uftlanb.  ^ie  grofete 
3cil()I  ^eutfc^er  im  ^In^Ianb  ftnbet  man  in  ben  33ereinigten 
(Staaten*  ©d^on  "ipenn  brac^te,  al^  er  fid^  1682  in  *iPenn:= 
ft)lt)anien  nieberliefe,  Diele  ^eutfd^e,  l^auptfad^Iid^  ^^^einpfalger, 
mit,  benen  im  erften  ^rittel  be^  18.  ^ci^i^^unbertg  betrad^t- 
lid^e  (Sd^aren  folgten,  bie  immer  Irieber  neuen  9^ad§frf)ub  er^ 
l^ielten.  3ntereffant  ift  e^,  bai  ein  ^eutfd^er,  nameng  ^eter 
SD^inuit,  1626  gum  erften  irirflid^en  ©oubemeur  Don  ^ttd 
gorf  gemcil^lt  tDurbe,  nad^bem  er  bie  22  englifd^e  Ouabrat^ 
meilen  grofee  Sn\d  33?anbattan  flir  100  2)?arf  Don  ben  3n= 
bianem  gefauft  f)atte.  (Sd^on  im  Qat)ve  1787  bilbete  fid^  eine 
beutfd^e  ©efellfc^aft  in  9^eh)  g)orf,  bie  Don  ben  angefel^enften 
beutfd^en  ^aufleuten  unb  ©runbbefi^em  begriinbet  toorben  tioav 
unb  Don  il^nen  unterftil^t  tDurbe. 

^ag  3a^v  1848  brad^te  Diele  3)eutfd^e  nad^  5lmerifa.  (giner 
ber  beften  Don  il^nen,  ^avl  ©d^urg,  ein  ebenfo  guter  ®eutf(^er 
irie  treuer  iBiirger  ber  3Sereinigten  (Staaten,  bef)anbelte  in  Diel^ 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  121 

beac^teter  ^ebe  ben  (Sinflufe  beg  ^exttfc^tum^  auf  bte  Union 
unb  seigte  babel,  trie  frcifttg  bie  ^eutfd)=5lmerifaner  an  bem 
gortfdjritt  beg  ]()umanen  ©eifteg  in  Hmertfa  mitgen)tr!t  !)aben» 
Unter  anberem  fagte  er,  bag  bie  3)eutfc^en  bie  "iPflege  ber  ^unft 
unb  beg  ©efangeg  ntitgebrac^t  l^atten,  fo  ba\^  bie  9?aft  t)on  ber 
5lrbeit  in  alien  ^laffen  beg  3Solfeg  mef)r  unb  mef)r  bon  bem 
©onnenfc^ein  eineg  l^eiteren  Sebenggenuffeg  burc^Ieuc^tet  n)erbe. 
„9^i(5t  allein  tdiv,"  fo  fagte  ^arl  (Scaurs,  „fonbem  jefet  aud^ 
eine  SD^el^rsal^I  t)on  benen,  beren  33orurteil  erft  iiberirunben 
iDerben  muBte,  freut  fid^  biefer  ^efe^rung  gum  grofifinn." 

Unb  toie  auf  amerifanif(^em  SBoben  ein  !l)eutf(^er  in  befd^ei* 
bener  SSeife  bie  33erbienfte  ber  3)eutfd^en  um  bie  33ereinigten 
(Staaten  betonte,  fo  tat  bieg  in  iDeit  fraftigerer  5lrt  ein  5lmeri^ 
faner  auf  beutfd&er  Srbe,  unb  ^tt)ax  3:f)eobore  ^^oofebelt  gele^ 
gentlic^  feiner  5SorIefung  in  ber  Berliner  Uniberfitat  am  12. 
SD^ai  1910.  @r  bemerfte,  ha^  er  in  biefeg  !^anb  Don  ru^m^ 
boiler  33ergangenf)eit  unb  glcingenber  ©egen^art  alg  ^Ingel^o* 
riger  eineg  jungen  33oIfeg  fomme,  auf  bag .  3)eutf c^Ianb  grofeen 
©influfe  auggeiibt:  „2)er  beutfdje  5lnteil  an  unferem  ^lut  ift 
grofe,  benn  faft  Don  5lnbeginn  an  ift  bag  beutfd^e  Element  unter 
ben  einanber  folgenben  SBogen  bon  5(nfommIingen,  beren  ^in- 
begfinber  in  bie  amerifanifc^e  9^ation  berarbeitet  tDorben  finb 
unb  nod)  b3erben,  grofe  getDefen;  unb  ic^  felbft  fuf)re  meine  5lb= 
ftammung  auf  jenen  3^^tg  ber  9^ieberbeutf(^en  ^uriid,  n)eld^er 
^odanb  aug  ber  5^orbfee  emporgel^oben  'i)at  Unb  noc^  mel^r, 
loir  f^aben  bon  if)nen  nic^t  nur  einen  grofeen  3:eil  ht^  ^luteg, 
bag  burc^  unfere  Hbem  rinnt,  entnommen,  fonbem  auc^  einen 
grofeen  ^eil  ber  ©ebanfenmett,  burc^  toelc^e  unfere  3}en!arbeit 
beftimmt  n)irb." 

SO^an  nimmt  an,  bafe  in  ben  33ereinigten  ©taaten  nal^e  an 
brei  5D?iIlionen  in  ^eutfc^lanb  geborene  'iperfonen  n)o!)nen.  "^ie 
3af)l  aller  aug  beutfc^en  gamilien  ftammenben  ^etooliner,  b.  I). 


122  beginners'   GERMAN 

jener,  beren  beibe  ©Item  ober  beren  IBater  ober  Tlutttx  in 
2)eutfd^Ianb  geboren  it)urben,  ift  aber  mit  neun  3}?i(Uonen  nld^t 
gu  ]^od&  Qcfcfiafet;  bag  mac^t  ben  gef)nten  3:eil  ber  ©efamtbebol^ 
ferung  an^,  gfJad^  „:Dcutf(|Ianb  als  SScItmad^t/  ©.  837. 

Sragen 

iEBo  ftnb  bte  ^entfc^en  gn  finben? 

SBie  t)iele  ^eutfc^e  ^ai)lt  man  im  gangen? 

5£3ie  t)lele  (Sinn)o]^ner  f)at  ^eutfd^Ianb? 

Hnb  bte  53ereinigten  <Staaten? 

SESer  brac^te  biele  ^entfc^e  mit  nad)  5lnterifa? 

iEBag  fiir  ^anb^Ieute  n)aren  bie^  gnm  grbfeten  2:eil? 

iSSelc^er  ^entfd^e  tt>urbe  gnerft  in  Hmerifa  iiffent- 

lid^  geef)rt? 
SIBoju  tDurbe  er  getDctl^It? 
mt  ^iefe  ber  etaat  9^en)  2)orf  perft? 
Unb  n)ie  bie  ©tabt? 
SBie  t)iere  ^Dollar  begalilte  "ipeter  Tlimit  fUr  9}?an^ 

l^attan? 
3n  melc^em  3al)re  beg  nenngel^nten  3a]^rf)unbertg 

fanten  t)iele  3)eutf(^e  nad^  5Imerifa?    ^arum? 
SKag  toiffen  ©ie  t)on  ^arl  ©c^urg? 
^ennen  (Sie  feine  ^iic^er  ilber  ^enri)  (Elat)  nnb 

Slbral^am  Lincoln? 
^alten  ©ie  il^n  fiir  einen  grogen  Mann? 
2tht  ^arl  ed^ura  noc^? 
§at  er  je  ein  offentlic^eg  5lmt  befleibet? 
SBelc^e  ^ugenben  l^aben  bie  ^entfd^en  nad^  toe^* 

rifa  mitgebrad^t? 
iSSeld^er  grofee  Slmerifaner  betonte  ebenfallg  ben 

(Sinffug  ber  ^eutfd^en  auf  unb  bie  53erbienfte 

berfelben  urn  bie  35ereinigten  ©taaten? 


beginners'   GERMAN  1 23 

SBo  iDurbe  biefe  9^ebe  gei^alten?   SSann? 

iSSie  ift  3)eutfc^Ianb^  33ergangen]^eit? 

ilBie  feme  ©egentDart? 

2Bag  benfen  ©ie  bon  ^Deutfd^Ianb^  ^ufunft? 

$aben  biete  Hmerifaner  beutfd^e^  ^lut  in  il^ren 

mem? 
SBeld^er  ^Ibftammung  ift  ^l^eobore  9^oofet)eIt? 
SBie  Diele  ^eutfc^^Slmerifaner  follen  in  ben  5Ser* 

einigten  (Staaten  tool^nen? 

(Srs(i{)Ien  ©ie,  ira^  (Sie  ilber  bie  !I)eutf(5en  in 

%mmfa  gu  fagen  f)a6en! 
!i?efen  ©ic  bie  ^arftellung! 
®eben  ^k  bie  SSieberl^oIung  berfelben  fd^riftlid^! 

NOTE 

SSertDanbetn  ©ie  bie  inbireft  gegebene  D^ebe  toon  ^arl  ©d^urg  in 
birefte  9?ebe! 
Unb  ben  bire!t  gegebenen  @a^  in  inbirefte  9?ebe! 
^ertranbeln  ©ie,  miinblic^  unb  fc^riftlic^,  9^oofet)eIt^  iBemer* 
fungen! 
2Sie  iiberfe^en  ©ie: 

^eutfc^e  finb  iiberatt  gu  finben, 

!I)a^  ift  nic^t  gu  glauben! 

3(^  {)cibe  e^  fagen  f)oren» 

!Sag  ia^t  ftc^  i)offen  (possibility). 

@^  ttJurbe  hm  lieben  langen  3:ag  gegeffen  unb  getrunfen* 

Observe : 
Wan  finbct  t)iele  Hu^Ianber  in  biefem  ^anbe. 
(Sine  ©efeKfc^aft  Bitbet  ftd). 

Is  the  passive  used  as  much  in  German  as  it  is  in  English? 
Does  every  verb  form  a  personal  passive  in  German? 


124  beginners'    GERMAN 

Is  the  passive  always  used  when  the  agent  is  expressed? 
How  does  the  German  avoid  the  passive  voice,  and  what 
substitutes  are  used? 

Observe  the  flexibility  of  English  in  the  use  of  the  passive. 

Active:  He  gave  me  a  pencil. 

@r  gab    mx  einen  SBIeiftift* 

Passive:  /  was  given  a  pencil  (a  pencil  was  given  me). 
Wxt  h)urbc  etn  S3Ieifttft  t)on  ifitn  gegeben. 


5iinfunbr>ier3tgfte  Zlufgabe 

(Review) 
^cutfdftknb  iiber  attc^ 

1.  ^eutfd^Ianb,  ^Deutfd^Ianb  liber  atlc6, 
liber  alle^  in  ber  iBelt, 

iESenn  e^  ftet^  lu  ©d^ufe  unb  Xmi^t 
^rliberltd^  gufammenl^alt, 
55on  ber  9}iaa^  bi^  an  bie  ^tmt\, 
5Son  ber  (gtfc^  h\^  an  ben  ^elt. 
^eutfd^Ianb,  ^eutfd^Ianb  liber  aEe^, 
tiber  atleg  in  ber  iSSelt! 

2.  !Deutf(^e  granen,  beutfd^e  5treue, 
^eutf(^er  SBein  unb  bentfc^er  (Sang 
(SoIIen  in  ber  ^elt  bel^alten 
3()ren  alien  fc^onen  ^lang, 

Un^  lu  ebler  Xai  begeiftem 
Unfer  ganged  Seben  lang, 
^eutfc^e  grauen,  beutf(^e  2reue, 
!Dentfd^er  SBein  unb  beutfd^er  ©ang! 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN  12$ 

3»     ©inigfeit  unb  dltf^t  unb  ^Jretl^eit 
glir  ha^  beutfc^e  5SaterIanb, 
!Danac^  lafet  un^  al(e  ftreben 
i8ruberli(^  mlt  §ers  unb  ^anb! 
^Inigfeit  unb  D^ed^t  unb  greil^ett 
(Stub  beg  ©liicfeg  Unterpfanb. 
^mi^'  im  ©lanse  blefe^  ©lUde^, 
^Iu6ebeutf(^eg33aterlanb! 

^offmonn  t)on  ^^QncrSlcbcn. 

SDte  9[)?aag,  bte  9D?emet  unb  bie  Stfc^  finb  gluffe. 
^ie  maa^  ift  im  SSeften  t)on  ^eutfd^Ianb,    ilSo? 
:3)ie  9J?emcI  ift  im  Dften  ^Deutfc^Ianb^. 
^ie  @tfd&  ift  im  ©ilben  bon  ^eutfd^tanb,  unb  ber 

^elt,  fopfagen  ein  Xtil  beg  iBaltifc^en  9}?eereg, 

ift  im  9lorben  t)on  !Deutfd^lanb, 
©ag  ^altifd^e  SD^eer  fieifet  getDo^inlic^  bk  Oftfee. 
3ft  bie  3}^emel  auf  beutfd^em  ^oben? 
5£3o  liegen  bie  anberen  ©elnaffer? 
^eigen  <Sie  alleg  auf  ber  Cartel 
iCSarum  fieifet  eg  im  Dften  !5)eutf(^Ianbg  unb  nid^t 

i)on  ^eutfc^Ianb? 
SBag  fann  man  anftatt  ftet^  noc^  fagen? 
SBie  milrben  (Bit  gu  ®c^u^  unb  Xvui^  augbriicfen? 
53erfte]f)en  @ie  {e^t  bag  Sieb? 
(Singen  Bk  eg! 
Semen  (Sie  eg  fur  bie  nctc^ften  (Stunben  augtcenbig, 

fo  bafe  @ie  eg  and)  fc^reiben  fonnen! 

Hoffmann  bon  gaKergleben  ift  ber  ^ic^ter  biefeg 
g^ationalliebeg  ber  ^eutfd^en  (feit  1871),  bag 
auc^  ^a^  Sieb  ber  ^ewtfrfien  genannt  irirb* 


126  BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 

5Dte  Tlelohk  riil^rt  bon  ^at)bn  ^tv  unb  ift  Qleid^* 
Scitig  bie  9D?eIobie  fUr  hie  ofterreid^ifd^e  9^ational^ 
^tjmm:  „®ott  erlfialte  granj  ben  ^aifer*" 

5edjsunbr>ter3tgfte  2lufgabe' 
^eutfcfttanb^  ©tcHung  in  ber  aSeltnjirtftfiaft 

3n  ben  3^iten  ber  53olfern)anberung  l^at  ber  bent  beutfc^en 
55o(fe  tnnen)o]^nenbe  SSanbertrieb  bte  ©emianenftamme  nad^ 
bent  ©iiben  unb  SSeften  gefiil^rt,  nad^  ^talien,  granfreic^, 
©panien  unb  5Ifrifa,  bann  tief  bi^  nad^  Ungarn  l^inein  unb 
tDieber  norbn)art^  nad^  (gnglanb,  Unb  fc^on  balb  nad^  ber  @ini* 
gung  ber  beutfd^en  (Stamme  unter  ben  erften  fraftt)oIIen  ^ad)- 
fenfaifem,  bann  unter  ben  $ot)enftaufen  unb  fpfiter  in  ber  3^tt 
be^  ©eutfd^^errenorbeng  erh)iefen  hit  ^Deutfd^en  il^ren  ^eruf 
al^  I^olonifatoren  ber  9^orb=  unb  Oftntarfen  in  l^eifeen  ^cintpfen 
gegen  SBenben  unb  ^reufeen,  9[)^it  ber  ©eminnung  ber  Dftfee 
begann  hit  iBliitejeit  ber  beutfd^en  ^anfa*  S^^  3ctt  ber  ^reug- 
ailge,  aU  bie  italienifd^en  ^anbel^ftcibte  ntel^r  in  htn  3Sorber* 
grunb  traten,  bluf)ten  bie  SSol^npIcifee  im  (Sltben  ^eutfd^Ianb^ 
auf:  SSien,  2lug^burg,  Ulm  unb  9^iimberg» 

!Die  (gntbedhing  neuer  §anbelgn)ege  am  ^lu^gang  be^  TlitttU 
altera  fanb  hit  !Deutfd^en  nid^t  untfttig,  n)enngleid^  bie  rotnani* 
fd^en  9^ationen,  bie  ^ortugiefen  unb  (Spanier,  baran  ben 
§auptteil  f)atten»  ^i^^befonbere  tdavtn  hit  gugger  unb  SBelfer, 
reid^e  ^aufleute  in  5lug^burg,  beftrebt,  bie  neuen  55erfe]^r^t)er* 
pltniffe  fid^  bien[tbar  su  madden,  (Sie  ^ahtn  glotten  aug 
fpanifd^en  ^cifen  au^t^tn  laffen  unb  fid^  ant  fpanifd^en  @e= 
n)iirs]^anbel  beteiligt,  ja  felbft  ju  (Sroberungen  unb  Hnfiebe^ 
lungen  auf  frentbem  iBoben  finb  fie  fortgefcfiritten,  ^^eneguela 
iDurbe  befe^t  unb  foEte  rid^tiger  SSelferlanb  l^eifeen*     ^od& 

'  This  reading  extract  is  extremely  illuminating,  but  is  rather  difl&cult.    It  may,  of  course, 
be  omitted  at  the  discretion  of  the  teacher. 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN  1 27 

ol^ne  Unterftttfeung  burdB  ba'B  dlti^,  bent  eine  JJIotte  fel^Ite, 
h)urben  bie  beutfd^en  ^olonifatoren  immer  mt^v  au^  ii)vm 
§anbelgbe3ief)ungen  t)erbrangt»  ^ie  grauentjollen  3^tten  be^ 
!Drei6i9iaf)rtgen  J^'riege^  boKenbeten  ben  53erfaII  be^  beutfd^en 
§anbe(^  ^u  ?anb  unb  gur  (See,  §olIanb  unb  (Snglanb  rlffeti 
ba^  beittfd^e  Srbe  an  ftc^»  SBof)I  berfudfite  ber  ©rofee  ^urfiirft, 
ber  in  ber  ©(^nle  ber  ^ottober  I)erangen)ad^fen  mar  unb  bie 
iBebeutung  be^  9D?eere^  al^  Ouelte  ber  55oIfergro6e  fennen  gc* 
lernt  ^atU,  bie  ©c^opfung  einer  §anbe(^fIotte  unb  bie  ©riin- 
bung  einer  ^olonie  in  SSeftafrifa,  3tn  S^al^re  1683  marb  trofe 
beg  @infpru(^g  eiferfiid^tiger  ^IRad^te  t)on  einent  3:eile  ber  ^iifte 
^efife  ergriffen,  bag  gort  ©rofe^griebrid^gburg  erric^ tet,  unb 
ber]^ei6unggt)oIIe  ^anbelgbesie^ungen  iDurben  eroffnet.  2Iber 
fd^on  fein  9^ad^foIger,  ber  erfte  preufeifc^e  ^onig  griebric^  I,, 
\)attt  fiir  biefe  ^eftrebungen  n)enig  ^ntereffe,  unb  griebrid^ 
SSil^elnt  I,,  ber  53ater  griebrid^g  beg  ©rofeen,  berfaufte  feinen 
^efife  an  bie  ^orianbifd^^^eftinbifc^e  ^ompagnie  fiir  6000 
^ufaten. 

liber  200  ^a^re  litt  ba^  beutfd^e  53oIf  unter  feinen  ungliidf^ 
feligen  politifd^en  33er]^altniffen;  eg  tdav  nteerfremb  getrorben, 
unb  bent  ^lidfgang  beg  gemerblid^en  ^ebeng  folgte  notmenbiger* 
n)eife  ber  beg  geiftigen. 

9^ur  langfant  bereitete  ftd§  ber  Sintritt  !Deutfd^tanbg  in  bie 
^ei^e  ber  iESeltl^anbelgmad^te  Dor.  ^er  (Sinn  fiir  frembeg 
iSBoIfgtum  unb  frembe  Sigenart  tt)ar  in  ^eutfd^Ianb  intnter 
rege,  leiber  oft  su  feinetn  (Sd^aben.  Slufeerbem  tt)av  hk  ^ennt^ 
nig  ber  fretnben  Sprad^en  bei  ung  allmci^lid^  gu  fold^er  33er^ 
breitung  gelangt  tDie  faum  anbergrtjo.  ^ie  unntittelbare 
53eranlaffung  gur  (gntmidflung  ber  ilberfeeifd^en  ^ntereffen 
!3:)eutfd§Ianbg  aber  tourbe  bie  beutfd^e  5Iugn)anberung,  l^aupt^ 
fctd^Iic^  nad§  9^orbamerifa.  (Seit  bent  5Infang  beg  19.  -3a]^r= 
l^unbertg   l^aben  ntel^r  alg  5   9[)?iI(ionen  3)eutfd^e  fid^  neue 


128 

SKol^nfi^e  in  ber  grembe,  fiauptfctc^lld^  in  5^orbamerifa,  gefud^t, 
too  ie^t  8-9  SD^iltionen  !Deutfd^e  leben.  ^ie  tnirtfd^aftlirfje  (Sin* 
bnfee,  bie  unfer  5SaterIanb  baburc^  erlitt,  ift  grofe.  5lnberfeit§ 
aber  finb  e^  in  erfter  !2inic  bie  ^^erfel^r^be^ie^ungen  gu  Slmerifa 
QetDefen,  bie  ben  ^anbel  nnferer  §anfaftdbte  toieber  empor- 
brad^ten,  5luf  ber  oftlid^en  ^lali&fugel  tourbe  perft  (Sf)ina, 
bann  ^nbien  erfd^Ioffen,  nnb  3(tpan  offnete  sn  ^eginn  ber  60er 
3af)xe  be^  borigen  S^a^rl^unbert^  feine  ^cifen  bent  beut[(^en 
5Serfe]^r.  ^zutt  bollenb^  umfpannen  bie  t)on  ^eutfd^Ianb  au^* 
lanfenben  33erfef)r^fdben,  bie  jefet  aud^  nac^  5luftralien  unb  ber 
(Silbfee  fiinlibersiel^en,  ben  gan^en  ©rbbalL 

(Seit  iBeginn  ber  80er  ^o^tre  ift  ba^  !I)eutfd^e  ^eid^  in  bie 
9fJeif)e  ber  ^otoniatntcid^te  eingetreten,  unb  eg  bef)errfd^t  l^eute 
ein  ©ebiet  t)on  bent  giinffad^en  feiner  eignen  ©rofee;  eg  fte!)t 
fomit  nnter  ben  ^oloniatmctd^ten  ]f)infic^tlid^  beg  gldd^eninf)altg 
feiner  iBefi^ungen  fd^on  an  britter  (Bulk,  ©ag  in  ben 
^d^u^gebieten  angelegte  Capital  toirb  auf  240  SD^illionen 
'^avt  gefc^ci^t,  nnb  beren  @in=  unb  5Iugfuf)r]^anbeI  betrug 
1903  bereitg  67  Mllionen  Tlavt  3Sont  ©efantttoerte  beg 
beutfd^en  ^lufeenl^anbelg,  ber  1904  bie  getoaltige  (Summe 
i)on  12,2  9i)2illiarben  Tlaxt  erreid^t  l)at,  entfallen  |  auf  ben 
(Seel^anbeL 

3n  Hnterifa,  befonberg  in  ^itUh  unb  ^iibanterifa,  befi^en 
bie  ^eutfdf)en  bebeutenbe  ^anbelgnieberlaffungen  ntit  getoal* 
tigen,  oft  ben  SSert  bieler  SJJillionen  befil^enben  SSarenlagern* 
3n  SD^ittelamerifa,  SSeftinbien,  $D^ejifo  unb  ben  ^cinbem  ber 
ftiblid^en  ©olbfiifte  f)aben  fic^  beutfc^e  "ipiantagenbefi^ungen  gu 
erfieblid^er  iSBid^tigfeit  emporgefd^toungen*  ^afe  ber  beutfd^e 
§anbel  in  5lmeri!a  aud^  ntel^r  unb  ntef)r  ntit  bent  beutfd^en 
Capital  arbeitet,  betoeifen  bie  in  jiingfter  3^it  errid^teten  iiber- 
feeifd^en  ^anfen.  ©benfo  toenben  fid^  bie  ^eutfd^en  in  ben 
anterifanifd^en  ^cinbem  in  gunefintenbent  ^D^afee  bent  ^au  bon 


129 

(Sifenbafinen  gu.  3SteIe  gabrifen  ftnb  mit  beutfd^em  Capital 
unb  bielfad^  fogar  mit  beutfc^em  9D?ateriaI  eingertc^tet. 

5(ud^  5Ifrifa  ^at  fiir  ba^  ^^eutfd^e  ^eid^,  unb  s^ar  nic^t  blofe 
burc^  bie  ^olonien,  bte  e^  bortfelbft  beft^t,  grogen  mirtfd^aft^ 
lid^en  iJSert,  3n  biefem  ©rbteil  beftef)t  eine  grofeere  ^In^al^I 
beutfc^er  gaftoreien  unb  ®ef(^aft^f)aufer»  SO^it  beutfc^em 
Capital  ftnb  mti)vtxt  ^af)nen  gebaut,  unb  mieberum  fefir  be- 
trdc^tltd^  tft  bie  5(nlage  beutfd^en  ^apitalg  in  ben  fiibafrifani= 
fc^en  Tlimn. 

Sn  Hfien  finben  fid^  beutfd^e  §anbel^nieberlaffungen  bon 
(Singapore  bi^  SBIabitnoftof,  beutfd^e  gaftoreien  unb  "i]3Ian= 
tagen  auf  (Sumatra  unb  anbern  3^nfeln.  3n  (Sc^angl^ai  arbei- 
tet  bie  ^eutf(§=5lfiatifd^e  iBanf,  unb  bie  fleinafiatifd^en  ^af)nen 
finb  gum  grofeten  3:eile  ba^  SSerf  beutfc^er  ©eologen,  beutfd^er 
^ngenieure  unb  beutfc^er  ,f?)apitatiften, 

9^id^t  gering  finb  bie  beutfc^en  SSirtfc^aft^intereffen  fogar  in 
^uftralien  unb  ber  (Siibfee.  ^eben  bod^  in  ^luftralien  felbft, 
einfc^Iieglid^  9^eu^(Seeranb,  liber  100,000  !Deutfd^e!  ^Tuc^  ba^ 
(Siibfeegebiet  fommt  fiir  un^  nic^t  blofe  infoineit  in  iBetrad^t, 
aU  e^  gum  beutfd^en  ^olonialbereid^  gel^ort,  5(uf  Xai)[ti  finb 
ebenfall^  gaftoreien  in  beutfd^em  ^efi^,  unb  an  ben  ^ucfer^ 
plantagen  l3on  §amaii  ift  beutfd^e^  Capital  mit  bielen  ^iU 
lionen  SD^arf  beteiligt. 

SSelcf)  riefen^afte  (Summe  beutfd^er  ^raft,  beutfc^en  ©eifte^, 
beutfd^en  (S^elbeS  ift  ha  im  glug!  ^aum  geringer  finb  bie 
iBilbung^beftrebungen  be^  beutfd^en  35oIfe6  iiber  (See  gemad^^ 
fen.  9^eben  ben  beutfd^en  ^aufleuten  arbeiten  beutfd^e  ?e!)rer, 
beutfd^e  gorfd^er,  beutf(^e  Offtjiere  unb  beutfc^e  9[)?iffionare  auf 
bem  ganjen  (Srbenrunb  am  gortf(f)ritt  ber  SD^enfd^^eit. 

SSie  munberbar  nun  audf)  ^eutfd^Ianb^  augliDcirtiger  §anbel 
getoad^fen,  n)ie  grofe  feine  5Iugn)anberung,  toie  n)id)tig  feine 
^olonien  hjerben  mogen:  bie  SBurjeln  beutfd^er  ^raft  unb 


130  BEGINNERS^   GERMAN 

bcutfd^er  ©rdfee  licgen  tm  ^oben  ber  beutfd^en  ^eimat,  9^ur 
unabldfftQe  5lrbeit  auf  l^eimatUc^er  (Sc^oIIe  {)at  ba§  beutfd^e 
SBolt  iDieberum  p  3)^a(^t  unb  ©rofee  gefiifirt;  nur  unablcifftger 
gortfd^ritt  auf  alien  ©ebieten  be^  (Sblen  unb  ®utcn,  bor  altem 
aber  bie  opferfreubige  §lngabe  an  giirft  unb  33aterlanb  tDerben 
e^  aud^  in  fiinftigen  3^iten  auf  feiner  ^oI)e  erf)altcn, 

SI.  ©etftbcd. 

SBelttotrtfd^aft  bebeutet  intemattonater  ^anbeL 
^reujgilgc  iDaren  (Sjpebitionen  jum  ^reuje,  ®rabe, 

e^rifti. 
!Dte  (Sntbecfung  Ift  ba^fetbe  tole  5Iufftnbung  ((gr^ 

finbung)* 
©etDiir^e  l^eifet  auf  englifd^  spices,  groceries. 
Unterftlifeen  f)ei6t  l^elfen  (cf.  English:  support). 
33erbrangen  bebeutet  forttretben. 
©rauenbolt  fieifet  furd^tbar,  fc^redtttd^, 
^tferfilc^tlg  ift  mifegunftig,  neibifc^. 
SSerl^eigung^boK   fietfet   t)oI(   Don   33er]^ei6ungen, 

5Serfpre(^ungen,  (gr^artungen. 
!Die  ^inbufee  bebeutet  35erluft  (ma^  berloren  ift), 
gorfc^er  finb  90^anner  ber  SBtffenfd^aft,  ©elel^rte* 
Unablafftg  l^etfet  anbauemb,  fortrt)af)renb. 
^te  (Sc^olte  ift  ber  ^oben,  bie  ^rbe. 
Opferfreubig  fein  l^eigt  freubig  (tDillen^)  fein,  Opfer 

p  bringen;  fid^  l^ingeben;  alleS  tun  tDoIlen. 
SBarunt  fagt  man:  Diele  5D^ilIionen  Wlaxt? 
^ie  garben  ber  beutfd^en  gaf)ne  finb  fd^toara,  hjeife, 

rot^ 


SUPPLEMENTARY  READING 

(Lessons  36-41) 

^rins  mit\tlm  aU  grcunb  bcr  tlnbct 

m^  f?aifer  ifiSil^eltn  IL  nod^  aU  Wm  iti  ^ot^bant  lebte, 

fc^rttt  er  an  einem  ^benb  furs  ^0^  SSei^nac^ten  ojne  ^egleitung 

bmd)  bie  ©trafeen*    3)a  fa^  er  bor  bem  (©d^aufenfter  eine^ 

(Spielmarengefd^cift^  S^Det  ^naben  ftel^en,  hk  mit  fel^nfiic^tigen 

^licf en  bie  tfovL  au^gelegten  ^errlid^feiten  betrad^teten»    @r 

trat  ]f)tnsu  unb  belaufd^te  eine  iJSelle  ii)v  finblid^e^  ©epiauber* 

!Dann  fragte  er  fie  mit  freunblid^er  9J2iene,  tioa^  ii)mn  benn  t)on 

all  ben  fd^onen  ^ingen  am  beften  gefiele.    3)er  ctltefte  ber  beiben 

^riiber,  bie  ben  *i(3rinsen  nid^t  fannten,  anttDortete  rafc^:  „!I)ort 

ha^  ©c^iff,  §err  ^eutnant,  eg  ift  gar  gu  fd^on!"    „9^un  benn, 

3nngen/'  ern)iberte  ber  *iPrins,  „fo  n)i6t  il^r  fa,  n)ag  il^r  eud^  gu 

SSeil^nad^ten  rtiiinfc^en  fonnt."    „^a6  gelit  nid^t,"  fagte  ber 

^nabe  barauf  nnb  fd^aute  bem  ^rin^en  mit  feinen  blauen  ^lugen 

breift  in^  ©efic^t;  „unfer  53ater  l^at  nid^t  fo  t)iel  ©elb,  ha^  er 

nng  ettDag  fo  ©d^one^  faufen  fann*"^   „9^un,  bann  toill  id^  euer 

SSeibna(f)tgmann  fein!"    "^Ra^  biefen  SSorten  trat  ber  "iprin^  in 

ben  Saben,  faufte  bag  (Sd^iff  unb  liberreid^te  eg  ben  ^naben,  bie 

t)or  freubigem  @(^redf  faum  ein  SSort  beg  3)anfeg  fanben.    3n 

t)ollem  3:rabe  eilten  fie  nad^  ^aufe  gu  ben  (Sltem,  bie  nid^t  njenig 

erftaunten,  alg  fie  in  bem  ^aben  erful)ren,  iDer  ber  SSeil)nad^tg= 

mann  il)rer  ^inber  getcefen  toar* 

21.  ©ngclicn  unb  ^.  Sted^ncr. 


131 


132  beginners'   GERMAN 

^ic  ficBcn  Siabc 

©in  5Sater  l^atte  fteben  ©ol^ne,  bie  ofterS  mttetnanber  uneln^ 
iDurben,  Uber  bem  ^^nfen  unb  (Streiten  berfciumten  fie  bie 
5(rbeit,  3ci,  einige  bofe  SO^enfd^en  l^atten  im  ©inne,  ftd^  biefe 
UneiniGfeit  sunu^e  gu  madden,  um  bie  ©o^ne  nac^  bem  3:obe 
be^  53ater^  um  if)r  (Srbteit  ^u  bringen, 

^a  liefe  ber  el^miirbige  ®rei^  eine^  XaQt^  alle  fieben  ©obne 
pfammenfommen,  legte  il^nen  fieben  ©tcibe  t)or,  bie  feft  su* 
fammengebunben  tdavtn,  unb  fagte:  ^^emjenigen  Don  euc^,  ber 
biefeg  iBiinbel  ^tcibe  entgrneibrid^t,  saf)Ie  id)  l^unbert  gro^e 
Xakv  bar." 

@iner  nad^  bem  anbern  ftrengte  atte  feine  ^rcifte  an,  unb 
ieber  fagte  nad^  langem  dergeblid^en  ^emuf)en:  „(g§  ift  gar 
nid^t  moglid^." 

„Unb  bod^/'  fagte  ber  35ater,  „ift  nid^tg  leid^ter."  @r  lofte 
ba^  ^ilnbel  auf  unb  jerbrad^  einen  ^tah  nad^  bem  anbern  mit 
geringer  TlVii)t.  „(ii,"  riefen  bie  ©ol^ne,  „fo  ift  e^  freilid^  leid^t, 
fo  fonnte  e^  ein  fteiner  ^nabe!" 

^er  5Sater  aber  fprac^:  „SSie  e^  mit  ben  (Stdben  ift,  fo  ift  e^ 
mit  eud^,  meine  (Soigne,  ©olange  it)v  feft  pfammenl^altet, 
hjerbet  ii)v  befte^en,  unb  niemanb  mirb  eud§  ubern)altigen  fonnen» 
SSSirb  aber  ha^  iBanb  ber  (Sintrad^t,  ba^  eud^  berbinben  foil, 
aufgeloft,  fo  ge^t  e^  eud^  trie  ben  ^tahtn,  bie  l^ier  gerbrod^en 
auf  bem  iBoben  uml^erliegen*" 

Seltfamer  ©^jasicrrttt 

(Sin  SO^ann  reitet  auf  feinem  (Sfel  nad^  §au^  unb  lafet  feinen 
SBuben  gu  gufe  neben^ier  laufen.  ^ommt  ein  iESanberer  unb 
fagt:  „^a^  ift  nid^t  rec^t,  33ater,  ba\^  ii)v  reitet  unb  lagt  euern 
®ofin  laufen;  if)r  ^aht  ftcirfere  ©lieber."    ^a  ftieg  ber  53ater 


SUPPLEMENTARY   READING  1 33 

bom  Sfel  l^erab  unb  Ilefe  ben  (Sol^n  reiten*  ^ommt  n)leber 
ein  SSanber^tnann  unb  fagt:  „!Da^  ift  nid^t  red^t,  53urfc^e,  bag' 
bu  reiteft  unb  Iciffeft  beinen  53ater  ju  gug  gefien;  bu  f)aft  iiingere 
^eine,"  ^a  fafeen  beibe  auf  unb  ritten  eine  ©tredfe,  ^ommt 
ein  brttter  ^anber^mann  unb  fagt:  „SSa^  ift  bag  fiir  ein  Un^ 
t)erftanb,  gmei  ^erle  auf  einem  fd^n)a(5^en  2;iere?  ©ollte  man 
nic^t  einen  @tocf  nel^men  unb  eud^  beibe  l^inabiagen?"  ^a 
ftiegen  beibe  ah  unb  gingen  felbbritt  gu  gufe,  red^t^  unb  linfg 
ber  53ater  unb  ©ol^n  unb  in  ber  Tlittt  ber  (SfeL  ^ommt  ein 
bierter  i^Banber^mann  unb  fagt:  „3^v  feib  brei  furiofe  ®efellen» 
Q\f^  nid^t  genug,  menu  ^tnei  gu  gufe  gel^en?  ©e^t^g  nid^t 
leid^ter,  iDenn  einer  bon  eud^  reitet?"  ^a  banb  ber  33ater  bem 
(gfel  bie  borbern  ^eine  gufammen,  unb  ber  ©ol^n  banb  il^m  bie 
^intern  ^eine  jufammen,  jogen  einen  ftarfen  ^aumpfal)!  burd^, 
ber  an  ber  ©trafee  ftanb,  unb  trugen  ben  (Sfel  auf  ber  5ld^fel 

@o  meit  fann^g  fommen,  menu  man  e^  alien  !2euten  tDttt 
red§t  madden, 

SSic  bie  SSafunger  eine  ^a^e  fauften 

©in  ^irt  f)atte  biel  Tlau\t  im  ^aufe  unb  ^^atten  unb  toufetc 
fid^  gor^nid^t  melf)r  ju  f)elfen»  ©amal^  gab  eg  aber  nod^  feine 
^a^en  in  SSafungen,  ^a  h3urbe  bem  SSirt  angeraten,  er  folk 
nac^  9)^einingen  fa^ren  unb  eine  ^a^e  faufen,  fo  n)urbe  er  ber 
^lage  balb  log  fein;  benn  biefeg  2:ier  bertilgte  bie  'iDlau\t.  ^ag 
liefe  ber  5D^ann  fid^  nid^t  ab)eimal  fagen,  ful^r  mit  feinem  ^ned^t 
unb  faufte  eine  ^a^e  um  ein  guteg  (BtM  ®elb.  Huf  bem 
^eimtocg  fiel  ibm  bei,  ba^  er  bergeffen,  fid^  gu  erfunbigen,  loag 
bie  ^a^e  freffe;  benn  er  bebad^te,  bag  fold^  ein  ^ier  aud^  leben 
n)oIIe,  irenn  eg  feine  SD^tiufe  unb  ^^atten  mel^r  gabe,  fanbte  beg= 
l^alb  ben  ^ned^t  suriidf,  angufragen,  tcag  bie  ^a^e  freffe,  unb 


134  BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 

fuf)r  einftmeilen  nad^  §aufe»  ^ie  ber  ^nec^t  anfatn,  fragte  her 
$crr  neugierig:  „S!flun,  tda^  frifet  bie  ^a^e?"  —  „2ltle^!"  mar 
bie  5lnth)ort  ,M^^?"  —  n3a,  alk^l"  mv  ber  hjieber^olte 
SBefd^eib,  „(Si,  bel^iit  un^  ®ott  t)or  fo  einem  Xier!"  (Sprad^'^ 
unb  fd^icfte  bie  ^a^e  augenblidlid^  n^ieber  priid, 

?.  33c(!^ftcin. 

^er  SSiberftatt 

!Dcr  fleine  ©eorg  mufete  nod^  nid^tg  Don  bem  SBiberl^att, 
(Sinmal  fd^rle  er  auf  ber  SSiefe:  „§o,  Ifiopp!"  ©ogleid^  riefg 
Im  naf)en  iSSalbd^en  aud^:  „§o,  f)opp!"  (gr  rief  l^ierauf  ber^ 
iDunbert:  „^tv  bift  bu?"  ^ie  ©tinttne  rief  aud^:  „2Ber  bift 
bu?"  dv  fd^rie:  „3)u  bift  ein  bummer  3unge!"  unb  —  „bummer 
3unge!"  l^aKte  e^  au6  bem  SSalbe  surlidf.  ©eorg  iDarb  (trger- 
Iid&  unb  rief  immer  cirgere  ©d^impfnamen  in  ben  SSalb  l^inein. 
5ltle  f)al(ten  getreulid^  mieber  surildf*  @r  fud&te  f)ierauf  ben 
bermeinten  ^naben  im  gan^en  iSBalbd^en,  um  fid^  an  i{)m  gu 
rad^en,  fonnte  aber  niemanb  finben.  ^ierauf  lief  er  nad§  §aufe 
unb  flagte  e^  ber  ^utttv,  tt)ie  ein  bofer  ^ube  fid^  im  iESalbc 
berftedft  unb  if)n  gefd^impft  l)ahe.  3)ie  93?utter  fprad^:  „!^ieg= 
mal  {)aft  bu  bid^  felbft  angeflagt  ^u  ^a\t  nid^t^  bemommen 
aU  ben  iEBiberfiall  beiner  eignen  iBorte»  ^atteft  bu  ein  freunb^ 
lid^e^  ilBort  in  ben  SSalb  f)ineingerufen,  fo  toare  bir  aud&  ein 
freunblid^e^  jurildfgefommen." 

^0^  ayiittageffcn  im  ^ofc 

Tlan  flagt  f)(iufig  bariiber,  mie  fd^ttier  unb  unmoglid^  e^  fei, 
mit  mand^en  2)?enfd^en  au^jufommen.  !^ag  mag  benn  freilid^ 
aud^  toa^x  fein.  ^nbeffen  finb  Diele  t)on  fold^en  SD?enfd^en  nid^t 
fd^Iimm,  fonbern  nur  iDunberlid^,  unb  inenn  man  fie  nur  im^ 
mer  red^t  fennte,  inn)enbig  unb  au^menbig,  unb  red&t  mit  ijnen 


SUPPLEMENTARY   READING  135 

umgUQel^en  toix^tt,  nie  gu  eigenftnnig  unb  nie  gu  nad^Qtebig,  fo 
tdixvc  manci^er  mol^r  unb  leid^t  gur  iBefinnung  ju  bringen,  ^a^ 
ift  boc^  einertt  ^ebienten  mit  feinem  §errn  gelungen.  T)tm 
fonnte  er  mand^mal  gar  ntc^t^  rec^t  madden  unb  mufete  biele^ 
entgelten,  tttovan  er  unfd^ulbtg  hjar,  tote  e^  oft  gel^t. 

(Bo  tarn  einmal  ber  §err  fel^r  berbriefelld^  nac^  ^aufe  unb 
fe^te  ftc^  sum  9D^ittageffen»  ^a  toar  bie  Buppc  gu  l^eife  ober 
gu  fait  ober  feine^  Don  beiben;  aber  genug,  ber  §err  toar  t)er= 
briefetic^,  ©r  fafete  baf)er  bie  ©c^iiffel  mit  bem,  toa^  barinnen 
toar,  unb  toarf  fie  burc^  ba^  offne  genfter  in  ben  §of  ^imh. 
i£3a^  tat  l)ierauf  ber  Wiener?  ^urj  befonnen  toarf  er  ha^ 
gleifc^,  ba6  er  eben  auf  ben  ^ifd^  fteKen  toollte,  mir  nid^t^  bir 
nic^t^,  ber  ©uppe  nad^  auc§  in  ben  ^of  l^inab,  bann  ba^  ^rot, 
bann  ben  iEBein  unb  enblid^  ba^  ^ifd^tud^  mit  allem,  toa^  nod^ 
barauf  toar* 

„53ern3egener,  h)a6  foil  ba^  fein?"  fragte  ber  §err  unb  ful^r 
mit  brol^enbem  3om  oon  bem  ©effel  auf.  Hber  ber  ^ebiente 
ertoiberte  gan^  Mi  unb  rul^ig:  „53ersei]^en  Bk  mir,  toenn  'v^  3bt*e 
9}?einung  nid^t  erraten  l^abe.  S^  glaubte  nid^t  anber^,  aU  Bk 
toollten  l^eute  in  bem  §ofe  fpeifen.  ^ie  ?uft  ift  fo  f)eiter,  ber 
^immel  fo  blau,  unb  fe^en  ©ie  nur,  toie  lieblid^  ber  21pfelbaum 
UVi%  unb  toie  frol^lid^  bk  Sienen  U)xm  33?ittag  l)alten!"  — 
^ie^mal  bie  (Suppe  fiinabgetoorfen  unb  ntmmer!  3)er  §err 
erfannte  feinen  ge^Ier,  ^eiterte  fid^  im  Inblidf  beg  fd^onen  grlx^^ 
lingg^immelg  auf,  Ittc^elte  l^eimlid^  iiber  ben  fcOnellen  @infal( 
feineg  ^luftoarter^  unb  banfte  i^m  im  ©erjen  fiir  bie  gute  ^ef)re. 

Sttiei  njtffen  t§ 

(gin  ^anbtoerf^burfd^e  fanb  einen  ^eutel  mit  (^tlb,  BoQkid) 
iibergab  er  il^n  ber  Dbrigfeit  ber  ncid^ften  Btabt,  bamit  fie  ben 
^igentlimer  ermittle.    ^a  fagte  fein  ^amerab  p  il^m:  „^a^ 


136  beginners'   GERMAN 

fiir  cin  ^or  bift  bu!  $atteft  bu  ba^  ©elb  nid^t  befialten  f5n- 
nen?  SBcr  tDufete  eg  benn,  ha^  bu  c^  gefunben  l^atteft?"  :Der 
§anblt)erfgburfd)e  gab  jur  HntiDort:  „£),  rebe  mir  nic^t  alfo! 
(gg  toufeten  s^et  barum:  mein  @ott,  ben  id^  fiird^te,  unb  mein 
©emlffen,  ba^  mic^  rid^tet*" 

^er  SBafunget  ©tabtgalgcn 

Dberl^alb  iSSafungen  im  3:]f)liringerlanbe  ftanb  auf  ctnem 

^iigel  feitmctrt^  ber  ^anbftrafee  em  alter  ©algen,  ber  gel^drte  ber 

(Btabt  eigentiimlid^,    9^un  iDurbe  einmal  ein  frember  ^ieb 

eingebrac^t  unb  fotlte  an  ben  SSafunger  (Stabtgalgen  gel^enft 

tnerben,    !Da  traten  aber  bk  iCSafunger  9?atg]^erren  bagegen 

auf  unb  fprad^en:  „^ir  l^aben  f)ier  elnen  ©algen  fiir  ung, 

unfre  ^tnber  unb  ^inbe^finber  unb  brauc^en  feme  fremben 

armen  (giinber  bran!"    ^Bitten  alfo  nic^t,  ba^  jener  T)ith  baxan 

gel^enft  tryuxbt.    Unb  ba  fie  nun  ntd^t  n)u6ten,  tva^  fie  mit  il^m 

anfangen  foKten,  gaben  fie  ii)m  ein  (BtM  ®elb  unb  fagten  il^m, 

er  f oEe  fid§  feiner  iSSege  padfen  unb  fid^  l^enfen  laffen,  n)o  er  J^uft 

f)abe, 

S.  33c(|[tcin. 

2Banbrer)g  $«a^taeb 

liber  atten  ©ipfeln 

3ft  ^Uf), 

3n  arten  iSSipfeln 

©piireft  bu 

^aum  einen  §aud^; 

^ie  53ogeIein  fd^meigen  im  iJBalbe. 

iESarte  nur,  balbe 

^ul^eft  bu  aud§. 

©oeti^c. 


SUPPLEMENTARY   READING  137 

^cr  fro^c  SBanbcr^mann 

1,  iSBem  ®ott  mill  recite  ©unft  ermeifen, 
!Den  f(^t(ft  er  in  bie  meite  SBelt,    . 
!Denx  tDtIt  er  feme  SSunber  iDeifen 

3n  ^erg  unb  3BaIb  unb  ©trom  unb  gelb. 

2,  !Dte  i8(i(^Iein  bon  ben  iBergen  fprlngen, 
2)ie  ^erd^en  fd^mirren  t)o<i)  t)or  Suft: 
i£3a^  foltt^  t(^  nid^t  mtt  tl^nen  ftngen 
^u^  boiler  ^e^F  unb  frifc^er  «ruft? 

3,  ^en  lieben  @ott  laff^  td^  nur  bjalten; 
^er  ^ctd^Iein,  ^erd^en,  SSalb  unb  gelb 
Unb  dvW  unb  §immet  toltt  erf)alten, 
$at  aud^  ttiein  (5ad^'  auf^  beff  befteitt! 

3of.  t)on  (gid^cnborff. 


REPRODUCTIONS 

Lesson  27 

When  school  was  out,  it  was  dark,  and  black  clouds  were 
in  the  sky.  As  the  scholars  came  out  into  the  street,  it  be- 
gan to  rain,  at  first  only  a  few  drops,  then  more  and  more. 
All  of  a  sudden,  very  heavy  drops  fell  upon  the  scholars 
who  were  running  to  seek  a  placewhere  they  could  find  shel- 
ter. But  in  a  short  time,  the  rain  ceased^  and  the  bright 
sun  came  through  the  clouds.  It  had  been  only  a  sudden 
heavy  shower. 

Lesson  29 

A  nobleman,  who  owned  a  beautiful  garden,  was  taking  a 
walk  one  day  in  his  park.  As  he  was  walking  around,  he 
saw  his  gardener,  who  was  sleeping  in  the  shade  of  a  tree. 
The  latter  had  not  expected  his  master,  as  the  weather  was 
very  warm.  When  the  nobleman  found  his  servant  rest- 
ing instead  of  working,  he  became  very  angry,  and  called 
the  man  a  rogue,  not  fit  for  the  sun  to  shine  upon.  But 
the  gardener  calmly  repHed:  "That  is  the  reason  why  I  am 
lying  in  the  shade."    So  the  master  forgot  his  anger. 

Lesson  31 

Two  maids  were  going  to  a  large  town  with  heavy  baskets 
of  fruit  which  they  carried  on  their  heads.  One  of  them 
was  grumbUng,  all  the  time,  while  the  other  joked  about 
her  work.  Soon  the  first  maid  said  to  the  second:  "How  is 
it  that  you  can  laugh  when  you  are  carrying  just  as  heavy 
1  l^firtc  .  .  .  auf. 
138 


REPRODUCTIONS  1 39 

a  basket  as  I  am  carrying?  Are  you  stronger  than  I?" 
"No,"  answered  the  second  girl,  ''my  basket  is  not  Kghter 
than  yours  and  I  am  not  stronger  than  you,  but  I  do  not 
feel  my  heavy  load  because  I  have  a  precious  herb  with 
me  that  makes  my  burden  lighter.  This  precious  herb  is 
patience." 

Lesson  32 

The  industrious  farmer  tills  the  soil  for  us  and  plants 
large  and  small  grains  of  corn.  The  corn  grows  by  and  by 
into  high  stalks  with  many  ears  of  corn.  The  miller  makes 
fine  flour  out  of  the  corn,  and  the  baker  bakes  bread  from 
it.    Everybody  is  fond  of  good  bread. 

Lesson  33 

The  first  German  Emperor  in  the  new  empire  was  Wil- 
liam I,  who  reached  the  ripe  old  age  of  almost  ninety-one 
years.  When  he  died  in  1888,  his  sick  son  ascended  the 
throne.  The  second  German  Emperor  was  called  Fred- 
erick III  and  was  a  favorite  with  the  German  people.  But 
he  died  after  he  had  been  Emperor  for  only  ninety-nine 
days.  The  third  German  Emperor  is  the  present  ruler  of 
the  Fatherland.  William  II  was  born  in  1859.  His  wife 
is  Auguste  Victoria,  and  they  have  seven  children,  six 
princes  and  one  princess.  The  oldest  son  has  the  title  of 
crown-prince. 

Lesson  34 

The  new  German  Empire  has  been  in  existence  since  the 
Franco-Prussian  war  —  since  187 1.  The  United  States  is 
considerably  larger  than  the  German  Empire  but  has  a 
population  only  one  third  greater  than  that  of  Germany. 
The  King  of  Prussia  —  Prussia  is  the  largest  kingdom  —  is 


I40  BEGINNERS     GERMAN 

hereditary  German  Emperor.  In  case  of  an  attack,  he  has 
the  right  of  declaring  war,  and  is  the  sole  representative  of 
the  Empire  in  negotiations  with  foreign  powers.  The  Em- 
peror is  commander-in-chief  of  the  army  and  navy.  How- 
ever, he  has  not  the  veto-power. 

Among  the  twenty-six  states  there  are  four  kingdoms: 
Prussia,  Bavaria,  Saxony,  and  Wiirttemberg.  All  the 
states  send  plenipotentiaries  to  the  Federal  Council,  which 
convenes  in  BerHn,  the  capital  of  Prussia  and  of  the  German 
Empire.  The  German  citizens  elect  their  own  representa- 
tives to  Parliament.  The  Emperor,  the  Federal  Council, 
and  Parliament  make  laws  and  determine  the  budget  for 
the  Empire. 

Besides  Berlin,  the  largest  and  most  important  cities  are 
Hamburg,  Munich,  Leipzig,  and  Dresden. 

Lesson  37 

A  rich  merchant  whose  dog  was  very  watchful  had  been 
riding  one  day  to  market,  where  he  had  made  a  good  deal 
of  money.  On  his  way  home  he  lost  his  money-bag  with- 
out noticing  it.  The  faithful  dog,  who  had  seen  the  money 
fall,  began  to  bark  so  loud  that  his  master  beat  him.  The 
dog,  however,  did  not  stop  but  kept  on  barking.  The 
merchant  then  shot  his  dog,  because  he  thought  the  animal 
had  gone  mad.  After  a  while  he  discovered  the  loss  of  his 
money  and  rode  back  to  find  it.  At  the  very  place  where 
his  money  had  dropped,  his  faithful  dog  lay  dead. 

Lesson  38 

A  dog  which  had  stolen  a  large  piece  of  meat  was  crossing 
a  small  river  on  a  narrow  plank.     When  he  saw  his  own 


REPRODUCTIONS  I4I 

picture  in  the  clear  water,  he  dropped  the  meat,  for  he 
thought  that  he  had  seen  another  dog  with  a  piece  of  meat. 
So  in  the  end  he  had  nothing  at  all,  because  he  had  been 
too  greedy. 

Lesson  39 

New  York,  April  19,  191 2. 

Dear  Sir: 

Your  letter  of  the  i6th  inst.  reached  me  yesterday.  If 
you  could  come  to  see  me  Saturday  next,  I  should  be  very 
much  obliged  to  you.  We  could  then  talk  matters  over  at 
our  leisure. 

Hoping  to  hear  from  you  soon,  I  remain,  with  kindest 
regards. 

Yours  very  sincerely, 

Lester  Jones. 

Lesson  40 

Schools  are  either  private  or  public  institutions.  The 
cities  have  the  pubhc  schools  built.  The  purpose  of  all  the 
schools,  of  course,  is  to  educate  the  youth  of  the  land  in 
those  matters  which  all  children  must  know  so  as  to  be- 
come useful  citizens.  Those  children  who  do  not  care  to 
attend  a  pubHc  school  may  go  to  private  institutions. 
Everybody,  however,  has  to  attend  school  between  the  ages 
of  six  and  fourteen  years.  After  that,  children  may  leave 
school  and  go  to  work. 

Lesson  41 

One  day  a  man  was  travehng  on  foot  on  a  highway. 
Toward  evening  he  was  overtaken  by  a  coachman,  who 
seemed  to  be  in  a  great  hurry,  as  he  was  beating  his  horses 


142 

fiercely.  The  wanderer  felt  sorry  for  the  animals  and 
asked  the  driver  why  he  was  hurrying  so.  The  latter  said 
he  wanted  to  reach  the  town  before  nightfall.  Shortly 
afterwards  the  jnan  overtook  a  wagon  lying  by  the  road- 
side, and  knew  that  it  belonged  to  the  driver  whom  he 
had  seen  a  short  time  before.  It  is  worth  while  to  make 
haste  slowly. 

Lesson  42 

A  man  who  had  three  friends  was  summoned  to  court. 
He  asked  his  friends  to  go  with  him  to  be  his  witnesses. 
His  two  very  best  friends,  however,  forsook  him  in  the  hour 
of  need  and  did  not  appear  before  the  judge.  The  third 
friend,  towards  whom  he  had  felt  indifferent,  was  the  only 
one  who  gladly  rendered  testimony  in  his  behalf. 

Who  are  the  three  friends  of  man? 

Are  they  not  money,  friends,  and  good  deeds? 

By  what  friends  is  everyone  forsaken  after  death? 

Who  alone  finds  mercy  before  God? 


GRAMMATICAL   TABLES 

I.     Declension  of  the  Definite  Article: 
3)er-words. 

II.     Declension  of  the  Indefinite  Article: 
(Sin-words. 

III.  Declension  of  the  Personal  Pronouns. 

IV.  Declension  of  the  Interrogative  Pronouns. 
V.     Declension  of  the  Relative  Pronouns. 

VI.     Declension  of  Nouns: 

A.  Weak. 

B.  Strong. 

C.  Mixed. 

VII.     Declension  of  Adjectives: 

A.  Strong. 

B.  Weak  (and  Mixed). 

VIII.  Comparison  of  Adjectives  and  Adverbs. 

IX.  Numerals. 

X.  Prepositions. 

XI.  Conjunctions. 

XII.  Conjugation   of  Auxiliaries  of  Tense:   {)aben,  feln, 
Vcerben. 

XIII.  Conjugation  of  Modal  Auxiliaries. 

XIV.  Conjugation  of  Weak  Verbs:  Active  and  Passive. 
XV.  Conjugation  of  Reflexive  Verbs. 

XVI.     Irregular  Weak  Verbs. 

XVII.     Compound  Verbs:  Inseparable,  Separable  (Varia- 
ble). 
XVIII.     Conjugation  of  Strong  Verbs  and  List  of  Strong 
Verbs. 

143 


144  BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 

I.    Declension  of  the  Definite  Article. 

Singular 


Plural 


MASCULINE 

FEMININE            NEUTER 

Norn. 

ber 

bie              ba^ 

bie 

Gen. 

be^ 

ber            be« 

ber 

Dat. 

bem 

ber            bem 

beti 

Ace. 

ben 

bie             ba^ 
^er-woRDS 

bie 

Like  bcr,  hk,  ba^  are  declined: 

btefer,  biefe,  bief e^;  folc^er,  folcje,  fotd^e^;     mand^er,  mand^e,  manc^e^; 
iener,  jene,  jene^;    tcelc^er,  h)el(^e,  h)elc^e^;  jeber,  iebe,  jebe^ 

(Plural:  aHe), 


n.    Declension  of  the  Indefinite  Article. 

Singular 

Plural- 

MASCULINE 

FEMININE 

NEUTEU 

Nom.     cin 

eine 

ein 

(einige) 

Gen.      eine§ 

ciner 

eineS 

(einifier) 

Dat.      einem 

cincr 

einem 

(einigen) 

Ace.      einen 

einc 

ein 

(einige) 

^n-WORDS 

Like  cin,  cine,  cin  are  declined: 

fein,  feine,  fein  v'     "ntein,  mcine,  mein 
bein,  beine,  bein 

(fein,  feinc,  fein 
i^r,  il)rc,  i^r 
fein,  feine,  fein 


unfer,  nnf(e)re,  unfer 
euer,  cure,  ener 
i()r,  i^re,  il^r 
mv,  3^6re,  3^r) 


GRAMMATICAL   TABLES 


145 


III.    Declension  of  the  Personal  Pronouns. 


Singular 

ist   Person 

2d  Person 

3d  Person 

MASCULINE 

FEMININE 

NEUTER 

Nom. 

i« 

bu 

er 

fie 

e^ 

Gen. 

meiner 

beitier 

feiner 

if)rcr 

feiner 

DaU 

mir 

bir 

if)m 

itir 

if)m 

Ace. 

mvS) 

m 

i^n 

fie 

eS 

Plural 


ist  Person      2d  Person 


3d  Person 


Nom. 

tQXX 

i^r 

fie 

(®ie) 

Gen. 

unfer 

euer 

ifirer 

(3^rer) 

Dat. 

Utt^ 

cud^ 

tl^nen 

(3^nen) 

Ace. 

un^ 

cuc^ 

fie 

(©ie) 

IV.    Declension  of  the  Interrogative  Pronotins. 


Nom.      h)er                 tt)a« 

Gen.       trieffen              — 

Dat.       mem                 — 

Ace.       iDen                toa« 

V.    Declension  of  the  Relative  Pronouns. 

Singular 

Plural 

MASCULINE                FEMININE                   NEUTER 

N.  ber,  n3elc^er       bie,  njelc^e      ba^,  n)eld^eg 

bie,  inelc^e 

G.    beffctt              beren            beffen 

bcren 

D.   bent,  njetc^em    ber,  Vdt\^tx    bem,  n)el(5em 

bencn,  treld^en 

A.    ben,  rt)et($en      bie,  h)elc§e      ba^,  tnetc^e^ 

bie,  tDelc^e 

146 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


VI.    Declension  of  Nouns.  ^ 

A.  WEAK:  the  -n  declension.  (iVo  Umlaut  in  Plural.) 
Singular 

Nom.  bic  grau,  bic  :^ef)rcrm  bcr  ^nabc,  ber  SO^enfc^ 

Gen.    ber  grau,  bcr  !i?e{)rerin  beg  ^'nabcn,  beg  9>Jen[(5cn 

Dat.    ber  grau,  ber  Sef)rerin  bem  ^naben,  bem  9D^en[(5cn 

-4cc.     bie  grau,  bie  Sef)rerin  ben  ^naben,  ben  9}ienf(^en 


Plural 
Nom.  bie  graucn,  bie  Sefirerinnen 
Ge«.    ber  grauen,  ber  l^el^rerinnen 
Dat.    ben  grauen,  ben  Sef)rerinnen 
Ace.    bie  grauen,  bie  ^e^rerinnen 


bie  ^naben,  bie  9D?en[c^en 
ber  ^naben,  ber  SJJenfc^en 
ben  ^naben,  ben  9}Jen[(f)en 
bie  ^naben,  bie  9}^enfc§en 


B 

.    STRONG 

First  Class 

;:  the  No-ending  class. 
Singular 

Nom. 

ber  S3atcr,  ber  SSogcI 

bie  gWutter,  bie  2:od^ter 

\itL^  M'&'iiisitn 

Gen. 

beS  S3ater^,  beg  33o8cl^ 

ber  Splutter,  ber  Xod^ter 

beg  gWabc^enig 

Dat. 

bem  33ater,  bem  53o9eI 

ber  ajiutter,  ber  Zo^itx 

bem  Wah^m 

Ace. 

ben  SSater,  ben  SSoget 

bie  aiTJutter,  bie  Xoc^ter 
Plural 

\ia^  ai^cibc^en 

Nom. 

bie  S3ater,  bie  55ft9el 

bie  ayjittter,  bie  Stdc^ter 

bie  mmtn 

Gen. 

ber  S3(iter,  ber  SBoqcI 

ber  abutter,  ber  Jod^ter 

ber  9D^ab(icn 

Dat. 

ben  «atern,  ben  SSdgeIn 

ben  9D^iittern,  ben  Jod^tern 

ben  W&h6)tn 

Ace. 

bie  SSiiter,  bie  SSogel 

bie  2«iitter,  bie  Joc^ter 

bie  2)J(ib(^en 

Second  Class:  the  -c  class. 

Singular 

Nom. 

.    ber  Sa^^r  ^cr  ^ag 

bie  §anb 

\ia^  3ar)r 

Gen. 

beg  Sa^nc^,  beg  2:agc^           ber  ^anb 

beg  3a^re^ 

Dat. 

bem  c3ci^n(e),  bem  2:ag(e)        ber  ^anb 

bem  3ci^^(e) 

Ace. 

Den  S^^iM,  ben  ^^ag 

bie  §anb 

bag  3a]^r 

1  Nouns  are  to  be  found  in  the  vocabulary. 


GRAMMATICAL  TABLES  147 

Plural 

Norn,    bie  3ft^ttc,  bie  ^^agc  bie  §(lnbc  bte  3a^t:e 

Ge/?.      ber  3ttf)ne,  ber  ^age  ber  §anbe  ber  3a{)re 

Z>a/.      ben  ^tt^^^tt/  ^^^  2:agett  ben  ^cinben        ben  3a()rcn 

Ace.      bie  3«^i^e,  bie  Xa%^  bie  ^cinbe  bie  3a()re 

Third  Class:  the  -cr  class  {always  Umlaut  in  Plural). 
Singular 

Norn,     'td^  53u(5  ber  9D?ann 

Gen.      beg  58uc^c^  beg  SJJannc^ 

Dat.       bem  33u(5(e)  bent  9}?ann(e) 

Ace.       hd^  ^u(^  ben  9)Jann 

Plural 

Nom.     bie  58iic5er  bie  SO^iinner 

Gen.      ber  ^iid^er  ber  9}Janner 

i9a;.       ben  iBiid^em  ben  SQJannem 

^cc.       bie  iBlic^er  bie  9D?anner 


C.  MIXED  DECLENSION 

Nom.  ber  ©taat  bag  5lngc,  ba^  £)^x 

Gen.  beg  ®taatc^  beg  5lngc^,  beg  Of)re^ 

Z)a/.  bem  ®taat(e)  bem  5luge,  bem  O^r(e) 

Ace.  ben  ©taat  bag  5luge,  bag  €)^x 

Plural 

Nom.  bie  ©taatcn  bie  5Iugen,  bie  Ol^ren 

Gen,  ber  <Staaten  ber  5lugen,  ber  O^ren 

Dat.  ben  <Btaattn  ben  2Iugen,  ben  0()ren 

Ace.  bie  ©taaten  bie  Hngen,  bie  £)^xm 


I4» 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


VII.    Declension  of  Adjectives. 

A.  STRONG  (like  the  definite  article). 


Singular 

Norn. 

Ueber  5Bater 

liebc  grau 

Ikht^  ^inb 

Gen. 

liebc^  (-en)  S3aterg     liebcr  grau 

liebc^  (-en)  tinbeg 

Dat. 

liebcm  S3ater 

liebcr  grau 

liebcm  ^inb(e) 

Ace. 

Iiebcn  33ater 

liebc  grau 
Plural 

liebc)^  ^inb 

Norn. 

Itebc  mitt  ' 

liebe  grauen 

liebe  ^inber 

Gen. 

liebcr  ^Sitter 

lieber  grauen 

lieber  Winter 

Dat. 

Iiebcn  58atem 

lieben  grauen 

lieben  ^inbem 

Ace. 

liebc  max 

liebe  grauen 

liebe  ^inber 

B. 

WEAK  (and  MIXED) 
Singular 

Norn. 

bcr  liebc  SSoter 

btc  liebc  %XQXL 

\>a§  liebc  ^inb 

ein  liebcr  S3ater 

cine  liebe  ^^rou 

cin  liebc^  ^inb 

Gen. 

beg  Iiebcn  SSatcr6 

ber  Iiebcn  grau 

be«  Iiebcn  tinbe« 

cineS  lieben  9Sater6 

ciner  lieben  grau 

cineS  lieben  ^inbe6 

Dat. 

bcm  Iiebcn  S3atcr 

ber  Iiebcn  grau 

bem  Iiebcn  ^inb(e) 

cinem  licben  SSater 

ciner  lieben  grau 

cinem  lieben  ^inb(e) 

Ace. 

ben  Iiebcn  S3ater 

bic  liebe  grau 

has  liebe  ^inb 

einen  lieben  S3ater 

cine  liebe  grau 
Plural 

ein  liebciS  ^inb 

Nom. 

bic   Itebcn 

Gen. 

ber   Iiebcn      -^ 

Dat. 

ben    Iiebcn 
(feinen) 

•  S3atem 

grauen 

.  ^inbem 

Ace. 

bie   Iiebcn 
(feine) 

■  S3ater 
grauen 
I  tinber 

GRAMMATICAL   TABLES 


149 


Like  bcr  KeBc  SSater,  etc.,  are  declined: 

berjenige         bie}enige         ba^ienige 

berfelbe  biefelbe  ba^felbe 

ber  mein(tg)e  biemein(ig)e  ba^  Tnein(ig)e 


bieicnigen 

biefelben 

bie  metn(ig)en,  etc. 


VIII.     Comparison  of  Adjectives  and  Adverbs. 


Adjective 


Adverb 


POSI- 
TIVE 

COMPARA- 
TIVE 

SUPE1?T,ATIVE 

POSI- 
TIVE 

COMPARA- 
TIVE 

SUPERLATIVE 

reid^ 

retc^cr 

bcr  retd^ftc 

reicS 

reic^er 

am  reid^ften 

arm 

ftrmer 

ber  firmfte 

arm 

armer 

am  arm[ten 

fait 

falter 

ber  faltcftc 

fait 

fttlter 

am  fttlteften 

furs 

fiirger 

ber  fiirgcfte 

furs 

fiirger 

am  fUrgeften 

gut 

beffer 

ber  befte 

gut 

beffer 

am  beften 

Die! 

(me()r) 

ber  meiftc 

t)iet 

mel^r 

am  metften 

Adjectives  in  the  comparative  or  superlative  are  declined  in  the  same 
manner  as  adjectives  in  the  positive  degree. 

For  the  English  predicate  superlative  without  the,  German  uses  the 
om-form.  / 


IX.    Numerals. 


1  ein6 

2  gtt)et 

3  brei 

4  i)ier 

5  m 

6  fec^g 

7  fieben 

8  ac^t 

9  neun 
10  gel)n 


11  elf 

12  gtDOlf 

13  bretgel)n 

14  t)iergel)n 

15  Wsel)n 

16  [ec^selin 

17  fteb3el)n 

18  ad^tsel)n 

19  neunjel)n 

20  atDangig 


Cardinals 

30  breifttg 

40  'okxm 

50  fiinfstg 

60  fed^gtg 

70  fielbsig 

80  ad^tsig 

90  neunjig 

100  f)unbert 

999  neun^unbert  ncununbneuugtg 

1000  taufeub 


ISO 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


Ordinals 


I  St,   ber  crfte 

nth,  ber  elfte 

2d,    ber  gn)eitc 

19th,  ber  neunjel^ntc 

3d,    ber  britte 

20th,  ber  gtDan^igftc 

4th,  ber  Dierte 

2ist,   ber  emunbgtranjigfte 

5th,  ber  fiinfte 

30th,  ber  breifeigftc 

6th,  ber  fec^fte 

40th,  ber  biergigfte 

7  th,  ber  fteb(en)te 

looth,  ber  f)unbertfte 

8th,  ber  arfitc 

loist,    ber  f)unberter[te 

9th,  ber  neuntc 

200th,  ber  gmeil^unbertfte 

loth,  ber  ge^ntc 

loooth,  ber  taufenbfte 

X.    Prepositions. 

WITH  THE                 WITH   THE 

WITH  DATIVE                     WITH  THE 

DATIVE                 ACCUSATIVE 

OR  ACCUSATIVE                   GENITIVE 

tnit                 burd^ 

an                    it)(i()renb 

nad^               fiir 

auf                   inegen 

bet                 otjut 

f)inter               trol? 

t)ort                gegen 

\     neben                 (an)ftatt 

Su                  urn 

in 

au^ 

iiber 

feit 

unter 

aufeer 

\)0V 

gmifd^en 

E.g.    3d^  fte{)e  ait  bcm  genfter,  aber  id^  gefie  an  bag  genfter. 


XI.     Conjunctions. 


unb 
ober 


Coordinating 

aber  [onbem 

benn         (allein) 


E.g. 


Sir  Uefen  auf  bie  ©trage,  benn  unfer  i^el^rer  ^attc  e^  be^ 
fo()Ien. 


GRAMMATICAL   TABLES 


151 


The  other  conjunctions  are  subordinating 
E.g.    SSir  Itefen  auf  bie  ©trafee,  totxl  unfer  Sefirer  e§  befol^ten 

Cf.   2Bir  liefen  auf  bie  (Strafee,  bic  nod^  gatis  nafe  itiar. 
Subordinating 


alg 

ba6 

ob 

t»a()renb 

(bet)or)  efie 

[0  'aa^ 

alg  ob 

toeil 

bi« 

inbem 

obGlei($,  obh)of)I 

h)enn 

ba 

na(5bem 

feit,  feitbem 

tDeTiTigtei(5 

bamlt 

fobalb  at6 

h)ie 

152 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


<3J 


en 


>i3>  ^'^  <^ 


>C3- 


-t-»  -*-»   A^    -d 


rt-g  ^  fii§^®^   ^M  ^  B&'if-^  ^S 


<35    ^ 


-^^    ^      ?t 


mM  ^    fii&©^    rg^^  ^    B&'§ 


.;:2  .A 


>^ 


H 
O 

W 


GRAMMATICAL  TABLES 


153 


Co    « 


<33 


r§^J 


♦  S 


BBS 


g 

pj 

s 

H 

pit 

B 

t3 

^ 

k^ 

D 

f^ 

p^ 

^      §    vO 


"^  ^  ?^ 


sO 


03       -4-* 


fi 


fi    fiS 


^•^      fi 


.»  JO    S 


^     S3 

5  ^ 


w 


j-i    p^    Ph 


§ 

p 

>o 

g 

^i3^ 

0 

-«-> 

u 

sO 

« 

^0^ 

0 

JS 

c» 

< 

C3 

(J 

« 

Jz; 

^c^ 

^ 

0 

«      * 

p: 

hH 

«> 

0 

1 

^  : 
I  fi 

sO 

> 

yO     sO     «X> 

* 

1 

cs    «    cs 

H 

♦ 

0 

sC3-  rf5«  >£5^ 

^ 

<^ 

'cT  Q» 

^ 

1^ 

s 

1 

,>0     "W 

ii 

1— 1 

i 

fL, 

m 

5  8 

■s 

154 


^       ®  ^  -§  tj  .g  g       ^  S  ^  =«  -§  =1  ^        » s 


€ 


o 
v»  fi  fi 

g  S-  fi  «    «3 

^         «^^"S  diSst:is       :: 


H 

c« 

<; 

fe 

H 

H 

O 

H-l 

N 

« 

Ph 

H 

o 

g 

w  w   s   rt  w 


GRAMMATICAL  TABLES  1 55 


0 

•M 

- 

<u 

0 

6 

■JB 

.B 

d 

fi  fi 

♦ 

& 

t-? 

II 

it 

fi  fi 

0 
JO 

1 

1 

0 

S 

0 
u 

H 

'-^  fi 

11 

en     . 

1 

J=> 

=5 

3 

fi 

^fi 

fi 

1 

1— 1 

w 

fi 
fi 

.^5 

mM 

0 

£ 

.^ 

0 

it 

fi 

fi 

1 

pq 

l-H 

PL, 

1 

PM 

fi    fi 

j^ 

fi 

> 
1— 1 

H 

H 

^ 

^ — ' 

?-> 

H 

U 

Iz; 

PM 
H 

C/3 

rt5 

0 

fi 

5 

en 
W 

6 

0 

W 

« 

<J 

■4^ 

H 

Ah 

Ph 

Si 

cJ 

ji' 

1— ( 

d 

<u  ■ 

'S> 

0 

c 

^ 

S 

u 

fi  ^ 

.B 

.^> 

«b>         <L> 

It 

§      CO 

5-» 

'0 

^ 

h) 

fS 

03       ♦ 

* 

fi 

* 

* 

<3 

d 

»        ^ 

,  * 

* 

, 

Iz; 

^ 

^ 

♦        ♦ 

♦  I 

<»S) 

s 
0 

. 

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BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


XVI.    Irregular  Weak  Verbs. 


INFINITIVE 

PRETERIT 

PAST  PARTICIPLE 

brennen 
rennen 

brannte 
rannte 

fiebrannt 
tft  gerannt 

fennen 
nennen 

fanntc 
nannte 

gefannt 
genannt 

fenben 
toenben 

fanbte 
n)anbtc 

gefanbt 
fien)anbt 

bringen 
benfen 

brad^tc 
bad^te 

gebad^t 

h)iffen  (id^  toeife) 

h3u6tc 

fiemugt 

Note:   Bennett  ®ic  ben  oltcn  'Mann? 

'iRdn,  id)  fcnnc  it)n  nid^t,  aber  id)  ttjctft,  too  cr  tool^nt. 


XVII.    Compound  Verbs. 

I.  Inseparable 

Verbs  compounded  with  one  of  the  six  wwaccented  prefixes: 

be-         ent-         er- 
ge-        t)er-        ser- 

are  conjugated  like  the  simple  verbs.     But  the  past  participle 
is  without  the  augment  gc-. 
Cf.  Verbs  in  -teren  (marfd^ieren,  nxarfd^ierte,  marfd^iert). 

Note:   ent-  becomes  cmp-  in:  cmpfangcn,  cmpfcl^Icn,  cmpfinbcn. 

II.  Separable 

The  prefix  is  a  part  of  speech  and  is  accented. 

Present  —  id^  mad^e  ble  ^tlr  gu. 
Preterit  —  bu  ntad^teft  bte  Xilr  ju* 
Future  —  er  toirb  bie  2;ilr  jumac^en* 


GRAMMATICAL   TABLES  1 67 

Perfect  —  mlr  I)aben  bie  2:ilren  suaemad^t. 
Pluperfect  —  i^v  {)attet  bie  2:iiren  gugemad^t, 
Perf.  Cond.  —  fie  miirben  bie  2:uren  pgemac^t  i)ahtxu 

Note:   2118  ic^  bie  Xiiv  sumac^tc,  QitiQ  cr  fort. 

III.    Variable 

The  particles: 

burd^,  itfier,  untcr, 
um  unb  micbct  (Winter) 

are  either  separable,  accented,  or  inseparable,  unaccented. 

E.g. 

SEPARABLE  INSEPARABLE 

f  f  *"  1  to  -t  over  ;j';g"  1  to  translate 


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GRAMMATICAL  TABLES  1 69 


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BEGINNERS'    GERMAN 


List  of  Strong  Verbs 


iNFIKmVE 

Pretkrit 

Past  Participib 

hadtn,  bake  (bftdt) 

hut,  hadtt 

gebodfcn 

ftefc^Icn,  command  (bcficl^It) 

befal^I 

befoI)Icn 

ficginncn,  begin 

begann 

begonncn 

bti^tn,  bite 

bife 

gcbiffcn 

hkqtn,  bend 

bSfl 

gcbogcn 

bictctt,  offer 

hot 

gebotcn 

binbcn,  bind 

htmb 

gebunben 

bitten,  beg 

bSt 

gebcten 

blofcn,  blow  (bWft) 

bae« 

geblafcn 

blcibcn,  remain 

biteb 

ift  geblicben 

bratcn,  roast  (brSt) 

brlet 

gebratcn 

brct^cn,  break  (bric^t) 

brad^ 

gebrod^en 

brtngcn,  press 

brang 

ift  gcbrungen 

cmpfc^'tcn,  recommend  (cmp* 

fie^It) 

trmpW 

cmpfol^Icn 

crft^rcrfcn,  become  frightened 

(erfc^rtdft) 

crfd^raf 

Ift  erfci^rocfen 

cffcn,  eat  (ifet) 

afe 

gegeffcn 

ftt^rcn,  drive  (ftt^rt) 

fu^r 

ift  gefal)ren 

fatten,  fall  (fsat) 

m 

ift  gcfallen 

fangen,  catch  (fttngt) 

ntifl 

gefongen 

fet^ten,  fight  (fid^t) 

Mt 

gefod^tcn 

finben,  find 

fanb 

gefunben 

fltegen,  fly 

P58 

ift  geflogcn 

flic^en,  flee 

m 

ift  gcflo^cn 

flie^en,  flow 

m 

ift  geftoffcn 

freffcn,  eat  (of  animals)  (frtfet) 

\m 

gefreffen 

friercn,  freeze 

fror 

gefrorcn 

gebarcn,  give  birth  to  (gcbiert) 

gebar 

geboren 

geben,  give  (gibt) 

sab 

gegcben 

ge^en,  go 

fitng 

ift  gegangen 

gcltngcn,  succeed  (eg  gelingt  mir) 

c^  getang 

C)§  ift  gelungen 

gclten,  be  worth  (gilt) 

gait 

gcgolten 

genefen,  recover 

gcnaS 

ift  gcnefcn 

genie^en,  enjoy 

gcnofe 

genoffen 

gef(^e^en,  happen  (gefc^ic]()t) 

gcfd^af) 

c^  ift  gef(^ef)en 

gchiinnen,  gain 

getoann 

gelDonncn 

giefecn,  pour 

m 

gegoffen 

GRAMMATICAL   TABLES 


171 


Infinitive 
Qhxtiim,  resemble 
gleitcn,  glide 
Qtahcn,  dig  (grSbt) 
grcifcn,  seize 
fatten,  hold  (pit) 


Preterit 
filitt 

firub 
firiff 
fliclt 


l^angctt,  hang  {intrans.)  (^(ingt)    l^ing  {intr 

l^auen,  hew,  strike  t)ieb 

l^cbcn,  lift  f)ob  (l^ub) 

l^ci^Ctt,  call,  be  called  I)ie& 

l^clfcn,  help  (t)ilft)  tialf 

fltngen,  sound  flang 

lomtncn,  come  tarn 

frtcd^en,  creep  frod^ 
labcn,  invite,  load  (lobct,  liibt)   lub 

laffcn,  let  (lafet)  liefe 

(aufcn,  run  (liiuft)  lief 

Icibcn,  suffer  Utt 

Ici^Ctt,  lend  Itcl^ 

(cfen,  read  (Ucft)  VBA 

(icgcn,  lie  lag 

liigcn,  lie  (tell  a  lie)  log 

tncffcn,  measure  (nti&t)  ma^ 

ne^men,  take  (nimmt)  na{)nt 

<)fcifett,  whistle  pfiff 

)>rctfcn,  praise  prieS 

rotcn,  advise  (riit)  rict 

rcibcn,  rub  ricb 

rctften,  tear  rife 

tcitcn,  ride  ritt 

ricd^cn,  smell  r5d^ 

rufcn,  call  ricf 
f ouf en,  drink  {of  animals)  (fSuft)  (off 

fj^offcn,  create  fd^uf 

fd^eibcn,  part  fd^ieb 

fd^etnen,  seem  fd^ten 

f(^cltcn,  scold  (fd^llt)  fd^alt 

fd^te^en,  shoot  fc^ofe 

ft^Iafen,  sleep  (fd^Icift)  fc^Iief 

fd^Iagcn,  strike  (fc^Iagt)  fd^Iug 

fd^Ieid^cn,  sneak  f(^Iic^ 


Past  Participle 

gcglic^en 
ift  geglitten 

gegrabcn 

gegriffen 

gc^alten 
,  and  tr.)  ge{)angen  {intr.  and  tr.) 

gcfiauen 

gef)oben 

gel)cifeen 

gef)otfen 

geflungen 
ift  gcfommen 
ift  gefroc^en 

gcloben 

gclaffcn 
ift  gclaufen 

gelittcn 

gclief)en 

gelefen 

gelegen 

gelogcn 

gemeffcn 

genommen 

gepftffcn 

gcpriefen 

geratcn 

gerteben 

gcriffcn 
ift  gcrittcn 

gcrod^cn 

gerufen 

gefoffcn 

gefc^offen 
{fiat)  ift  gefd^ieben 

gefd^ienen 

gefc^olten 

ge[c^o[[en 

gefd^Iafen 

gefd^Iagen 
ift  ge[(^Iid^en 


172 


BEGINNERS^   GERMAN 


Infinitive 

PRETKRrr 

Past  Participle 

f(^tic^cn,  shut 

mo^ 

gefc^Ioffen 

f(^Iingcn,  sling 

Warn 

gefd^Iungen 

f(^mcl5cn,  melt  (fd^milit) 

fd^molj 

(^at)ift  gefc^molscn 

fc^neibcn,  cut 

fd^nltt 

gcfc^uittcn 

f{^rct&cn,  write 

fd^ricb 

gefd^ricben 

fdircicn,  cry 

fd^ric 

gefd^riecn 

fc^rcUcn,  stride 

fd^ritt 

tft  gcfd^ritten 

fc^hjcigcn,  be  silent 

fc^totcg 

gcfc^micgcn 

fc^hJtmmcn,  swim 

i^toamm 

ift  gefd^mommcn 

id)toinhtn,  vanish 

fd^ioaub 

tft  gefd^iDunben 

fd^hjtngcn,  swing 

f(|h3ang 

gcfc^n)ungcn 

fd^ltJdrcn,  swear 

fd^lDur,  fd^toor         gef(^h)orcn 

fc^cn,  see  ([ief)t) 

fa^ 

gcfefieu 

ftngcn,  sing 

fong 

•      gcfuugcn 

ftnfcn,  sink 

fanf 

ift  gefunfcn 

fmncn,  think 

faun 

gcfonncn 

ft^cn,  sit 

fafe 

gefeffcn 

f^jtnncn,  spin 

fpann 

gcfponnen 

fprgc^cn,  speak  (fprtd^t) 

fljrad^ 

gefprSd^en 

ipm^tn,  sprout 

Wfe 

gcfproffen 

f^^ringcn,  spring 

fpraug 

tft  gcfprungcn 

imcn,  prick  (ftid^t) 

ftad^ 

geftod^cn 

ftcl^cu,  stand 

ftanb 

gcftanbcn 

ftc^tctt,  steal  (ftic^It) 

\m 

gcftol^Ien 

ftcigctt,  climb,  mount 

ftieg 

ift  gcfticgcn 

ftcrficn,  die  (fttrbt) 

ftarb 

ift  geftorbcn 

Wen,  push  (ftdfet) 

ftiefe 

gcftofecn 

ftrct(^cn,  stroke 

ftrid^ 

gcftrid^en 

ftrcitctt,  contend 

[tritt 

geftrittcn 

tragcn,  carry  (trtigt) 

trug 

gctrogcn 

trcffcn,  hit,  meet  (trifft) 

trof 

getroffcn 

trctbcn,  drive 

tricb 

gctricbcn 

trctcn,  tread  (tritt) 

trat 

ift  gctreten 

trinfcn,  drink 

troni 

gctrunfcn 

tun,  do  (tut) 

tat 

gctan 

ticrbcrficn,  ruin,  spoil  (dcrbirbt) 

bcrborb 

ift  berborbcu  (intrans.) 
fiat  bcrborbcn  (trans.) 

kicrgcffcn,  forget  (dergifet) 

bcrgafe 

bergcffcn 

tjcrlicrcn,  lose 

bcrlor 

bcrlorcn 

toat^fcn,  grow  (md)\t) 

toud^S 

ift  gcmad^fen 

GRAMMATICAL   TABLES 


^73 


Infinitive 

Preterit 

Past  PARTiciPtE 

toSfc^en,  wash  {m\(i)t) 

iDUfd^ 

gctoafd^en 

toctd^cn,  yield 

toid^ 

Ift  gcmic^en 

toeifcn,  show 

n){c« 

gehjiefen 

ftjcrfen,  throw  (hjtrft) 

ioarf 

gctoorfcn 

ttJtcgctt,  weigh 

n)08| 

gclDOficn 

gciJ^en,  accuse 

aie^ 

gc3ic{)cn 

jicl^cn,  draw;  move 

m 

ift  moQtn  (intrans.) 
fiat  gcgogcn  (trans.) 

gtotngcn,  force 

glDong 

gegtDungen 

ABSTRACT  OF   GERMAN   GRAMMAR 

HHc  iE36rtcr,  bte  fonjugtert  h)crben  fSnnen,  l^cigcn  JBerBa  (3ett^ 
iDorter). 

2ltte  SBorter,  bic  bcnintcrt  tDcrben  f5nncn,  i)dim  Sflomtna.  @§ 
fiibt  mcf)rerc  2lrten  ber  5^otnma: 

a.  ©ubftantida  (§aupth)drter.    ®ro6  fd^retbenl) 
J.  ^Jronomina  (gUrtoorter) 

c.  5(rtifel,  beftitnmt  unb  unbeftimtnt 

J.  5lbieftba 

e.  Slumeralta  (3ci()lh)ortcr). 

SBbrter,  bie  nid^t  fleftiert  n)erben  f5nnen,  ftnb: 

fl.  5lbt)erbia 

b.  ^rcipofitlonen 

c.  ^onjunfttonen 

d.  ^nterieftioneti, 

I.  ^ic  ^efttnattutt 

A.  Ss  gtbt  3  ©cnera  (®ef c^Iec^ter) :  i^agMmutn  (mattnU(5), 
gcminimum  (ttjeiblid^)  unb  5^eutrum  (fcic^Iid^), 

B.  (gg  Qibt  2  9^umeri  (3a()len):  lingular  (^ttisa^t)  unb  plural 
(2«e^rsa()I), 

C.  m  gibt  4  ^afug  (galle):  9^omtnattt),  ©cnitb,  :Datit)  unb 
5l«ufatit). 

SD^an  unterfd^eibet  2  5lrten  ber  ©uBftanttti^^eflmatton:  bte 
ftarfe  unb  bie  fd^mac^e  ©efUnation. 

Sg  Qtbt  aud^  eine  fogenannte  gemif d^te  SDenination*— gremb* 
tofirter  unb  Sigennamen  ftnb  befonber^  su  berildfftd^tigen. 

174 


ABSTRACT   OF    GERMAN   GRAMMAR  175 

1,  ^erfonatpronoTttina  (bagu  ^eflejiDpronomcn) 

2,  "ipoffefftbpronomma 

3,  !^eTnonftratit)pronomma 

4,  9?elatiDpronomina 

5,  ^nterrogatit)pronomma 

6,  ^nbefinitpronomma* 

$)cf(mation  bcr  SlbjcftitJC 

3ebe«  attributive  Slbfefttt)  fann  ftarf  unb  fcJiDad^  beflinicrt  iDcr* 
ben.    2)ag  al^  ^rabifat  gebraud^te  HbieftiD  ift  ftejion«Io6. 

^0m|iaratuin  (Steigerung)  be^  SlbjeftbiS 

a.  $o[itit) 
6.  ^omparatiD 
c.   ©uperlatib. 
Oualitatibe  5lbt)erbicn  fonnen  aud^  fompariert  (gefteigert)  ttierben. 

^cflinotion  bcr  Slumcralia  (Sa^ttoortcr) 

!^ie  ^ttJI^orter  gerfatlen  in  ^arbinalia  unb  Orbinalia.    ^Setjterc 
iDerben  Joie  bie  Hbiefttt)e  befliniert, 

^ra^jofttioncn 

We  ec^ten  "iprttpofitionen  regieren  ben  ^atitt  ober  ben  Slffufatit). 
Uned^te  ^rapofitionen  ^ahm  ben  ^enitit)  bei  fid^. 


n.  ^tc  ^onjugatton 

^.   (Sg  gibt  3  'iPerfonen  (erfte  "iperfon  ufh).)* 
5.  (g0  gibt  2  9^umeri   (^a^ten):  ©ingutar   ((gingaf)!)   unb 
plural  (aj^ebrjaf)!)  (ift  je  ein  9^umerug). 


176  BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 

C.  (g«  fiibt  6  Xtmpova  (Scitcn): 

^rafeng  (ift  ein  ^empu3) 

^fmperfeft 

guturum  (lO 

^erfeft 

^lu^quamperfcft 

guturum  II. 

D.  (S«  gibt  2  ©enera  berbt  (Suftanb^formcn): 

5lftit)  (ift  ein  (^enug  t)erbi)  unb 
?5affiD. 

£.  (E^  gibt  3  ar^obi  (Hu^fageformcn): 
3?nbifatit)  (ift  ein  $mobu^) 
^onjunftit) 
S^mperatiD;  fotoie  nod^  bie  infiniten  SSerbalformcn: 

3nfinitit)  unb 

^Jartigipium  (be0  ^Jrcifeng  unb  be«  ^erfeftg). 

ayjan  unterfc^eibet  gtDei  Hrten  ber  ^oniugation:  bie  ftarfe  unb  bic 
fcj^toad^e  Conjugation.    @6  gibt  atfo  ftarfe  unb  fd^mad^e  SSerben. 

@g  gibt  aud^  eine  fogenannte  gemifd^te  Conjugation. 

Wan  unterfc^eibet  aud^  Compofita  (gufammengefe^te  35erben) 
mit  3Sorfilben,  bie  t)om  SSerb  teil^  untrennbar,  teil^  trennbar  finb. 

(S^  gibt  ferner  ^ilfsoerben,  fotoie  mobale  $ilfst)erben,  refle^itie 
unb  unperfonTid^e  5Berben. 

5Iuf  stoeierlei  SSeife  merben  au^  b^n  ©tttmmen  neuc  SBorter  gc* 
bilbet: 

1.  ^urd^  S5ercinberung  ber  58ofaIe  in  ben  ©tammfilben; 

2.  S)urd§  (grlDeiterung  ber  ©tammfilben; 

a.  burd^  ©uffije 

b.  burd^  ^rafijc. 


ABSTRACT   OF    GERMAN   GRAMMAR  1 77 

Huger  ben  mit  (Suffijen  unb  ^raftjen  gebtlbeten  SSortem  gtbt 
e^  aud^  ^ufammenfe^ungen  t)on  felbftanbigen  SSortern  (iBeftim* 
xnunggiDort  unb  ©runbtoort), 

I.  ^cr  einfac^c  8a^ 

3feber  <Sa^  entjftlt  ein  ©ubjeft  unb  ein  "iPrttbifat. 
^yiad^  bent  ^n^alt  tetit  man  bie  ©iilge  ein  in: 

1.  Hu^fagefai^e 

2.  gragefa^e 

3.  ^ege()runggfai?e  (58efe^I  unb  SSunfd^). 

gntcrpunftiott 

9^a(5  5lu«fagefai^en  ftef)t  ein  "ipunft,  nad^  J^agefd^en  ein  5rage= 
geid^en,  nad^  ^egefirunggfa^en  ein  Hu^rufung^S^id^en. 

S3or  birefter  9?ebe  ftetit  gen>o()nlid^  ein  ^oppelpunft,  5lnfang 
unb  (Snbe  ber  bireften  $Rebe  tt)erben  burd^  „Slnfil^runggftrid^c"  ge* 
fennseid^net, 

SDag  SSerbum  fann  ergftn^t  hjerben: 

1.  burd^  ein  Objeft 

2,  burd^  eine  abijerbiale  ^eftimmung* 

^g  gibt  abberbiale  53eftimnxungen: 

o.  beg  Orteg  (lofal)  e.  be§  ©runbe^  (faufal) 

5.  ber  2lrt  (mobal)  /.  be6  3n)edf6  (final) 

c.  ber  B^it  (temporal)  g.  ber  ^^olge  (fonfefutib) 

d.  beg  TliittU  (inftrumentat)     h.  ber  ©inrttumung  (fongeffit)). 

^agu  fommen  bie  "iPronominal^Hbderbien  (n3omit,  mogu  ufft).; 
bamit,  ba^u  uftt).). 

(9^omina  !i)nnen  burd^  5lttribute  ergttnjt  n3erben») 


1^8  BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 

n.  ^cr  jufammcngcfc^tc  @a^ 

iD^Qn  unterfc^cibet  §auptftt^e  unb  9^ebcnfa1^e» 

^te  <Bai^t  [tnb  cntmeber  foorbiniert  (beigeorbnet),  ober  ber  etnc 
tft  bent  anbem  fuborbtnlert  (untergeorbnet). 

(S^  gtbt  ba()er  foorbinierenbe  unb  fuborbinierenbe  ^onjunftionen* 

9^ebenfaigc  hjerben  t)oni  ^auptfalge  ftet^  burd^  em  ^omma  ge* 
trennt. 

^uf  bag  2:empug  beg  ^oniunfttt)g  ift  befonberg  in  ber  tnblreften 
9?ebe  au  ac^ten. 

SSortftcffung 

(g«  gibt  tm  !^eutf($en  brei  Hrten  ber  SSortfteltung  (SSortfoIge): 
1.  9?e9elma6tge  SSortfolge  (nomtale) 
2»  3n^er[ton 
3»  2)ie  SSortfoIgc  im  S^ebenfa^. 


SONGS 

^iir  bterftimmlQcn  gcmifd^ten  ©d^lilerd^or 
(Smft  m^Viii.  1824. 


P 


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d'    S     S — ^— •-# 


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2.  £)     3:an=nen»baum,  0    2;onsnen=bauTn,  bufonnftmir   fc^r    qc  • 

3.  O    2;an«nen=baum,  0    2:Qn«nen-bauTn,  bcin^IciblDill  mi(^  luag 


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t;      -^     V 

Slat  =  ter!       ®u  griinft  nid^t   nur 

3ur  ©om»mcr«3ctt,     ncin 

fat  =»  Icn!      SBic   oft     l^ot    ni(!^t 

jur  S[Bci{)*nQ(^t8*scit       cin 

Icl^  *  rcn:      ^ie  ^off « nung  unb 

S3c  *  ftan  »  big  >  Mt      gibt 

f^     -       i^     ^  • 

ft       «       ^       ^          ^ 

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^01_ 

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aud^  tm  Wm  *  tcr,  tocnn  e8  fd^ncit! 
53auTnDon   bir     mtd^   ]^o(^   cr*frcut! 
2ro[t  unb  ^raft     ju      jc  =  bcr  3eit. 
-^     -  .      -         -         N       ) 


:t?=t: 


179 


O  %a.n  '  ncn=boum,  o 
O  Jan  *  ncn=boum,  o 
O      2:an  s  ncn^baum,    o 


E 


t-^=F! 


q?= 


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BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 


IJ'J.JJ   JiJ  JJ  jij  jii 


Zan  •  nen'baitin,  toie  treu  finb  bci  -  nc  SSIttt  •  terl 
Jlon  *  nen»baum,  bu  fannft  mir  fe^r  gc  >  fol  »  Icn! 
^n  *  ncn»baum,     bein  ^Icib    h)iU  mic^      tpad  Ic^  »  rcn! 


^ 


J 


f  n  ^if  f" 


^^ 


X)le  Sotcici 


Snagig  langfam. 


2«eU  toon  gfrlebr.  ©U«cr,  1789-1860. 
Zonf.  toon  Serine. 


jUM.) \  ^ i i\\..  U\ i  h^ 


1.  3f(^tt)et6nlc^t,n)a8foa    e«    be  -  beu  *  ten,  bafe    tc^       fo     traumg 

2.  5)ie   fc^iJn  *  fte     Sung  »  frou    fit  »   get  bort     o  «  ben    njun*bcr  • 

3.  2)en  ©(^if*fer  Int    nci*ncn®(:^if*fe       er^greift  e«      mit   toxUbcm 


^'nihfetJfifi'Mri^ 


;r/;  n; 


bin; 
bar, 


eln  SD^ttr  *  (^en  qu8 
ibr  golb  *  nc8  Cdt 
er     fd^aut    ntc^t  bie 

poco  cres. 


ol  '  ten 
fd^mei  =  be 
gel  »  fen 


3ei 
but 
rif 


ten,  bo8 
act,  fie 
fe,      er 

-I— # 


^ 


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SONGS 


i8i 


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J=r=»=«=i=^ 


te: 


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fommt    mir  nic^t  au«  bcm    ©inn.    Sic     ?uft       i[t    fii^I^unb  c6 
fftntmt     i^r   got  *  be »  ne8    ^aar.    ©te  fammt  c8  mit  qoI  *  be  *  ncm 
fc^aut     nur  I)inauf  in     bic     $dl)'.    3d^   glau  =  be,  bic  SBcI  =  Icn  ber « 


p^^ 


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bun  «=  felt,  unb     ru  »  l^ig    flicfet   ber     $Rf)ein;  .  .  bcr    ®ip  *  fel 
^am  *  me    unb    fingt    cin     ?icb     ba  «  bei;    ...  baS    I)at       ei  > 
fd^Iin  »  Qcn    am      (£n  «  be  ©d^if^fer  unb    ^af)n;   .  .  unb    ba«     l^at 


ii 


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£ 


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beS     S3er«0c«      fun  >  felt      im     51  *  bcnbsfon*ncn  *  fd^ein. 
nc     h)un»bcr  >  [a    >    mc,     gc  »  h)al»ti»gc     9)?c*to  *  bet. 
mit    11^  »  rem     (©in  *  gen     bic     So  »  re  »  lei     ge  *  ton. 


:tpf: 


1^ 


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l82 


BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 


atix^tmdii 


$ 


3of.  SKo^r,  1792-1848. 

©anft  unb  eetraflen.    "" 


SroHi  ©ruber,  1787-1863. 
Sonf.  bon  ©erlng. 


PP 


mf 


Jf    (t ==01 FV i ft K 


^ 


1.  ©til  --  Ic     9?ad^t,     ^ct  *  It  *  qc    5^ad^t!      211    *  Ie8   fd^Ittft, 

2.  etil  *  le     S^lac^t,     ^ci  «  li  *  Qc    9lad^t!     $ir    >  ten    crft 

3.  etU  '  Ic     g^ad^t,     l^ei  »  It  *  gc    ^^lod^t!     ®ot  -  tc8    ©olin, 


9^     -P- 


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cm    '  fant  tuad^t     ttur  ba«  ttautt,  l^od^  *  l^ci  *  Ii»ge   ^aar; 

funb  0C  s  ntod^t.  '^nv^  bcr  ^ngcl  ^al  *  Ic     »      lu  *  ia 

0  h)ic  lod^t     !2icb'  qu8  bci   *  ncm     gott  *  lichen  9)^unb, 

PP  -#-.    ^- 


i^^-E^H^liUXiH 


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■^ — ^- 


l^ol  »  bcr  ^na  =  bc  im  lof  •  fisgcn  §aar:  fc^Iaf  in 
tiJnt  c8  laut  bott  fern  unb  na^i  Slirift,  bcr 
ba       un«     fc^lagt      bic       ret* ten* be   ®tunb',   Slirift,      in 


=F-? 


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P/. 


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SONGS 


183 


$ 


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^^fe: 


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— ^--— *■ 


— -I-     -iS^-J: 
I  "-I 
f(|Iaf  in    I)imm  *U*fc^er     9^ut)'! 

(Et)ri[t,  bcr  $Ret  *  \tx,  ift      ba!  — 
St)rt[t,in     bei  =  iter  ®c  *  burt! 


^et  *  ter,  t[t       ba,  — 
bei  =  ncr  ®e  «  burt, 


* 


V  pp*    -^ 


it 


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r^ 


^ctbenrdi^Iettt 


eth)a«  betoegt. 


85oK8h)etfe  to.  $elnr.  SBemer,  1800-1833. 
^        Sonf.  toon  ©ertng. 


S3 


^ 


P»=i^^^MEi; 


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1.  ©a^  cin  ^nab'  ein  9?oS  *  letn  ftef)n,  9?6S  *  letn  auf  bcr 

2.  ^na  *  be  fprac^:  3(§  brc  *  d)e    bid^,  9^68  *  lein  auf  ber 

3.  Unb  ber  n)U  =    be  tna  *  be   brad^g  9fto8 » leiti  auf  ber 

P-#-  -#^  -#-       -^  -^ 


S 


fi=P: 


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ife5 


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^— ^ 


& 


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i=r 


S=:^i=i=±^=j=^« 


Fcr 


^ct  =  ben,  n3ar  fo  iung  unb  mor^gen^c^on!  Sief  er  f(^nett,e3 
C>ei  =  ben!  9^o«  =  lein  fprac^:  3c^  fte  =  d^e  bic^,  "t^"^  bu  e  :=  toig 
§ei  *  ben!  '^U  --  lein  n)ef)r  =  te      fic^    unb  ftac^,    I)alf  ifim  boc^   fein 


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j^j=j=j^£Uu,^ 


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nof)        gu    fct)'n,     fal^'g  mtt  Die  =  Icn  grcu  «  ben. 

benfft       an    mid^,       unb  ic^  JDill'gnic^t  lei   *    ben! 

SBel^       unb   5ld^,      ntufef  eS  e    =    ben  lei   =    ben  I 
P 


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3to8 .  Idn,  SR68  •  Icin,  SR6««fein  rot,    8JB«<fein   auf    ber    $ei  =  ben! 
rnfcres.     |  ' /.     |!:    :]!:     ^     ^^H 


".res.     I 


*: 


i^ 


^^ 


:tn=t: 


^cil  bit  im  Sicgctlrans 


©alt^afor  ©cri&arb  ©d&untad&er,  1793. 

$etnrld&  parties,  1790. 
gelerlid^,  nid&t  ju  langfatn. 


2«el.:  3!ol&n  SuH,  1563-1628. 
%on\.  t)on  &  (£r{. 


i 


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tcrslanbsl 
le    ^W, 
fd^e    nie 
9«ut  unb  traft 
S3oI  *  fe§  3ier, 


1.  ^eil  bir   im 

2.  ^lid^t^iofrunb 

3.  ^ei  *  li  *  Qe 

4.  ^anb^Iung  unb 

5.  @ei,  ^ai  =  fcr 


pro 


* 


©ie »  fiersfrans^^err^d^er  bcS 
3Jei  '  fi  *  ge  fi  =  d^crn  bie 
i^Iam  =  nte,  gW/ 9liif)',unb  er 
SSif  *fcn»fd^aft  ^e  >  be  mtt 
SSil = l^elm,  f)ier  lang  bei  *  neS 
^    -*-»    4L    If:    It 

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§eil,  ^ai  *  fer,  birl 

rto    gur  =  [ten  ftef)n! 

fiir«    S3a  *  ter  *  lanb! 

if)r  ^aupt  em  *  por! 

ber  S!}?en[d^»t)eit  ©tolj! 


%% 


^ 


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f5ilf)r  in  beg  2:f)ro  *  neg  ©lang 

Sic  =  be  beS  SI5a    *   ter  =  Ianb6, 

SSir    al  *    le         ftc   =   f)en  bann, 

^rie » gcr  unb  §el  -    ben  =  tat 

giif)!'  in  beS  Jl^ro  *  ne^  ©lanj 


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-1^ — i — r- 

-4- 

— r-^»^-i-l 

<^ 

d  '         •        9 

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bie 

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>  %t 

SSon    *    nc    ganj, 

?ieb 

»    ling      beg 

Sie 

«   be 

beg 

frei     »    en    SD^anng 

Qriin 

-  bet       ben 

mu 

*  tig 

fur 

ei     =     nen  9)?ann, 

famp 

=  fen        unb 

fin 

=    be 

ifir 

Sor    =   beer  *  blatt 

treu 

auf   *   fic    := 

bie 

^0 

»     f)C 

2Bon   *    ne    ganj, 

Sieb 

*    ling       beg 

— #- 

1 — 

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— b — 

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— ^-1 

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11    ^ 


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«oIfg     p    fein! 

§err  *  fc^er=t]^ron 
blu  *  ten  gem 
f)o  =    ben    bort 

35oIfg     gu     fein! 


^ai  «  fer,       bir! 

geig      im  9D?eer. 

2:^ron   unb  9?eic^. 

bei  =  nem  Sl^ron. 
^ai  =    fer,      bir! 


g:i 


=F=^ 


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i86 


BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 


^ie  fl&a^t  am  JRi^cin 


SKor  ©d&nedtenburger. 
^    Seb^aft  unb  marftert 

^arl  SBill&cIiii 
cres. 

J    .     'l 

, 1820-18 

73. 
P 

:^^- 

i — 1 ^ 

Ps — J    '    J 

J 

f 

^"*"5 — r~ 

~l — f^~i~ 

^ 

_^_#| ii_ 

-5 — H 

v^ 

>> 

\        J      ,' 

r       S        S 

tJ 

1.  (SS     brauft   ein    9iuf 

2.  S)urd^  ^un  *  bcrt » tau  » 

3.  (gr      blidt  ^iii  -  auf 

4.  ©0      lang    eln  !X:rop 

5.  3)er  ®c^h)ur  er^fd^altt, 

1 

h)tc 

fcnb 

in 

.fen 

bie' 

! 

2)on 

iVLdt 

^im  s 

1 

»  ner  =  l^att,  h)ie  ©d^ioert  *  gc  - 
eS  fc^nell,  unb      al   «   ler 
mel«=au'n,  ba     ^el  «  ben  • 
nod^  gliifit,  nod^     ei   *    nc 

'  gc  rinnt,  bie    gal^  »   nen 
cres. 

J       •        • 

i         #      1          r 

s 

(&f^ — J— 

J .  ^ — r — 

— 

— ^  • 

_^ L 

f 

1^"^^ ' — p — 

r    h — 1 — 1 — 

-\ ^ — F '■ — 

— ^ 

1 

1 

• 

• 

i 


// 


5t 


3^ 


^^ 


p=r 


flirr   unb  3Bo  *  gen=pratt:  3um  dl^dn,  jum  9?f)ein,  jum  beut^c^cn 

Slu  *  gen  blit  *  gen  f)ell;     ber   S)eut  «  fd^e     bie  =  ber,  fromm  unb 

ba  »  ter  nie  *   ber^c^aun,  unb  fd^luort  mit    ftol  « jer  ^antp  ^  fcs  . 

f^auft    ben  S)e  *  gen  jief)t    unb    noc^      ein  5Irm    bie  iBiid^  -  fc 

flat  '  tern  I)oc^     im  SSinb:  3um  9?f)ein,  gum  3?{)ein  gum  bent  *  fd^cn 


i 


m 


^  ^  '*f£-  * 


*=|c 


X- 


t 


:t=fc± 


?: 


^ 

K          N 

^      1 

#- 

(i5 

"*^= 

=:i- 

=^~^ 

~^=k~ 

1 

-^.d — 

=^=^=1 

«!r~ 

^^ 

-?^^ 

J^^A-^ 1 

'mdnl 

h)cr 

n)ill 

beS    ©trom 

*  eg    $ii   = 

ter        fein? 

ftarf. 

be   * 

fc^ii^t 

bie     Iieir   > 

gc  ?an  = 

beS    »   morf. 

luft: 

:Du 

$RI)ein 

bleibft  beutfd^ 

h)ie  mci   « 

nc         Sruft! 

fpannt, 

be    « 

tritt 

fein  geinb 

f)ier  bei  « 

nen        ©tranb! 

3?f)ein, 

mir 

oX     ' 

le      tool  = 

len    §11   = 

ter         fein! 

— is — 

-•- 

f 

f  f 

f  f 

T      ^ 

ir^ 

~t — 

t        1 

— t- 

— 

— ^n 

P- 

•V        » 

k  * 

*          m 

1 

r 

^  1 

n       ^  • 

p 

K^                             ■ 

' 

1> 

P       i^ 

^ 

SONGS 


187 


i 


F=^ 


«i 


-v-^j-^;- 


f=f 


g 


Sieb   SSa  *  ter»Ianb,  mogft  ru  «  l^ig  fein,  Ucb    S3a  =  ter«Ianb,magft 

4^ 


^^^=rf 


i 


pL 


-*=r^ 


Ws^ 


m 


t=iK 


r^ 


i 


/a 


lU-ul-i 


-= — m- 


-^m 


llE^ 


M 


ru  *  Im  [ein;      feft     ftct)t   unb   treu     bie  SBad^t,  bic  SBod^t   am 


g 


it=rfc=t=s=Ft: 


-fc, la F— : — » P b 


■N=ti==^r 


m 


^ — 


r — 1 — \ 


-J- 


ff^i 


-^—^0 


:^=i 


s 


-g' — # 


e:3 


3 


^zM 


»— =S- 


9?^cinl      feft     fte{)t   unb  treu    bie  SBac§t,bic  SSad^t   am     9?^einl 


^^H^- 


g 


p^s- 


=f=F 


?^^ 


-^-^^: 


-122-^. 


i88 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


(g.  ©elbel. 
aWunter. 


SSanbcrfdfiaft:  „^er  Wlai  ift  qttommtn" 

%iiv  Qcmifd^ten  Sl^or 


3ful.  SBII^.  Stjro,  1842. 


w 


g: 


1.  ®er    90?ai  ift       qc  =  fom=mcn,    Me  53au  *  me  fd^Ia*  gen  au«, 

2.  grlfc^  auf  brum,  frifd^    auf  im     f)cl  *  len  ®oti=nen4tra^I, 

3.  O       SSan^bcrn,     o   SSon^bern,    bu     frci  *  e  53ur4(^cn4uft! 


^il 


^ 


M 


^-£ 


f = f  t 


e 


lHr4= 


1i=|c 


^ 


p^p^^iH^ 


■^ 


r=F 


-*-r 


ba        bid  '  ht,   ioer    Suft  ^at,  mit    ®or  *  gen     ju    ^au8l 
tDo^I     ii    :=    ber    bic    S3er  *  ge,  h)of)I  burcl  bo8  tic  *  fc      Si^al! 
!5)a     toc-fiet    ®ot*teg     O^bcm    fo      frif(^      in     bie    S3ruft. 


m 


^'P    F 


Mm 


I 


*=* 


s 


$=* 


§ 


m 


-4V=v-^ 


1^^ 


ai^^=? 


* 


SBic  bic  SSol^fcn  bort  njan^bern  om  I)imm  *  Ii  ^  fc^cn  3dt, 
!Dic  OueI4cn  cr  *  flin=gcn,  bic  SBSume-raitsfd^en  oH; 
!Da         fin  =  get  unb  iauc^-jet      ba^  ^erj  jum  §im-mel8  =  jelt: 


J-*l-:f: 


^ 


QzJ^e 


SONGS 


189 


J^f 


'^\F^- 


t 


I 


I 


Et 


* 


* 


#-^ 


fo  ftef)t  oud^  nttr  ber  ©inn  in  bie  toet  =  tt,  hjci  =  te  SBett. 
mein  ^erj  ift  mie  'ne  ?er  -  (^e  unb  [tint*  met  ein  mit  ©cfialt. 
SBie    bift    bu  bod^    fo  fd^on,  0      bu    mi '  te,  h)ci  =  te   SSelt! 


id? 


1t=N: 


t=|: 


1 


gfc 


t=ti 


ii 


^cutfcftlanb  iiBcr  atte^ 

Hoffmann  tton  goUerSleben.                                             -Sfofepl^  ^atjbn,  1732-1809. 
SWttfeifl  lanflfam. 
m£ __, I , .     J  [ 


a 


it 


m 


* 


®eut[(^  =  Ianb,!Deutfc^*Ianb  U  *  ber  d    »   H  U    *    ber 

toenn      c8     ftets    ju    ©d^uij  unb  2;rut  »  je  brii  *  ber 

£)eut  *  fc^c  ^rau  *  en,     beut  *  \6jt  Xxtn  =  c,  beut  *  fd^er 

[ol  *     ten     in      ber     SBelt    be  *    l^al   *  ten  t^    =   ren 

(gi    =    nig  *  feit   unb    9?ed^t   unb  f^rei  =  beit  fllr      ha^ 

^a   =   nad^    la&t  unS     al    =    Ic  ftrc  *  ben  brii  >  ber 


1. 
2. 


^ 


I 


rfi: 


~  -  ,    mf 


i=t 


-r-f- 


at  s  leg      m      ber    SBelt, )  ^        c        cm    .«:.o 
r-A  f  .  ..v/  ^  bon    ber     SWaag  biS      an      bic 

liO)      gu  *  fam  »  men  *  bait/  J 

SBein   unb    beut  =  fc^er  ©ang  \      ^  ^        ^        ^        . 

beut  *  f(^e     5Sa  =  ter  =  lanb! 


lic^    mit     ^erj     unb  ^onb! 

0-      -0.      ^      ^ 

t=fc=t=t: 


It 


@i  ^  nig  =  feit     unb    9?ec^t   unb 

-J-j— #- 


^ 


I  go 


BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 


I  cres.  ^     ^1       f   \  N 


Wt  »  tnel,     toon     ber   Stfc^      bis  on       ben     S3elt.  :Deutf(^4anb, 

gei  '  [tern     un  «  fer     gan  »   gcS  ?c  «  ben      long.    !X)eut  *  [d^c 

grci » tieit     finb     bc3    ©Ittf  »  fc8  Un  >   tcr  *  pfanb.  S8la^'   im 
cres.^  J^  -5-   -^  -#. 


^ 


I 


£ 


M 


^^ 


P 


i 


S 


J^iJ^j'j.  .q-T^ 


^^e 


i 


_^_^ 


•±^ 


r^-r 


5Dcutfd^4onb  11  «  bcr  al  *  leS,  11  *  ber  at  *  leg  in  ber  SScItl 
i^rau  *  en,  beut4<^e  2;reu=e,  beut  «  fd^er  SBein  unb  beut=fc^er  Song! 
®Ian  *   se     bie  =  fe8     ®tof=fe«,  bill  :=  I)c,    beut^fd^eS  SSa*ter»=  lanbl 


m 


^ 


a_i: 


1 


f^'^'^f 


-r 


aSanbrer^  SRacfitlteb 


3.  iB.  to.  ®oet^e. 
Songfcmt  unb  eetraseru 


I 


fc^??^=^ 


1 — r 


^^^3 


^ 


-Jt=^ 


ii  =  ber  al  '  ten     ®ip  *  feln  ift    9?uf);     in     al  ^  len  2Bip=feIn 


p 


^^ 


^^^^^^g 


SONGS 


191 


^ 


3 


iJt 


3=^ 


f=T 


fpii  =  reft     bu     fei  =  nen    ^auc^;  bic    ^Sdg  *  lein  f(^h3ei*8en  im 


I 


W 


W 


_j ^ — s, — 


^~r^ 


2BaI '  be. 


SSar  *  tc   nur,    h)ar  =  te   nur,     bat 


S^^ 


13^ 


JL 


-f2_^ 


be, 


PI=N= 


i^zz; 


fr-1 — r 


^=t 


i=±=t 


1^ 


$=t 


SEE 


p^^=t^J^3 


bal    *  be   niMt    i>u     aud^«     SSor » tc   nur,    tear  *  it   nur. 


^^^ 


1^ 


:p^ 


^ r— * 


B^-^4 


=='=ri=f 


w 


n^. 


*: 


s 


•-W- 


m^r-9- 


bal 


be,     bal  =  be  rul)ft  bu    auc^,    bal  *  be  rul^ft 


bu     aud^. 


PP  ri7. 


^ 


1— T:H         Bi 


i±s 


S 


f-t^ 


bal  =  be  ruMt  ba     aud&. 


192 


BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 


^cr  fro^c  SSanbcr)§mantt,  I 

gUr  Qcmifc^tcn  (Sl^or 


Sfofep^  »on  <gl(5enborff. 
Andante. 


Aiiz 


^ 


m 


Sellp  imenbeI«fo^n»S8artl5oIbtj,  1809-1847. 
Sonf.  toon  ©ering. 


5=:is 


53 


ri^Ff* 


^^5^^ 


1.  SBcm  ®ott  iDitt  re(i§  =  te  ®unft  cr  »  toet  *  fen,    ben    fd^idEt  er    in 

2.  3)ic  S3ac^=Iein  toon  ben  53er  *  gen  fprin  *  gen,    bie     ?er*d^en  f(^h)ira 


w-## 


i 


-•-Pi 


^ 


:-  ^ 


:t± 


r-0-$r.l^^ ^s '- 1 

1 , 

cres. 
1 N ^^-1 

/f"^ — j^ ^ N~ 

— F^ — N — ^ — Fr":f — ^^ 

fC\              ^          m          J 

1       1     J      1    •^  •     1 

v^          2       2       fl 

.id      « 

J      J   ,.^     J    ^      J 

tj            •       ^       * 

bic      h)ei  »  te 
ren     f)od^    bor 

^          '^      -8-      -5-   »•      P      -  •     - 
SSelt,       bcm    n)ia     cr     fei  ^  ne   SBun  *  bcr 
Suft:        h)aS    foHf    x^   nid^tmit    il^   *  nen 

(mS'it  jf                 II 

f      5       ^ 

r      r      1    r    »  •    » 

JffA^ui^l ^ ^_ 



>  r   1 

— b* b" y — h — P 9- — " 

H--f^b    b — H 

r-^i  -1  1 

-^ ^ ^-^ — \^ ^— 

cres. 


i# 


fei  0  tic  iEBun  *  ber 
ntd&t  mlt  t]&  =  nen 


^ 


^ 


=»= 


h)et  =  fen,  bem   njitt  cr   [ci  *  nc      SBun  *  ber  njei  =  fen   in  S3erg  unb 
fin  =  gen,  h3a6  f ollf  ic^  nic^t  mit       il^  *  nen    fin  *  gen  oug  tool  =  ler 

/  N      N      !^ 


3^ 


r  r  f — f=t^ 


^ 


P 


SONGS 


193 


in 

A    **   tt 

JBerg    unb 
tool  »  ler 

SBalb, 

in 
aud 

Serg 
col  * 

unb 
ler 

SBoIb 

It     ^*•^^     N   . 

iJLy     y-q 

-^^- 

^J^ 

— [^ 

— N- 

-■A-^—^^^A 

m  ^   Z    r 

-^ZTIZP- 

— #— 

•■• 

^v^i\^^^ 

Zr      \^J  ^ 

SSalb.    . 

1<— 

X^—^ 

•     • 

— 7- 

unb  ©trom  unb 
unb    frt  =  fd^er 

-iW:t^-i 

/i>"it  It 

1 

©•«)? s 

— 

^ ^ 

#- 

ne    SSun=ber  ttici  =  fen    in  33erg  unb 
mit      i^  =  nen   fin  «  gen  au8  bot  =  ler 


gelb,  bem  h)ill   er     fei 
53ruft,  luag  foEt'  id^  nic^t 


%^ 


Is: 


-t=-#- 


S 


^. 


fc* 


^ 


5^ 


#=»: 


t=tJ: 


/>  ^    ^^^  Zenio        I  ritard 


^ 


^m 


EEjEES 


3E^ 


mm 


SBdb  unb  ©trom  unb  ^^elb. 
tel)I   unb  fri  *  fc^er  S3ruft? 

1^  f   r    # 


3.  ®en  lie  =  ben  ®ott  lafe     id^     nur 
^    Piu  lento        ritard 


f— f-f 


^     p      a  tempo 


]^-V 


u=j  j.rH{^-*=^^a 


a; 


r 


^> 


T 

unb 


-5^        'f  -^ 

h)al  =  ten;     ber 


m^rp=^=s 


EB3E3 


lein,  :2er » c^en,  ^aXa  unb   gelb 


J*— k— |i: 


^=t 


194 


i 


M: 


BEGINNERS'  GERMAN 
cres. 


tola 


m 
^i=^ 


-TV    JS      \^ — N-d^-# 


■^ S 


-=1- 


rXTT^- 


ffs^ 


@rb^  unb  ^immel  toitt  cr  »  ^l » ten,  unb  (grb'  unb  ^immcl  tt)ttt  cr » 


^ 


J^cres.  ^. 


5?=|: 


^ 


-f-'-f- 


#=fc 


I*   i*   !»^- 


« 


b    U    1^    b 


]^t     aud&  mein'  ®a($' 


I 


/ 


-s-^- 


^ii 


^ — ^ 


=i? 


f" 


fial  s  ten,  l^at  auc^  mein'  ^a(S)% 


eS 


/^  ^-  i i- 


-i/ 


f)at  au(!^  mein' 


t=*-- 


^ 


// 


4-4. 


t 


f 


m 


b    b    b 

©ad^'  Qufg  beft'     be » ftettt!    2)er  (Srb'  unb  §im  » mel    h)ia    er 


i 


^ 


>    I     Mr 


3z^=t: 


I 


«J: 


w    ^    ^    p     ^- 


t 


3Ci: 


q?=p: 


1/  '     "f "  ■  1^    k    y 

t)al  *  ten,  t)at  aud^  mein'  ©ac^'  aufg  beft'     be  =  ftettt,  l^at  auc^  mein' 


^ 


tt|=t=f 


/  t  ,r  f  r- 


^     b      1/ 


T&^-t- 


t=t 


^ 


SONGS 

auf  8  bcft'. 


195 


^ 


i 


auf'Sbcft'   fte.fteatl 

/7^ 


H 


^ 


r  ■  ?  c  f  'j»-c«s.'  ^  -^  Cf^zi 

iBai)'  ouf8  beft'  be  •  ftettt,      mein'  ©od^'  aufs  6e(t'  be  =  (teltt! 


^^ 


0-- ?— # # F- 

I  ^ZZJEZg^ZI^ 

-|g  .  -F-b^*?^—  i- 


1 


i 


^cr  fto^e  SSanber^mann,  n 

3fofep^  bon  (gid&cnborff,  Sonf.  toon  iWaric  g.  aKaceonnefl. 


&^-t 


:^ 


^ H ^-T— » #-r— ^ 

SBcm      ®ott    h3itt      red^  »  te  ©unft   er  »  h)ct    *   fen,     ben 


|A^     ^     ■    ^ r 

fc^tcft  er    in    bie  h3ci  = 

tc     SBcIt,         bent    h)iE      cr     fei  :» 

ne 

4= 

M— J-  *  J   J  ' 

rTi  I  J  i:j==i^ 

— J— 
^ — 

^r— f 


m 


S 


1==1: 


^^=4= 


N — ^• 


II: 


^^ 


3trzit 


SBun^ber  hjci  *   fen      in    33crg  unb  SBalb  unb  ©trom  unb  gelb. 


^ 


=  0^ 


-#^-^ 


V— i^ 


-*? 


^ 


VOCABULARY 


Explanations.  In  the  following  vocabulary — which  is  extensive  on  account  of  the  in- 
clusion of  the  additional  reading  and  poems  —  words  will  be  found  in  alphabetical  order.  The 
gender  of  the  nouns  is  indicated  by  the  preceding  article,  and  the  endings  of  the  genitive  sing- 
ular and  the  nominative  plural  follow  in  parentheses.  The  principal  parts  of  the  strong  verbs 
are  given,  and  in  case  of  strong  verbs  which  change  the  vowel  in  the  second  and  third  person 
smgular  of  the  present  tense,  the  third  person  singular  is  given  to  indicate  this  root -vowel 
change.  In  case  of  verbs  which  take  fein  as  an  auxiliary,  the  fact  is  indicated  in  the  principal 
parts. 


% 

ab,  off,  away. 

ber  9t6cnb  (-8,  -e),  evening. 

has  Sliicnbcffcn  (-g,  -),  supper. 

ber  9t6cnbfonncnf(^etn  (-g),  evening 
sunshine  (light). 

obex,  but,  however. 

afigc^cn  (ging  ah,  ift  abgegongen),  to 
go  off,  start,  depart. 

ber  S(6iturient  (-en,  -en),  a  candi- 
date for  the  final  examination 
of  the  German  higher  schools. 

afircifcn  (aux.  fein),  to  set  out,  de- 
part. 

bte  5l6ftammung  (-,  -en),  descent, 
parentage;  derivation. 

afifteigen  (ftieg  ob,  ift  abgeftiegen),  to 
descend,  dismount. 

nfitrctcn  (aux.  l^aben  and  fein),  (er 
tritt  ah;  trat  ab,  obgetreten),  to 
tread  off;  to  relinquish,  resign; 
to  retire;  an  ben  ^atfer  — ,  to 
yield  up  to  the  emperor. 

afihjefenb,  absent. 

a^,  alas,  ah. 

bie  Sti^fel  (-,  -n),  shoulder. 

aitit,  eight;  ac^te,  eighth. 

bie  9t(^tung  (-),  attention;  esteem, 
regard. 


abbieren,  to  add. 

abicu,  adieu,  farewell,  good-by. 

bie  Stbbition  (-,  -en),  addition. 

bie  Stbcr  (-,  -n),  vein. 

d^nlid^,  similar,  like,  resembling. 

bie  ^^rc  (-,  -n),  ear  of  corn. 

ber  SlffufatiU  (-8,  -e),  accusative 
(case). 

all  ( — er,  — e,  — eS),  all,  entire, 
whole,  each,  everybody,  every- 
thing. 

aQctn,  adj.  and  adv.,  alone;  conj., 
only,  but. 

atterhJCgcn,  everywhere. 

attmo^tid^,  gradually. 

al)§,  as;  than;  when;  but. 

a(fo,  so,  thus,  therefore. 

alt,  old;  bie  Slltcn,  the  aged. 

ha^  mta  (-0,  -),  age. 

am=an  bent. 

amcrifamfrfi,  adj.,  American. 

ba^  9(mt  (-eg,  -^er),  office,  position. 

an  (dat.  or  ace),  at,  on,  by,  to, 
near,  in,  upon. 

ber  9tn6eginn  (-eg),  earliest  begin- 
ning. 

anbinbctt  (banb  an,  angebunben),  to 
tie  on  {or  to). 

ber  StntiUd  (-g,  -e),  view. 


197 


iqS 


beginners'   GERMAN 


ttnber  (bcr,  btc,  bog  — e;  ein  — er, 
cine  — c,  ein  — e«),  other;  unter  an* 
berem,  among  other  things;  nid^tS 
anberS  aU,  nothing  else  but  that. 

anbcrfeit^,  on  the  other  side  (hand). 

ttnberi^ttJO,  elsewhere. 

bie  5Cnefbotc  (-,  -n),  anecdote. 

ber  5(nfang  (-6,  -^e),  beginning. 

anfangcn  (er  fcingt  an;  fing  an,  angc= 
fangen),  to  begin;  to  do. 

Ottfrttgcn,  to  ask  in  passing. 

anqt^oxcn,  to  belong  to. 

ber  Stngc^iirtge  (-n,  -n),  one  be- 
longing to,  relative. 

ber  Stngrtff  (-8,  -e) ,  handling,  attack. 

an^alten  (er  l^lilt  an;  I)ielt  an,  ange« 
i)alUn),  to  hold  (on)  to,  stop, 
draw  up. 

anflagen,  to  accuse. 

anfnij^fen,  to  tie,  join,  fasten. 

anfommcn  (font  an,  ift  angefommen), 
to  arrive. 

ber  9(nfi)mmKng  (-«,  -e),  newcomer. 

bie  Stnlagc  (-,  -n),  a  laying  out, 
plan,  park,  pleasure-ground;  in- 
vestment. 

aniegen,  to  lay  out;  to  invest. 

annetfttten  (er  nimmt  an;  nai)m  an, 
ongenommen),  to  accept,  take, 
take  for  granted. 

anraten  (er  rttt  on;  rict  an,  angeraten), 
to  advise,  recommend. 

anreben,  to  speak  to,  address. 

anfd^rciben  ([c^rieb  an,  angefd^rieben), 
to  write  on  or  down. 

flnfc^cn  (er  fte^t  an;  faf)  an,  ange» 
fet)cn),  to  look  at  or  upon;  to  re- 
gard; to  respect;  to  esteem. 

bie  Stnftebtung  (-,  -en),  colony. 

bie  Stnftatt  (-,  -en),  arrangement; 
institution. 


anftatt  (gen.),  instead  of. 

anftrengen,  to  strain,  exert;  aHc 
^riiftc  — ,  to  strain  every  nerve. 

ber  SCtttcit  (-«,  -e),  portion,  share, 
interest. 

bie  9(nthJort  (-,  -en),  answer,  re- 
ply. 

antftjorten,  to  answer,  reply. 

anhicfenb,  present. 

bie  Slnsafit  (-),  number,  multitude, 

ber  5(pfet  (-«,  *),  apple. 

ber  Stpfctbaum  (-6,  ^e),  apple-tree. 

ber  St^ril  (-«),  April. 

bie  Strbeit  (-,  -en),  work,  task,  per- 
formance. 

arbciten,  to  work. 

arg,  adj.  and  adv.,  bad,  mischie- 
vous, severe,  hard. 

(trgerlid^,  annoying,  annoyed,  an- 
gry, vexed. 

arm,  poor;  ber  5lrme,  poor  man. 

ber  2(rm  (-e«,  -e),  arm. 

bie  2trt  (-,  -en),  kind,  species;  man- 
ner, way. 

ber  Strjt  (-eg,-^e),  doctor,  physician. 

Slftcn  (-g;  neut.),  Asia. 

aut(|,  also,  too,  even,  likewise. 

auf,  prep.  {dat.  or  ace),  on,  upon, 
in,  at,  by,  for,  to,  towards;  adv., 
up,  upwards. 

ttufbliiffen  {aux.  fein),  to  blossom 
out,  open,  begin  to  flourish. 

aufcffcn  (er  ifet  auf;  a&  auf,  aufge* 
geffcn),  to  eat  up. 

auffa^ren  (er  fcitirt  auf;  fufir  auf,  ift 
aufgefal^ren),  to  start  up. 

ttuffinben  (fanb  auf,  aufgefunbcn),  to 
find  out,  seek  out. 

bie  Stufgabe  (-,  -n),  task,  lesson. 

aufl^eben  (l^ob  auf,  aufgcboben),  to 
lift,  raise,  pick  up. 


VOCABULARY 


199 


ouf()citcrn,  to  cheer   or  brighten 

up. 
auf^ijrcn,  to  listen  attentively;  to 

stop,  cease. 
auflijfcn,  to  loosen,  untie. 
aufma^ctt,  to  open. 
aufmerffom,  attentive, 
tie  Stufnol^mc  (-,  -n),  taking  up, 

reception. 
auf^jaffcn,  to  pay  attention,  watch, 
aufrcd^t,  upright,  erect,  straight. 
aufrt(f|tcn,  to  raise  up,  straighten, 
ber  5(uffo^  (-eg,  -^e),  composition, 

essay. 
auffi^cn  (fofe  auf,  ift  aufgcfcffen),  to 

mount. 
ttufftc^cn  (ftanb  auf,  ift  aufgcftanben), 

to  stand  up,  get  up. 
ttuftrctcn  (er  tritt  auf;  trat  ouf,  ift 

aufgetreten),  to  step  up  (upon), 

appear,  come  forward. 
aufttjarficn    (aux.    \dn),    to   wake 

up. 
ber  3luftt)artcr  (-g,  -),  attendant, 

waiter. 
ba^  Stuge  (-g,  -n),  eye. 
augcttMirflirfi,  momentary  ( — ily), 

instantaneous(ly),  instantly, 
ber  Stuguft  (-6),  August  (month). 
au^  (dat.),  out  of,  from,  of,  by,  for, 

on  account  of. 
au^tiilbcn,  to  form  (out),  develop, 

cultivate;     to     render     accom- 
plished or  educated. 
ttUi^briidcn,  to  press  or  squeeze  out; 

to  utter,  express, 
ber    Stuigfu^r^anbct    (-g),    export 

trade. 
ttUjgfii^rti^,  detailed,  complete,  full, 
ber  3tU)ggang  (-eg,  -^e),  act  of  going 

out,  exit:  result,  end. 


ttu^ge^ctt  (glng  ou§,  ift  auggegongen), 
to  go  out. 

au^gclegt,  laid  out,  displayed. 

au^fommcn  {tarn  aug,  ift  ouggefom* 
men),  to  get  along  with,  live 
peaceably  with. 

au^tod^Ctt,  to  laugh  at. 

bag  2lU)§Ianb  (-eg),  foreign  parts, 
nations. 

au^Iaufen  (er  Ittuft  ang;  lief  aug,  ift 
auggelaufeit),  to  run  or  flow  out, 
extend. 

aui^ma^cn,  to  make  out;  to  put 
out  (fire,  etc.);  to  make  up, 
constitute;  to  settle  (a  dis- 
pute). 

auiSfd^Iagcn  (er  fd^Iiigt  oug;  fc^Iug 
aug,  auggefc^Iagen),  to  strike  out; 
(aux.  fein),  to  break  out,  bud, 
sprout. 

aujgfc^en  (er  fiet)t  aug;  fal^  aug,  aug» 
gefef)cn),  to  look,  appear. 

ber  Stu^cn^anbcl  (-g),  foreign  com- 
merce. 

auftcr  (dat.),  out  of,  outside  of;  be- 
sides, except. 

au^erbcm,  besides,  moreover. 

aujgfpred^cn  (er  fpric^t  aug;  fprad^  aug, 
auggefprod^en),  to  express,  utter, 
speak  out,  pronounce. 

au^itbcn,  to  practise,  exercise;  to 
carry  out;  to  commit  (crimes, 
etc.). 

bie  Stu^toanbcrung  (-,  -en),  emigra- 
tion. 

aUi^ltJartig,  outward,  abroad,  for- 
eign. 

au^lucttbig,  outside;  by  heart;  — 
lernen,  to  commit  to  memory. 

au^hJtf^Ctt,  to  wipe  out  or  away; 
to  erase. 


200 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


ber  f&a^  (-e8,  -^c;  dim.  ba6  53ft(§Icm), 
brook. 

badfcn  (cr  bad t;  buf,-Qebacfcn),  to  bake. 

ber  JBarfcr  (-8,  -),  baker. 

ftabcn,  to  bathe. 

ba^  ^abcsimmcr  (-8,  -),  bath 
room. 

btc  SBtt^ti  (-,  -en),  path,  course, 
road;  railway. 

halh,  soon. 

ba^  SBanb  (-eS,  -^er),  band;  rib- 
bon. 

btc  Sanf:  i.  (-,  ^t),  bench,  bank 
(ground);  2.  (-,  -en),  bank 
(money  bank). 

hat,  bare;  ready  (money),  cash. 

bie  Sarm^crjtgfctt  (-),  compas- 
sion, mercy. 

ber  93au  (-e8,  -c  or  -ten),  building, 
structure. 

6auen,  to  build;  to  till,  cultivate; 
—  auf,  to  count  upon. 

ber  Saucr  (-«  or  -n,  -n),  peasant, 
small  farmer. 

ber  fSanm  (-eg,  ^c),  tree. 

ber  Saumpfo^t  (-«,  ^e),  tree-pole, 
post,  stake. 

bcbaucn,  to  cultivate,  till. 

bcbcnfen  (bebac^tc,  bebac^t),  to  pon- 
der, reflect,  bear  in  mind. 

ticbcuten,  to  inform,  direct;  to 
mean,  signify,  forebode. 

I&cbcutenb,  important,  significant. 

bie  SBcbeutung  (-,  -en),  meaning, 
significance,  importance. 

ber  Scbtentc  (-n,  -n;  ein  — er),  ser- 
vant, lackey. 

Ibcenbcn  (also  beenbigen),  to  bring  to 
an  end,  terminate,  finish. 


Bcfe^Ictt  (er  befietilt;  befat)!,  befol^ten), 
to  order,  command. 

fic^  ftefinbcn  (befanb,  befunben),  to 
be,  feel. 

begeiftern,  to  inspire,  fill  with  en- 
thusiasm. 

ber  Scginn  (-eg),  beginning. 

bcginncn  (begann,  begonnen),  to  be- 
gin, commence. 

bcgleiten,  to  accompany. 

bie  S3cglcitung  (-,  -en),  accompani- 
ment, attendance. 

bcgriinbcn,  to  base,  found. 

fic^attcn  (er  bcf)alt;  be{)ielt,  bel^alten), 
to  keep,  retain;  to  carry. 

iiel^anbeln,  to  handle,  manage, 
treat. 

be()crrfd^en,  to  rule  over,  govern. 

bcl^iiten,  to  guard,  preserve,  pro- 
tect. 

htx  (dat.),  by,  at  the  side  of,  in  con- 
nection with,  at. 

beib  (— e,  —eg),  both,  two. 

bcifaffcn  (er  faltt  bei;  fiet  bei,  ift  beige 
fatten),  to  come  into  the  mind, 
occur  to. 

ha^  Scttt  (-g,  -e),  leg. 

ibeinai^e,  almost,  nearly. 

ftct^cn  (btfe,  gebiffen),  to  bite. 

bag  Scif^ict  (-g,  -e),  example;  sunt 
—  (h  ^')r  for  example. 

Ibcfannt,  known,  acquainted. 

bie  93cfc^rung  (-,  -en),  conver- 
sion. 

beHagen,  to  lament,  bewail. 

ficfommcn  (betam,  befommen),  to 
get,  obtain. 

Bctaufd^cn,  to  listen  to,  eavesdrop. 

beHen,  to  bark. 

Ibcmcrfcn,  to  perceive,  notice;  to 
remarK. 


VOCABULARY 


20I 


ha^  SBcmu^cn  (-«),  trouble,  pains, 

endeavor. 
Ibcnc^mcn  (er  benimmt;  htna^m,  be* 

nommcn),  to  take  away;  fic^  — , 

to  behave. 
Iicncnncn    (bcnattntc,    bcnannt),    to 

name,  designate. 
ficqucm,  comfortable, 
bie  23eratung  (-,  -en),  consultation, 

deliberation,  conference,  council. 
Me    SBcrcc^tigung    (-,    -en),    title, 

right;  qualification. 
ficrett,  ready,  prepared. 
ticreitctt,  to  prepare. 
hevdt^,  already, 
ber  S3erg  (-(e)g,  -e),  mountain, 
ber  S3eruf  (-(e) g,  -e),  calling,  voca- 
tion, profession,  oflace. 
berii^mt,  famous, 
ber  S3cfc^eib    (-eg,  -e),  knowledge, 

information,  answer. 
fiefd^eibcn,     modest,     unassuming; 

moderate. 
ficfd^eibcn    (befc^teb,   befc^ieben),    to 

allot,  assign. 
fiefd^cinen  (befc^ten,   bef(^ienen),    to 

shine  upon,  light  up. 
ficfc^rcibcn  (befc^rieb,  befc^rieben),  to 

describe, 
bie  83cfd^rct6ung  (-,  -en),  descrip- 
tion. 
£ief (^ii^en,  to  protect,  guard,  defend. 
fiefc^cn  (er  befiel^t;  befal^,  befe{)en),  to 

look  at,  regard. 
Ibcfe^Ctt,   to  occupy,  engage,   take 

possession  of. 
ficfingcn  (befang,  befungen),  to  sing 

of,  celebrate  in  song, 
bte  SBcfmnung  (-),  reflection;  einen 

gur  —  (iu)  bringen,  to  bring  one 

to  his  senses. 


ber  S3cft^  (-e^)/  possession,  prop- 
erty. 

ficfi^cn  (befafe,  befeffen),  to  sit  upon, 
have,  possess. 

bie  S3cfi^ung  (-,  -en),  possession; 
pL,  dominions,  dependencies. 

ficfonber!^,  especially,  particularly, 
extraordinarily. 

ficfonnen,  thoughtful;  furj  — ,  with 
little  reflection,  with  quick  pres- 
ence of  mind. 

f>t^pvt^cn  (er  befpric^t;  befprad^,  be= 
fproc^en),  to  discuss;  \id)  mit  einem 
— ,  to  converse,  deliberate,  dis- 
cuss with  one. 

bcffcr,  compar.  of  gut. 

ficftc,  superl.  of  gut;  aufS  —  beftetlt, 
arranged  for  the  best,  in  the 
best  way. 

ticftdnbig,  steady,  constant,  con- 
tinuous. 

fieftc^en  (beftanb,  beftanben),  to  un- 
dergo, stand  (a  test),  pass 
through,  continue;  to  exist;  — 
QUg,  to  consist  of. 

Bcftctgcn  (beftieg,  beftiegen),  to  as- 
cend, climb,  mount,  go  on 
board  (ship). 

BcftcttCtt,  to  order,  dispose,  appoint, 
arrange. 

ficftimmt,  determined,  fixed,  de- 
cided, definite. 

fic^  bcftrcben,  to  exert  one's  self, 
try  to  obtain. 

bie  93cftrcbung  (-,  -en),  effort,  en- 
deavor, exertion. 

Ibcfurfien,  to  visit,  attend. 

iDeteUigen,  to  assign  a  share;  to  in- 
terest; \\^  —  an  (bet),  to  have  a 
share,  be  interested  in,  take  part 
in. 


202 


BEGINNERS    GERMAN 


Bctonen,  to  lay  stress  on,  empha- 
size. 

bcr  93ctrad^t  (-(c)g),  respect,  con- 
sideration, point  of  view. 

hcttd(f)ti\ti),  considerable. 

httvaqtn  (er  bctragt;  bctrug,  betraQctt), 
to  amount  to;  fi(^  — ,  to  behave, 
conduct  one's  self. 

fictrcibcn  (betricb,  betricben),  to 
drive  upon,  follow  up,  carry  on; 
to  pursue  (studies). 

fictrctcn  (cr  betritt;  betrat,  betrctcn), 
to  step  on,  tread;  to  enter  upon; 
to  enter  (a  house). 

bag  Sett  (-eg,  -en),  bed. 

ber  Scutcl  (-6,  -),  sack,  purse. 

bcr  S3ct»ottmad^ttgtc  (-n,  -n;  cin 
— cr),  one  invested  with  full 
power,  plenipotentiary. 

BchJCtfcn  (beluieg,  ben)iefen),  to  prove, 
show,  manifest. 

ber  S3cJuol^ncr  (-«,  -),  inhabitant; 
resident. 

bcja^Icn,  to  pay. 

Ibicber,  upright,  honest,  loyal. 

bic  JBtcnc  (-,  -n),  bee. 

ha^  S3Ub  (-eg,  -er),  picture,  image, 
portrait,  figure. 

Ibitbcn,  to  form,  compose;  to  edu- 
cate. 

ba^  SUbcrbud^  (-eg,  ^er),  picture- 
book. 

bic  Sitbung^bcftrcbung  (-,  -en),  ef- 
fort for  education. 

fiillig,  cheap,  moderate,  fair,  just. 

fcinbcn  (banb,  gebunben),  to  tie;  see 
also  anbinben. 

bic  SBirnc  (-,  -n),  pear. 

6t^,  as  far  as,  up  (down)  to,  to,  till. 

ffitten  (bat,  gebeten)  urn,  to  beg  for; 
bittc,  please. 


bog  S3Iatt  (-eg,  *er;  dim.  bog  93iatt* 
c^en),  leaf,  blade;  sheet,  news- 
paper. 

Wau,  blue. 

hUxhtn  (blieb,  ift  geblieben),  to  stay, 
remain,  continue. 

ber  aSIciftift  (-eg,  -e),  lead-pencil. 

ber  S3Urf  (-eg,  -e),  look,  glance. 

blidfcn,  to  look. 

bn^en,  to  lighten;  to  sparkle,  glit- 
ter, shine. 

blo\i,  adj.,  bare,  naked,  mere;  adv., 
only,  merely. 

filiii^en,  to  blossom,  flourish. 

bic  23Iumc  (-,  -n),  flower. 

bag  JBIut  (-eg),  blood. 

Ibluten,  to  bleed,  die. 

hlni)cn,  to  blossom. 

bic  93(utc5cit  (-,  -en),  flowering 
time,  prime. 

bcr  JBobcn  (-g,  ■^),  ground,  soil; 
floor,  attic. 

bag  fSooi  (-eg,  -e  and  iBotc),  boat. 

Iborgen,  to  borrow,  lend. 

fiiifc,  bad,  evil,  wicked,  malicious, 
angry. 

htaudftn,  to  use,  want;  to  need. 

braun,  brown. 

braufen,  to  storm,  rage,  roar. 

fiirat),  excellent,  worthy,  fine,  good. 

6re(f|en  (er  brid^t;  brac^,  gebrod^en), 
to  break,  pluck. 

Brett,  broad,  wide. 

ber  93rtcf  (-eg,  -e),  letter. 

Bringcn  (brarfite,  gebrac^t),  to  bring. 

bag  fSvot  (-eg,  -e),  bread. 

ber  93rubcr  (-g,  ^),  brother. 

Briiberlid^,  brotherly. 

bic  S3ruft  (-,  -^e),  breast,  bosom,  chest. 

bcr  S3ube  (-n,  -n),  boy;  scamp, 
knave. 


VOCABULARY 


203 


ba6  f8n^  (-eS,  -^cr;  dim.  bQ6  53iid^= 

lein),  book, 
bie  a3uc^fc  (-,  -en),  gun. 
6u(f|fto6icrcn,  to  spell. 
budctt,  to  bow,  stoop. 
ba^  SBubgct  (-«,  -g),  budget, 
bag  93unbel  H/  -)/  bundle, 
bcr  SBunbCi^rat   (-c8,  -^e),   Federal 

Council  (of  Germany), 
bie  Siirbc  (-,  -n),  burden,  load, 
bcr  SBiirgcr  (-g,  -),  citizen,  burgher, 
ber  93urf^c  (-n,  -n),  lad,  fellow, 
bie  abutter  (-),  butter. 


ber   (ha^)   6^or   (-c3,  -^e),   choir, 

chorus, 
bcr  6^rift  (-en,  -en),  Christian, 
ber    6||rift(u§)    (-i,   dat.   -0,    ace. 

-urn,  or  indeclinable),  Christ. 


2) 

bfl,  aJz*.,  there;  where;  then,  at 
that  time;  conj.,  where,  when, 
as,  since,  because,  inasmuch  as. 

bafici,  therewith,  thereby,  at  the 
same  time. 

ta^  ^ac^  (-eg,  ^er),  roof. 

baburrf),  thereby,  through  that. 

bafiir,  for  that  (it). 

bagegcn,  against  it  (that). 

bo^cr,  from  that  place,  thence, 
hence,  therefore. 

ba^crfommcn  (fam  balder,  t[t  ba{)er* 
gefommen),  to  come  along. 

ba^in,  thither,  to  that  place,  along, 
away,  gone,  past;  big  — ,  till  then. 

hamal§,  at  that  time,  then. 

bie  2)amc  (-,  -n),  lady. 


bomit,  adv.,  therewith,  with  that 
(it),  by  it;  conj.,  in  order  to,  so 
that. 

bonac^,  for  that  (it),  after  that, 
upon  that. 

baneben,  near  it,  next  to  it,  close 
by,  beside, 

ber  ^anf  (-eS),  thanks. 

hanUn,  to  thank. 

bann,  then. 

baran  (bron),  thereon,  thereat,  at 
or  on  it  (that,  them),  in  regard 
to  it,  to;  on  the  eve  of. 

barauf  (brauf),  thereupon,  upon  it. 

barau^  (brauS),  thereout,  there- 
from, out  of  it  (this,  that,  them). 

bartn  (brin),  therein,  in  it  (this, 
that);  barinnen,  therewithin,  in- 
side. 

bie  ^orftcffung  (-,  -en),  exhibition, 
representation. 

baritber,  over  that  (it),  thereon 
(of),  about  that. 

borum  (brum),  about  it. 

ha^,  the;  which,  that. 

t>aiii,  conj.,  that. 

ber  ^otitJ  (-g,  -e),  dative  (case). 

ha^  '^^atnm  (-«,  S)ata  or  ®aten), 
date. 

bie  ^aucr  (-),  duration,  continu- 
ance. 

baucrn,  to  last,  continue,  remain. 

babon,  therefrom,  thereof,  there- 
by; of  or  by  it  (that);  thence, 
away,  oflf. 

bie  2)cde  (-,  -n),  ceiling,  cover. 

beden,  to  cover. 

ber  2)cgen  (-g,  -),  sword. 

bctn  ( — ,  — e,  — ),  thy,  thine,  your; 
— er,  — e,  — eS,  yours;  ber,  bie,  baS 
— (ig)^,  yours. 


204 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


bic  ^ctttnation  (-  -en),  declension. 

bcflinicrcn,  to  decline. 

bic  ^cnftrficit  (-,  -en),  thought 
products. 

benfcn  (bac^te,  gebad^t),  to  think; 
—  an,  to  think  of. 

ba^  ^ttttmal  (-«,  -^er  and  -e),  monu- 
ment. 

bcnn,  for;  than;  unless;  then. 

bcr  (bie,  ha^):  i.  def.  art.,  the;  2. 
demons,  pron.  and  adj.,  that 
(one);  3.  rel.  pron.,  who,  which, 
that. 

bcr*  (bie*,  bo8=)icm9C,  that  one, 
those;  he,  she,  it  {before  a  rel. 
pron.). 

bcr*  (bie*,  bag*)fcI6c,  the  same. 

ht§fiaii),  therefore,  on  this  account. 

bcfto,  the,  so  much;  j[e  fd^netter,  — 
tt)tx,  the  quicker,  the  sooner. 

bcutli^,  distinct(ly),  clear,  intel- 
ligible. 

bcutf(^,  adj.,  German;  —  gafjlen, 
count  in  German;  auf  — ,  in 
German. 

ha^  ^cutfc^c  (-n),  German  (lan- 
guage). 

cin  ^cutf(^cr  (ber  — c,  bie  — en),  a 
German. 

ber  ^cutfc^^crrcttorbcn  (-«,  -),  the 
knights  of  the  German  Order. 

^cutfd^tanb  (-^;  neut.),  Germany. 

bcr  ^cscmbcr  (-«),  December. 

b.  ^.,  ha^  {)ctBt. 

bid^tcn,  to  compose,  write  poetry. 

bcr  2)id^tcr  (-8,  -),  poet. 

birf,  thick,  fat,  stout. 

bcr  ^tc6  (-e6,  -c),  thief. 

ber  Wiener  (-^,  -),  servant. 

bcr  ^icnft  (-eg,  -e),  service. 

ber  ^tcn^tag  (-e6,  -e),  Tuesday. 


btcnftbar,  serviceable. 

ha^  ^tcnftmttb(^cn  (-S,  -),  servant 
girl. 

bic^  (— er,  — e,  —t^),  this,  this  one, 
the  latter. 

bxt^mal,  this  time. 

ha^  ^iftat  (-8,  -e),  dictation. 

bifttcrcn,  to  dictate. 

ba^  ^ing  (-c8,  -e),  thing. 

ber  ^ircftor  (-6,  -en),  director, 
manager,  principal  or  head- 
master (of  a  school). 

bit»ibicrcn,  to  divide. 

bie  2)tt)tr«)n  (-,  -en),  division. 

bod^,  but,  yet,  still,  however,  never- 
theless, though;  fag  mtr  — ,  do 
tell  me;  "bd^  toerftcf)en  ®ic  — ?  you 
certainly  understand  that?  I 
hope  you  understand  that? 

ber  Cottar  (-8,  -8),  dollar. 

ber  ^onncrliaff  (-8,  -c),  resounding 
of  thunder. 

bonncrn,  to  thunder. 

ber  Conner ^tag  (-eg,  -c),  Thursday. 

bo8  3)orf  (-cS,  -^er),  village. 

bort,  there. 

bortfelfift,  see  bort. 

brci,  three. 

bcr  ^rci^igjo^rtgc  ^rtcg.  Thirty 
Years'  War  (1618-48). 

brctft,  bold(ly),  courageous. 

brittcr  (-e,  -cS),  third. 

ha^  2)rtttcr  (-g,  -),  third. 

bro^cnb,  threatening. 

ber  2)ufoten  (-6,  -),  ducat. 

bumm,  stupid. 

bunfct,  dark,  gloomy,  obscure. 

bunfctn,  to  grow  dark. 

biinn,  thin,  fine,  small. 

bm6)  {ace),  through,  by,  by  means 
of,  across. 


VOCABULARY 


205 


burd^Ieu(^'tcn,  to  light  throughout, 
brighten,  illuminate. 

burt^mac^cw,  to  finish. 

burc^aic^cn  (J09  burd^,  burd^gesoQcn), 
to  draw,  pull  or  pass  through. 

biirfen  (er  barf;  burfte,  geburft),  to 
dare,  be  permitted,  ought.  But: 
\6)  I)a&c  au«gel)en  biirfcn.  Simi- 
larly :  miiffen,  f  onncn,  mogen,  f  oHen, 
inollen,  etc. 

ber  2)urft  (-eg),  thirst. 

biirftcn,  to  thirst,  be  thirsty. 

burftig,  thirsty. 


cbcn,  even, level,  smooth;  adv.,  just, 
precisely,  quite,  certainly. 

cbcnfall^,  likewise. 

ebcnfo,  just  so;  —  gut  h3ie,  just  as 
good  as. 

bie  @dc  (-,  -n),  edge,  corner. 

erfig,  angular,  cornered. 

cbd,  noble,  highborn;  bcr  (Sbic, 
man  of  noble  birth  or  character. 

ber  ©belmann  {-tf>,  -leute),  noble- 
man. 

c^e,  sooner,  earlier,  before,  former- 
ly; ere. 

cl^cr,  comparative  of  el^c. 

cl^rcn,  to  honor,  esteem. 

c()rlid^,  honorable,  honest,  just. 

c^rhjiirbig,  venerable. 

bag  @i  (-eg,  -er),  egg. 

ci!  ay!  indeed!  why! 

eifcrfiirfitig,  jealous,  envious. 

eigen,  proper,  own,  peculiar,  spe- 
cial; strange,  curious. 

bie  ©tgcnart  (-,  -en),  peculiarity. 

etgcnfinnig,  self-willed,  headstrong. 

etgentlid^,  proper,  real,  really,  prop- 
erly speaking. 


ber  ©igcntitmcr  (-g,  -),  proprietor. 

eigcntiimtirfl,  (belonging  to)  exclu- 
sively; peculiar,  strange. 

bie  @tlc  (-),  haste,  speed,  hurry. 

cUcn,  to  hasten,  hurry. 

cin  (etne,  ein),  a,  an,  one;  adv.,  in, 
into. 

Ctnanber,  another,  one  another, 
each  other, 

etnbrtngcn  (brad^te  ein,  cin9ebrad)t), 
to  bring  in. 

bie  @infiu^e  (-,  -n),  loss,  damage. 

eittcr  ( — e,  — g),  one;  a  person,  peo- 
ple. 

Ctncrlci,  of  one  sort;  all  the  same, 
immaterial. 

einfad^,  simple,  single. 

ber  ©infatt  (-(e)g,  -^e),  falling  in; 
sudden  idea,  notion. 

bcr  ©influft  (-[[eg,  -iiffe),  flowing 
in,  influence. 

ber  ©infu^r^anbcl  (-g),  import 
trade. 

cingroben  (er  grSbt  ein;  grub  ein,  etn= 
gegraben),  to  dig  in;  to  engrave. 

citt^crgc^cn  (ging  einf)er,  i[t  einl)er= 
gegangen),  to  move  along,  wan- 
der about. 

Ctnl^olcn,  to  bring  in,  go  to  meet  or 
fetch;  to  obtain;  to  overtake. 

citttg,  one,  single,  united;  einige, 
any,  some,  a  few. 

cinigemal,  a  few  times. 

fid^  cinigcn,  to  agree. 

bie  ©ittigtcit  (-),  unity. 

bie  ©inigung  (-,  -en),  union,  agree- 
ment. 

cinjafirig,  lasting  one  year;  ber 
(Siniaf)rig=i^rein)itlige,  volunteer 
soldier  serving  one  year. 

etntnal,  once,  one  time,  once  upon 


2o6 


beginners'  GERMAN 


a  time,  sometime,  Just,  only; 
ttuf  — ,  suddenly;  noci^  — ,  once 
more. 

tiaS  (^mmaUm^,  once  one,  multi- 
plication table. 

eiiinc^mcn  (er  nimmt  ein;  nalim  cin, 
eingenommen),  to  take  in,  gather 
in;  to  capture;  to  receive,  col- 
lect. 

einrtd^ten,  to  arrange,  order,  estab- 
lish, furnish. 

clo^,  adv.,  one,  of  one  mind. 

6ic  @itt^  (-),  (the  number)  one. 

chlfotn,  lonely,  lonesome,  solitary, 
alone. 

dttfd^Iic^Iid^,  inclusive. 

Dcr  @ittfpru(^  (-(e)  8,  -"-c),  prohibi- 
tion, protestation,  opposition. 

elnft,  once,  one  time,  some  day. 

CtnftnJcUcn,  in  the  meantime. 

tie  ©intratl^t  (-),  concord,  union. 

etntrctcn  (cr  tritt  ein;  trat  ein,  ift  eingea 
treten),  to  step  in,  enter;  to  begin. 

bcr  ©ttttritt  (-(e)g,  -e),  entering  on, 
entrance,  admission. 

bic  ©inja^l  (-),  singular  (number). 

cinscin,  single,  separate,  solitary. 

ber  @in5clftttat  (-eg,  -en),  (single) 
state. 

fcie  @ifcn6o^n  (-,  -en),  railway, 
railroad. 

bag  (Element  (-8,  -e),  element. 

bie  (§Mttn  {pi.  only),  parents. 

empfongcn  (er  cmpfangt;  empfing, 
empfangen),  to  receive. 

e»H?fc^len  (cr  cmpfiei)It;  empfatil, 
cmpfof)Ien),  to  commend,  recom- 
mend. 

cm^finbcn  (empfanb,  empfunben),  to 
feel,  experience. 

tvxpot,  up,  upwards,  on  high,  aloft. 


cm^jorfiringcn  (brcd^te  em^)or,  einpor= 
gebrad^t),  to  raise  up  or  forward, 
promote. 

em^or^cbcn  (I)ob  empor,  emporgel^o- 
ben),  to  raise  up. 

fid^  cmporfd^njtngcn  (fd^lDong  empor, 
cmporgefc^JDungen),  to  rise  or  soar 
up. 

ha?>  @nbc  (-«,  -n),  end,  termina- 
tion; aim,  purpose,  object. 

cnbgiiltig,  final. 

enblid^,  final,  last;  finally,  at  last. 

enblO)^,  endless,  infinite. 

bic  @nbung  (-,  -en),  ending. 

cnglifd^,  English. 

ha^  ©nglifdic  (-n),  English  (lan- 
guage). 

ber  @nfcl  (-6,  -),  grandson. 

bie  ©ntbcdung  (-,  -en),  discovery, 
disclosure. 

cntfaffctt  (er  cntfciKt;  cntftcl,  ift  ent= 
fatten),  to  fall  from  or  out  of. 

entgeUen  (er  entgilt;  entgalt,  cnt^ 
goltcn),  to  suffer  for,  atone  for. 

cnt^attcn  (er  cntl^alt;  cntf)ielt,  entfials 
ten),  to  hold,  contain. 

cntncl^mcn  (cr  entnimmt;  entnal^m, 
entnommen),  to  take  away  or 
from,  borrow  from. 

cntfd^ulbtgcn,  to  excuse. 

cntfcnbcn  (entfanbte,  entfanbt),  to 
send  off. 

entfprcc^cnb,  suitable,  correspond- 
ing. 

cnthJcbcr,  either. 

bic  @nttt)td(ung  (-,  -en),  develop- 
ment. 

cntshicibrcc^en  (er  bric^t  ent^njci;  brad^ 
entgmet,  ent^mcigebrod^cn),  to  breaJ 
in  two,  asunder. 

evbauen,  to  build  up,  erect. 


VOCABULARY 


207 


baS  (irbc  (-8),  inheritance,  herit- 
age. 

crbtid^,  hereditary,  heritable. 

ha^  QvUtii  (-S,  -c),  inheritance. 

bcr  @rb6att  (-«)/  globe,  world. 

bie  ©rbc  (-,  -n),  earth,  world; 
ground,  soil. 

ba^  ©rbcnrunb  (-e8),  ^ee  (SrbbalL 

bag  ©rbgcfc^oft  HfeS,  -ffe),  ground 
floor. 

bie  ©rbfunbc  (-),  knowledge  of  the 
earth,  geography,  geology. 

ber  ©rbteil  (-c8,  -c),  part  of  the 
world,  continent. 

crfa^ren  (er  erfatirt;  erfutir,  erfaliren), 
to  learn,  come  to  know. 

bie  @rfinbu«g  {-,  -en),  invention. 

crfolgcn  {aux.  fcin),  follow  from,  re- 
sult. 

crgrcifcn  (ergriff,  ergriffen),  to  lay 
hold  of,  seize. 

cr fatten  (cr  ert)alt;  ert)telt,  er^altcn), 
to  keep,  uphold,  maintain,  re- 
ceive. 

crl^eOIid^,  important,  considerable, 
weighty. 

crfcnnen  (erfatmte,  erfannt),  to  know; 
to  recognize. 

crflarcn,  to  explain;  to  declare. 

ft(|  crfunbigcn,  to  inquire. 

crtciben  (eriitt,  eriitten),  to  suffer, 
endure,  undergo. 

crlijfc^en  (cr  erlifc^t;  erlofd^,  ift  er* 
lofd^en),  to  extinguish,  go  out, 
become  effaced. 

crmtttcln,  to  find  out. 

crncil^ren,  to  nourish,  support, 
maintain. 

ernft,  earnest,  serious,  grave. 

bie  ©rofierung  {-,  -en),  conquest, 
acquisition  (by  conquest). 


crflffncn,  to  open,  unclose;  to  dis- 
close, publish. 

crraten  (er  errat;  erriet,  erraten),  to 
guess,  divine. 

crrcid^cn,  to  reach,  attain. 

ctrrid^ten,  to  erect,  set  up,  found. 

crfrfiatten  {aux.  fcin),  to  resound, 
ring. 

erft^Iic^cn  (erfd^Iofe,  erfc^Ioffen),  to 
open,  unlock;  to  disclose;  to  con- 
clude, infer. 

crfdfircdcn  (er  erfd^ridt;  erfd^rof,  ift 
crfd^rodfen),  to  be  frightened, 
alarmed,  startled. 

crft,  firstly,  for  the  first  time;  not 
until;  only;  but  just;  ber,  bte, 
ba^  — c,  the  first;  — er,  — e,  — c8, 
first,  foremost. 

crftauncn  {aux.  fcin),  to  be  aston- 
ished, surprised. 

crtcWcn,  to  impart,  give,  bestow. 

crhjac^fen  (er  erlDod^ft;  ertoud^S,  ift  er* 
tDad^fen),  to  grow,  grow  up. 

crhjarten,  to  look  for,  expect,  await. 

bk  ©rtoortung  (-,  -en),  expectation, 
anticipation. 

crhjeifen  (ermieg,  erioiefen),  to  prove, 
show,  render. 

crhjibcrn,  to  reply,  answer. 

crsd^len,  to  tell,  relate. 

bie  ©rja^tung  (-,  -en),  narration; 
narrative,  account,  story. 

crstc^cn  (ergog,  erjogen),  to  rear, 
bring  up,  educate. 

ber  @fcl  (-§,  -),  ass,  donkey. 

cPar,  edible,  eatable. 

cffcn  (er  tfet;  afe,  gegeffen),  to  eat. 

bag  (Sffen  (-«),  eating,  food,  meal. 

ber  (S^tifd^  (-e«,  -e),  dining-table. 

ba^  ®^5tmmer  (-g,  -),  dining-room. 

cthJa,  perhaps,  indeed,  nearly,  about. 


2o8 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


tttoaS,  something,  somewhat, 
some;  a  little. 

cucr  (eurc,  euer),  your;  gen.  of  i^x, 

Ctoig,  always,  eternally,  forever. 

bic  ©migfeit  (-,  -tn),  eternity. 

ha^  ©jamctt  (-«,  -mina),  examina- 
tion. 

bic  ©E^jcbition  (-,  -en),  dispatch, 
forwarding,  expedition. 


bic  i^abtil  {-,  -en),  factory,  manu- 
factory. 

bcr  fjaben  (-6,  -^),  thread. 

bic  i^atinc  (-,  -n),  flag,  banner. 

fasten  (cr  faf)rt;  fu^r,  i[t  or  ^at  gcfa^* 
rcn),  to  go  (in  a  conveyance),  go 
on;  to  proceed,  travel,  drive, 
sail,  journey. 

bic  iJaftorei  (-,  -en),  agency;  fac- 
tory. 

faHen  (er  fattt;  fiel,  ift  acfatten),  to 
fall,  drop. 

falfd^,  false. 

bic  l^otttilte  (-,  -n),  family. 

fangen  (er  fangt;  fing,  gefangen),  to 
catch,  take  prisoner. 

bic  ^atbt  (-,  -n),  color. 

faffen,  to  seize. 

foft,  almost,  nearly. 

foul,  lazy;  foul,  rotten. 

bic  ^auft  (-,  -e),  fist. 

bcr  S'cbruor  (-g),  February. 

bic  O^ebcr  (-,-n),  feather,  quill,  pen. 

fcl^Icn,  to  miss,  fail;  to  be  missing 
or  absent;  to  be  wanting  or  de- 
ficient; to  ail. 

bcr  f^ti^iex  (-g,  -),  mistake,  fault. 

bcr  ^eiertag  (-eg,  -c),  holiday,  fes- 
tival. 

ber  fjeiub  (-e^,  -e),  enemy. 


ha^  ^elh  (-e8,  -cr),  field. 

ber  i^d§  (-en,  -en)  or  bcr  gclfen 
(-g,  -),  rock,  cliff. 

bog  S^clfcntiff  (-eg,  -c),  reef,  ridge 
or  ledge  of  rock. 

bog  tjenftcr  (-g,  -),  window. 

bic  O^crien  (pi.  only),  vacation,  holi- 
days. 

fern,  far  (off),  distant. 

fcrttg,  ready;  complete. 

feft,  fast,  firm,  hard. 

bic  g^eftftettung  (-,  -en),  the  deter- 
mining, establishment,  the  fixing. 

bcr  iJefttog  (-eg,  -e),  holiday,  festi- 
val day. 

finben  (fanb,  gefunben),  to  find;  fid^ 
— ,  to  find  one's  self;  to  be  (in 
condition,  place). 

ber  iJinger  (-g,  -),  finger. 

ber  i^lad)cmni}alt  (-g,  -e),  surface, 
contents,  area. 

bic  ^iammc  (-,  -en),  flame. 

flottcrn,  to  flutter,  float  in  the  wind. 

bog  i^Ul^d)  (-eg),  flesh,  meat. 

fteiffig,  industrious,  diligent. 

flicgen  (flog,  ift  geflogcn),  to  fly. 

fiteftcn  (flofe,  ift  gcfloffen),  to  flow. 

bic  Idiotic  (-,  -n),  fleet,  navy. 

bcr  i^lm  (-eg,  -e),  hall,  corridor. 

ber  i^lufi  (-ffeg,  ^ffe),  flow,  stream, 
river,  circulation. 

fotgen  (dat.),  (aux.  fein),  to  follow. 

fotgcnbcrmoftcn,  as  follows,  in  the 
following  manner. 

forbern,  to  demand,  require;  to 
summon,  challenge. 

bic  iJorm  (-,  -en),  form,  figure, 
shape. 

bcr  ?5orf(^er  (-g,  -),  searcher,  in- 
vestigator. 

bog  t^oti  (-g,  -g),  fort,  fortress. 


VOCABULARY 


209 


fort,  on;  away,  off;  forward,  on- 
ward. 

fortbcftc^cn  (beftanb  fort,  fortbcftan* 
ben),  to  last,  endure,  continue  to 
exist. 

fortfa^rctt  (er  fafirt  fort;  fufir  fort,  ift 
fortgefaf)rcn),  to  depart,  drive  off 
or  away,  travel  off;  to  continue, 
proceed,  go  on. 

fortfi^rcttcn  ([c^rttt  fort,  ift  fortgc* 
f(i^rttten),  to  move  onward,  make 
progress,  improve  or  advance. 

ber  fjortfc^ritt  (-eg,  -e),  progress, 
advance,  improvement. 

bie  g'ortfc^ung  (-,  -en),  carrying  on, 
continuation. 

forttrcificn  (trieb  fort,  fortgetricben), 
to  drive  away  or  onward;  to  pro- 
pel, carry  on;  to  continue. 

bte  forage  (-,  -n),  question. 

fragen,  to  ask. 

gronfrcic^  (-g;  neut.),  France. 

ber  iJranaofc  (-n,  -n).  Frenchman. 

frangofifc^,  French. 

ha§  ^rangofifc^c  (-n),  French  (lan- 
guage). 

bte  t^tau  (-,  -en),  woman,  wife, 
madam,  Mrs. 

ba^  ^xmitin  (-«,  -),  young  (un- 
married) lady,  Miss. 

fret,  free,  at  liberty;  —  {)aben,  to 
have  a  vacation. 

bte  ^rci^cit  (-,  -en),  freedom. 

frctlid^,  to  be  sure,  of  course,  cer- 
tainly. 

freif)jrcd^ctt  (er  fprid^t  frei;  fprad^  fret, 
fretgefproc^en),  to  acquit. 

ber  iJrcitag  (--g,  -e),  Friday. 

ber  f^rcttoiaigc  (-n,  -n),  volunteer. 

frcmb,  strange,  foreign;  unknown, 
unusual. 


bic  S'rcmbc,  foreign  country;  in  ber 

— ,  abroad, 
frcffcn  (er  frifet;  frofe,  gefreffen),  to 

eat  (of  beasts). 
bie  fjrcubc  (-,  -n),  joy,  gladness, 

delight,  pleasure. 
frcubig,  joyful,  cheerful. 
frcuen,  to  make  glad,  please,  give 

pleasure  to;  fic^  —  (tiber  or  gen.), 

to  rejoice,  be  glad,  be  pleased, 
ber  iJt^cunb  (-eg,  -c),  friend, 
bie    S'rcunbin    (-,    -nen),    female 

friend. 
freunbtt(j^,  friendly,  kind,  cheerful, 
bic  fjrcunbfc^flft  (-,  -en),  friendship, 
ber  3^ricbc(n)  (-ng,  -n),  peace. 
fricrctt  (fror,  gefroren),  to  freeze,  be 

cold. 
frtf^,  fresh,  vigorous. 
fro^,  happy,  gay,  joyous. 
\vdl)iidi,  joyous,  joyful,  gay,  merry, 
ber  O^ro^finn  (-(e)g),  cheerfulness, 

happy  disposition. 
fromtn,  pious,  upright,  honest, 
bie  ^xnd)t  (-,  -^e),  fruit. 
fru^,  early. 

ha^  fjrii^ja^r  (-(c)g,  -e),  spring, 
ber  3^ritf|ting  (-g,  -c),  spring, 
bag  fjrii^ftiid  (-g,  -e),  breakfast. 
fii^Icn,  to  feel. 
fit^rcn,  to  lead,  carry  (on), 
ber  IJul^rmann  (-eg,  -leute),  coach- 
man, driver, 
fiinf,  five;  ftinfte,  fifth. 
fiinffa«^,     fivefold     (times);     bag 

^^iinffac^e,  portion  five  times  as 

great,  quintuplet. 
funfcin,  to  glitter,  shine,  sparkle, 
fiir  (ace),  for. 
bie  ijfmd)t  (-),  fear;  —  Oor,  fear 

of. 


2IO 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


fiirt^tcn,  to  fear. 

bcr  i^ixx^t  (-en,  -en),  prince,  sover- 
eign. 

fitrttjal^r,  indeed,  forsooth,  verily. 

bcr  ?5ufj  (-€«,  -^e),  foot;  ju  — ,  on 
foot. 

bcr  t5«Pobcn  (-g,  -  or  ■«■),  floor. 

bcr  fju^gdngcr  (-8,  -),  pedestrian. 

bic  iju^rcifc  (-,  -n),  walking  tour. 


bte  @o6cI  (-,  -n),  fork. 

bcr  (SJatgcn  (-«,  -),  gallows. 

bcr  (3anq  (-cS,  -^e),  path;  hall,  cor- 
ridor. 

bic  @an)§  (-,  ■'c),  goose. 

ganj,  whole,  entire,  all,  complete. 

gar,  quite,  entirely,  very,  at  all; 
prepared;  —  nic^t,  not  at  all;  — 
nid^tg,  nothing  at  all. 

bcr  ©artcn  (-«,  ^),  garden. 

bcr  ©drtncr  (-S,  -),  gardener. 

boS  &a^tt)a^§  (-e«/  *cr),  hotel, 
inn. 

geiidren  (fie  gcbiert;  gcbar,  gcborcn),  to 
bear,  give  birth  to. 

ba^  &cHuhe  (-«,  -),  building. 

qthcn  (er  gibt;  gab,  gcgeben),  to  give; 
eS  gibt,  there  is  (are). 

ba^  ©cbict  (-eg,  -c),  district,  prov- 
ince, territory. 

ge^oren,  born,  by  birth,  native. 

gcbraudficn,  to  use. 

bic  ©cburt  (-,  -en),  birth,  origin. 

bcr  ®thuti^taq  (-(c)g,-e),  birthday. 

bic  ©cbanfcntDcIt  (-,  -en),  thought 
world,  ideal  world. 

gcbcnfctt  (geba(^te,  gcboc^t),  to  re- 
member; to  intend,  design,  plan. 

baQ  ©cbtd^t  (-e«,  -e),  poem. 


bic  ®cbulb  (-),  patience,  endurance, 

forbearance. 
gcfallcn  (cr  gefiittt;  gefici,  gcfottcn; 

dat.),  to  please,  suit. 
gegen,  prep,  (ccc),  towards, against; 

about,  somewhere  near, 
bcr  ©cgcnftanb   (-eg,  ^e),   object, 

subject,  affair. 
ba^  ®cgcntcit  (-eg,  -e),  opposite, 

contrary. 
gcgeniiiicr,    adv.,    opposite;    prep. 

(with   dat.   preceding),   opposite 

(to),  opposed  to,  in  relation  to, 

as  concerns, 
bic  ©cgcnhJart  (-),  present  time; 

presence. 
gc^cn  (ging,  ift  gcgangen),  to  go, 

walk;  to  go  or  fare  with;  to  be 

(in  health);  bag  gct)t  nid^t,  that 

will  not  do. 
gepren  {dat.),  to  belong  to. 
bcr  ©cift  (-eg,  -cr),  spirit,  soul,  mind, 

intellect;  l^umanen  ®ei[tcg,  of  the 

spirit  of  culture. 
getftig,  spirituous,  spiritual;  men- 
tal, intellectual, 
bag  ©cHirr  (-g,  -t),  clanking. 
gelangen  {aux.  fetn),  to  reach,  arrive 

at,  attain  (to),  get. 
gcI6,  yellow. 

bag  @clb  (-eg,  -cr),  money, 
bcr  ©etbfarf  (-eg,  -^c),  money-sack, 

bag. 
gclcgcntlid^,  occasional,  incidental, 

on  an  occasion,  on  occasion  of. 
gclcl^rt,  learned,  instructed,  well- 
informed, 
ber  ©elc^rtc  (-n,  -n;  cin  — r),  learned 

person,  scholar. 
gelingctt  (eg  gclingt  tnir;  gelang,  ift 

gelungen),  to  succeed,  prosper. 


VOCABULARY 


211 


gemctnfam,  common,  held  in  com- 
mon. 

qcmixtti^,  good-natured,  kindly, 
agreeable,  cheerful;  cozy. 

gcnau,  close  (fitting),  accurate, 
minute,  exact. 

ber  ©cnitib  (or  -cttD,  -g,  -e),  geni- 
tive (case). 

gcttug,  enough,  sufficiently. 

ber  ©colog  (-en,  -en),  geologist. 

ha^  ©cpkubcr  (-«,  -),  chatter. 

g(c)rabc,  straight,  erect;  even; 
straightforward;  quite,  just. 

bag  ©crid^t  (-eg,  -c),  court  of  jus- 
tice, judgment. 

geting,  small,  little,  trifling,  unim- 
portant. 

ber  (Scrmancnftamm  (-c8,  -^c),  Ger- 
manic family,  race,  stem. 

ficrn  (lieber,  am  liebftcn),  with  pleas- 
ure, willingly,  readily;  —  l^aben, 
to  like. 

bic  ©cfamtbcbbWcrung  (-,  -en), 
total  population. 

ber  ©cfamthjcrt  (-c8,  -e),  total 
value  (worth,  price). 

ber  ©cfang  (-eg,  -^c),  singing,  song. 

ta^  ©cfdfaft  (-eg,  -c),  employment, 
occupation,  business. 

gcfc^cficn  (eg  flef(^ief)t;  gefd^a^,  ift  gc« 
fc^e^en),  to  happen. 

bic  @cf(^trf)tc  (-,  -en),  history, 
story,  affair. 

bag  ©cfc^mcibc  (-g,  -),  trinkets, 
jewels. 

bag  ©cft^oft  (-ffeg,  -ffc),  arrow,  fire- 
arm; floor,  story. 

bie  ©cfc^njtftcr  (pi.  only),  brother (s) 
and  sister  (s). 

ber  @cfca(c)  (-(e)n,  -(e)n),  com- 
panion, fellow. 


bte  @cfcfff(^aft  (-,  -en),  society,  as- 
sociation, company,  social  gath- 
ering. 

bag  @cfc^  (-eg,  -e),  law. 

bic  ©efe^gefiung  (-,-en),  legislation. 

gcfc^t,  fixed,  established,  set  up; 
sedate. 

bag  @ef{rf)t  (-eg,  -cr  or  -c),  sight, 
countenance,  face. 

gefinnt,  minded,  disposed. 

gcftcrn,  yesterday. 

gefunb,  sound,  healthy,  well. 

bic  ©efunbljcit  (-,  -en),  health. 

bag  ©ctrcibc  (-g,  -),  corn,  grain; 
bag  ©etreibetorn  (-g,  -^er),  cereal, 
grain. 

gctrculit!^,  faithfully. 

gcrtJaWtg,  powerful,  strong,  mighty. 

bag  ©chiaffcr  (-g,  -),  water  {collec- 
tive), flood. 

ge)t)erHi(^,  industrial,  professional. 

bic  ©ctoinnung  (-,  -en),  gain(ing); 
acquisition. 

getotft,  sure(ly),  certain (ly). 

bag  ©ehJtffen  (-g,  -),  conscience. 

gertid^nlt^,  usual,  ordinary,  cus- 
tomary, common. 

bag  ©eftjurj  (-eg,  -e),  spice,  season- 
ing. 

ber  ©ettiitrs^anbcl  (-g),  spice  trade, 
commerce  in  spice. 

giertg,  greedy. 

ber  (Si^fet  (-g,  -),  summit,  top. 

ber  ©tans  (-eg),  luster,  brightness, 
splendor,  magnificence,  glory. 

glangcnb,  brilliant,  splendid. 

bag  @ltt)§  (-eg,  -^cr),  glass,  drinking 
glass,  etc. 

ber  @(afer  (-g,  -),  glazier. 

glauben,  to  believe,  think. 

glcid^,  alike,  even,  level,  equal. 


212 


beginners'   GERMAN 


gteid^giiltig,  equivalent,  indifferent. 

baS  (Slicb  (-c8,  -cr),  member,  limb; 
rank  or  file. 

gti^crn,  to  glitter,  glisten. 

\i(x^  @liid  (-eg),  luck,  fortune,  suc- 
cess, happiness. 

flliidfUrfl,  fortunate,  lucky,  happy, 
successful. 

gliil^cn,  glow,  burn. 

bie  @nabc  {-,  -n),  favor,  good- will, 
grace,  mercy. 

bog  OJoIb  (-eg),  gold. 

gotben,  golden,  gilt. 

bie  ©olbfiiftc  (-,  -n),  gold-coast. 

ber  ®ott  (-e«,  *er),  God,  god. 

ber  ©oubcrneur  (-g,  -c),  governor. 

"iio.^  @ra6  (-eg,  -^er),  grave. 

bog  @ra^  (-eg,  ^er),  grass. 

grou,  gray. 

grauentioH,  awful,  horrible. 

grcifen  (griff,  gegriffen),  to  grasp. 

ber  @rei^  (-eg,  -e),  old  man. 

grie(3^if(^,  Greek. 

bog  @ric(^ifd^e  (-n),  Greek  (lan- 
guage). 

gro^,  tall;  gro&erc  Slnjol^I,  a  rather 
large  number. 

bie  ©rij^c  (-,  -n),  tallness,  great- 
ness, size. 

griin,  green. 

ber  ©runb6efi^er  (-g,  -),  landed 
proprietor. 

gritttben,  to  ground,  establish, 
found,  base. 

bie  ©runbform  (-,  -en),  fundamen- 
tal form(s)  (principal  parts). 

Me  QJriinbung  (-,  -en),  founding, 
foundation,  establishment. 

griiticn,  to  grow  or  be  green;  to 
thrive,  prosper.  A 

bic  (SJru^^JC  (-,  -n),  grou  - 


\ 


gtii^en,  to  greet. 

gitttig,  valid,  legal,  binding,  ap- 
plicable, admissible. 

bie  @unft  (-),  favor. 

gut  (beffer,  beft),  good,  well. 

bog  (Sut  (-eg,  -^er),  good  thing,  pos- 
session, property,  goods,  estate, 
farm. 

ber  ©tjmnafiaft  (-en,  -en),  pupil  of 
a  ©ijmnofium. 

bog  ©timnaftum  (-g,  -ten),  German 
higher  school  in  which  the  clas- 
sical languages  are  emphasized. 


bog  ^aar  (-eg,  -c),  hair. 

I^abcn  (er  ()ot;  !)otte,  get)obt),  to  have. 

ber  ^afcn  (-g,  ^),  haven,  port,  har- 
bor. 

1^016,  half. 

bie  ^alfifugcl  (-,  -n),  hemisphere. 

ber  ^cXm  (-eg,  -e),  blade,  stalk. 

ber  ^ai)§  (-eg,  -^e),  neck. 

l^ttttcn  (er  I)oIt;  l^ielt,  getiolten),  to 
hold,  keep;  to  support,  main- 
tain; to  contain;  to  celebrate;  to 
think. 

bie  ^onb  (-,  -^e),  hand. 

ber  ^onbet  (-g),  trade,  commerce, 
affair,  business. 

bie  ^anbel^begic^ung  (-,  -en),  com- 
mercial relations. 

bie  .^ponbel^flottc  (-,  -n),  commer- 
cial fleet,  fleet  of  merchantmen. 

bie  ^ottbel^niebcrlaffung  (-,  -en), 
commercial  settlement,  colony. 

bie  ^onbetigftabt  (-,  -^e),  commercial 
city. 

ber  Jponbct;§lt)cg  (-eg,  -e),  path  of 
commerce. 


VOCABULARY 


213 


bie  ^anblung  (-,  -en),  action,  busi- 
ness, trade,  shop. 

ber  J^anbnjcrfiSdurfic  (-n,-n),  trav- 
eling artisan,  journeyman. 

pngCtt,  to  hang. 

bie  ^anfa  (-),  Hanseatic  league. 

bie  ^anfaftabt  {-,  -e),  city  of  the 
Hanseatic  league. 

f^axt,  hard,  harsh,  severe,  cruel,  ob- 
stinate, difficult. 

^a^Uc^,  hateful,  loathsome,  ugly, 
unpleasant. 

bcr  ^ouc^  (-eg,  -e),  breath,  breeze, 
aspiration. 

I^aucn  (l^ieb,  getiauen),  to  hew,  cut; 
to  lash,  strike,  beat. 

bag  ^anpt  (-eg,  ^er),  head,  chief. 

bie  ^au^tfoc^e  (-,  -n),  chief  mat- 
ter, main  point. 

^au)Jtfo(^Uc^,  chief  (ly),  principal. 

bie  ^au^ftabt  (-,  •^),  chief  city, 
capital. 

bie  ^anpi^txafit  (-,  -n),  main  street. 

bag  ^au^jttcil  (-eg,  -e),  principal 
part. 

bog  J^au^jtnjort  (-eg,  -^cr),  noun. 

bag  ^m§  (-eg,  ^er),  house;  nad^ 
^aufe  0et)en,  to  go  home;  gu  §au[e, 
at  home. 

bie  ^aujgtiir  (-,  -en),  front  door. 

I^efien  (l^ob,  gc^oben),  to  raise,  lift. 

bag  ^eer  (-eg,  -e),  army. 

bag  Jpeft  (-eg,  -e),  handle,  stitched  or 
paper-covered  book;  copy-book. 

bie  ^ctbc  (-,  -n),  heath,  unculti- 
vated land. 

bag  ^cibenriillcin  (-g,  -),  little  rose 
on  the  heath. 

^ctl!  hail! 

I^cilifl,  holy. 

i^cim,  home,  homeward. 


bie  ^ctntat  (-),  home,  native  place 

or  country. 
l^Ctmatlt^,    native,    belonging    to 

one's  home. 
j^etmtic^,  secret(ly). 
ber  ^cimhJcg  (-eg,  -e),  way  or  road 

home. 
^et^,  hot. 
l^et^en  (f)iefe,  gclicifecn),  to  command; 

to  be  named,  called;  to  mean. 
inciter,  bright,  cheerful, 
bie  ^clbentat  (-,  -en),  heroic  deed, 
ber  ^clbcnbatcr  (-g,  ^er),  hero(ic) 

father. 
I^clfcn  (er  I)ilft;  l^alf,  get)oIfen;  dat.), 

to  help;  to  profit,  avail;  to  do 

good. 
l^ctt,  clear,  bright. 
ffcnUn,  to  hang, 
bie  ^cnnc  (-,  -n),  hen. 
l^cr,  hither,  this  way,  near,  since, 

ago. 
l^crafifaHcn  (er  fitltt  l^erab;  fiel  tierab, 

ift  f)erabgefallen),  to  fall  down. 
l^erabfteigen  (ftteg  l^erab,  ift  {)erabge* 

ftiegen),  to  descend,  dismount. 
^cranhiac^fcn  (er  md)\t  Iieran;  inuc^g 

l^eran,  t[t  Iierangenjac^fen),  to  grow 

up. 
^crau^fcnbcn  (fonbtc  tieraug,  {)erau«*' 

gefanbt),  to  send  out. 
bcr  ^crbft  (-eg,  -c),  autumn, 
ber  ^erbftmonat  (-g,  -e),  autumn 

month. 
l^crcin!  (come)  in! 
l^crfa^ten  (er  fal^rt  l^er;  fut)r  fier,  ift 

f)ergefaf)ren),  to  come  hither,  ap- 
proach,   arrive    in    a    vehicle, 

move  or  drive  hastily  along. 
]^ermarf(f(icrcn  (aux.  fein),  to  march 

hither  or  along,  approach. 


214 


BEGINNERS    GERMAN 


bcr  ^tn  (-n,  -en),  master,  lord, 
gentleman,  Mr. 

ber  ^crrfc^cr  (-^,  -),  ruler,  sover- 
eign, commander. 

bcr  ^crrfrffcrl^ron  (-€,  -c(n)  ), 
ruler's  throne. 

tjcrumlicgcn  (lag  l^erum,  f)erumge» 
legen),  to  lie  around. 

lOcrunteriioten,  to  bring  down. 

l^crtjorfommen  (tarn  I)ert3or,  ift  l^cr* 
borgefommen),  to  come  forth 
(out,  up),  appear. 

ba^  ^ct5  (-cn6,  -en),  heart. 

l^erjlid^,  hearty,  cordial,  affection- 
ate. 

ffcntCf  to-day. 

l^eutig,  of  to-day,  of  the  present 
time. 

l^icr,  here. 

I^icrauf,  hereupon,  upon  this,  then. 

bcr  ^immcl  (-6,  -),  heaven,  sky. 

bic  ^immtUauie)  (-,  -(e)n),  fields 
or  meadows  of  heaven. 

l^tmmlifd^,  heavenly. 

ttinahiaqin,  to  hunt  (drive,  chase) 
down. 

l^tnabtDcrfctt  (cr  h)irft  tiinob;  toarf 
l^inab,  l^inabgctDorfcn),  to  throw 
down. 

I^tnauf^  up  (thither),  up  to. 

ii'inan^U^tn  (cr  fief)t  f)inau8;  \af)  f)in* 
au«,  f)inau8gefcf)cn),  to  look  out. 

l^tnein,  into. 

^inctnrufcn  (rief  Iiincin,  l^incingcru=» 
fen),  to  call  in  or  into. 

l^tneittfdett,  to  sow  into  (the  ground). 

bie  ^ingabe  (-),  giving  away, 
surrender,  devotion. 

^tngebcn  (cr  gibt  f)tn;  gab  l^in,  f)ingc» 
gcbcn),  to  give  to  (away);  to  sur- 
render, sacrifice. 


I^Megen,  to  lay  down;  to  put  away; 

fic^  — ,  to  lie  down. 
^inftd^tliti^,  with  regard  to,  as  to, 

touching. 
l^tnter  {wiih  dai.  or  ace),  behind, 

after. 
^iniibersic^en  (jog  biniibcr,  l^iniibcr» 

gc^ogcn),  to  pull  over;  to  pass 

over,  extend. 
j^injutrctcn  (cr  tritt  fjinju;  trat  l^ingu,  ift 

Ilinjugctretcn),  to  step  up  to,  join, 
bcr  ^irt  (-en,  -en),  shepherd. 
^od^  (f)o^er,  I)od§ft),  high,  tall,  great, 

noble. 
tfodifitiiiq,  most  holy, 
bic  ^oe^fd^ulc  (-,  -n),  higher  school 

or  university. 
ber  ^of  (-eS,  -^c),  yard,  courtyard; 

court,  household  (of  a  sovereign) . 
l^offen,  to  hope. 
l^offentKt^,  (as)  I  hope, 
bic  J&dl^c  (-,  -n),  height,  high  level; 

summit,  top;  mountain, 
l^olb,  pleasing,  charming,  lovely, 
l^oten,    to    fetch,    get;    to    draw 

(breath), 
bcr  ^offiinbcr  (-«,  -),  Dutchman. 
baQ  J^olj  (-e3,  -c  or  -^cr),  wood. 
I^dren,  to  hear, 
ber  ^iigel  {-€,  -),  hill. 
tinman,  tending  to  refine,  cultural, 
ber  ^uttb  (-e«,  -e),  dog. 
^unbert,  hundred, 
ber  hunger  (-«),  hunger. 
l^ungern,   to  hunger,   be  hungry, 

starve. 
I^ungrtg,  hungry, 
ber  J&ut  (-e«,  -^c),  hat;  cover, 
ber  ^nttt  (-€,  -),  guardian,  keeper, 
ber  J^ntmaifitt  (-«,  -),  hat-maker, 

hatter. 


VOCABULARY 


215 


liiV  (nom.  pi.  of  hu),  you;  (dai. 
of  fie),  to  her;  poss.  adj.,  her, 
their,  your;  poss.  pron.,  hers,  its, 
theirs. 

i^rigc  (ber,  hit,  ba^  —),  hers,  its, 
theirs;  {with  cap.),  yours;  Mc 
Sf^ngen,  your  family. 

im=tn  bent. 

tmmcr,  always,  ever,  more  and 
more,  continually. 

in  (dat.),  in,  at;  (ace),  into. 

tnbcffcn,  meantime,  meanwhile; 
while,  however,  nevertheless. 

bcr  Snbiancr  (-8,  -),  Indian. 

ber  3ttb«attU  (-(e)g,  -e),  indica- 
tive (mood). 

ber  Sngcnicur  (-8,  -e),  engineer. 

ber  Sn^^tttt  (-eg),  contents. 

innen,  within. 

innetDOl^ttcnb,  indwelling,  innate, 
inherent. 

ln)§  =  ill  bo8. 

tn^ftcfonbcrc,  especially. 

bie  ^ttfct  (-,  -ti),  island. 

tnfortJCit,  in  as  far  as,  so  far,  accord- 
ing as. 

tntcrcffant,  interesting. 

bag  ^tttcrcffc  (-g,  -n),  interest,  ad- 
vantage. 

tnternottonal,  international. 

inttjenbig,  inside,  within. 

Stolien  (-g;  neut.),  Italy. 

itoltcnifc^,  Italian. 


fa,  yes;  indeed,  truly,  certainly, 

you  know,  of  course. 
i>a^  ^a^v  (-eS,  -e),  year. 


bic  Stt^rC!§5Cit  (-,  -en),  time  of  year, 

season. 
ba^  SJtt^r^unbcrt  {-§,  -e),  century. 
lal^rig,  year  long,  lasting  a  year, 
ber  3>tnu«r  (-«),  January. 
it,  always,  at  a  time,  each;  (before 

comparatives),  the;  —  ...  befto, 

the  .  .  .  the. 
jebettfall!^,  at  all  events,  in  any  case, 

however. 
ieb  ( — cr,  — c,  — eg),  each,  every. 
jebcrjcit,  at  all  times. 
itht^mti,  each  (every)  time. 
ithodi,  however,  nevertheless,  yet. 
iemattb,  some  one. 
jcn  (— er,  — e,  — eg),  that  one,  the 

former. 
jje^t,  now. 

jc^ig,  present,  now  existing, 
bie  S^ugenb  (-),  youth,  young  peo- 
ple, 
ber  Sua  (-(g)),  July. 
iung,  young;  ilingftc  3eit,  recent 

time, 
bcr  SuwQC  (-n,  -n  or  -ng),  boy,  lad, 

youth. 
bie^ungfrau  (-,  -en),  young  woman, 

virgin, 
ber  Sunt  (-(g)),  June, 
ber  (bag)  S»>tJcI  (-g,  -c  or  -en), 

jewel,  gem. 


ber  ^affec  (-g,  -g),  coffee. 

bie  ^affectaffe  (-,  -n),  coffee  cup. 

bcr  ^a^n  (-g,  *e),  boat. 

ber  ^aifcr  (-g,  -),  emperor;  bie  ^ai« 

ferin  (-,  -nen),  empress, 
bie  SlatfcrfamtUc  (-,  -n),  imperial 

family,  family  of  the  emperor. 
Jttiferio^,  without  an  emperor. 


2l6 


beginners'   GERMAN 


bic  SlaifcrtoJirbc  (-,  -n),  office  or 
position  of  the  emperor;  see 
SSurbc. 

U\i,  cold. 

bcr  ilamcrob  (-8  or  -m,  -en),  com- 
rade, companion,  fellow. 

ber  Uamm  (-eg,  ^e),  comb. 

fomtnen,  to  comb. 

fam^jfen,  to  fight,  combat,  struggle. 

ber  ^am^f  (-eg,  -^e),  battle,  combat. 

bie  ^am^fe^Iuft  (-),  eager  desire  for 
battle. 

bos  ^tt^jitat  (-g,  -ten),  capital, 
principal. 

ber  ^a^jitattft  (-en,  -en),  capitalist. 

bie  Slartc  (-,  -n),  card,  map,  chart. 

ber  ^aftctt  (-6,  -),  box,  chest. 

bie  ta^c  (-,  -n),  cat. 

lauen,  to  chew. 

foufen,  to  buy,  purchase. 

ber  5laufmann  (-«,  -teute),  mer- 
chant, tradesman,  shopkeeper. 

faum,  hardly,  scarcely;  —  .  . .,  fo 
. . .,  scarcely  .  .  .,  when  . . . 

bie  ^cl^le  (-,  -n),  throat. 

fcl^ren,  to  turn,  sweep. 

ber  Sleim  (-eg,  -e),  germ,  embryo. 

fcin,  not  any,  no,  not  a;  feinS  Don 
beiben,  neither  of  the  two. 

ber  tetter  (-g,  -),  cellar. 

fcnnen  (fannte,  gefannt),  to  know, 
be  acquainted. 

bie  Slenntni^  (-,  -ffe),  knowledge, 
information. 

ber  tcrt  (-eg,  -e),  fellow,  worthless 
fellow,  bad  character. 

fcud^en,  to  pant,  gasp,  cough. 

bog  tinb  (-eg,  -er),  child. 

finblt^,  childlike ;  childish. 

bie  tir(((c  (-,  -n),  church. 

Cagcn,  to  complain;  einent  ti\Qa,^ 


— ,  to  complain  to  one  of  some- 
thing. 

ber  ttang  (-eg,  -^e),  sound,  tone, 
ringing;  repute. 

flax,  clear,  bright. 

bie  tiaffc  (-,  -n),  class. 

bie  tlaffcnurjr  (-,  -en),  class  clock. 

bag  tlaffcnsimmer  (-g,  -),  class 
room. 

bag  Sltetb  (-eg,  -er),  article  of  cloth- 
ing, garment,  dress. 

Hetben,  to  clothe. 

tlcin,  small,  little. 

Heinafiattf^;  of  Asia  Minor. 

tiop^tn,  to  knock,  beat,  pound. 

Hug,  intelligent,  clever,  wise. 

ber  tnabe  (-n,  -n),  boy. 

bie  tnabenfd^ute  (-,  -n),  school  for 
boys. 

bcr  Unt^i  (-eg,  -e),  servant. 

tmp\tix,  to  fasten  together,  join, 
tie,  knot. 

ber  to(^  (-eg,  -^e),  cook. 

bie  tol^te  (-,  -n),  coal. 

ber  or  bag  UoUmalhtxtx^  (-eg,  -e), 
colonial  province,  domain. 

bie  tolonialmad^t  (-,  ^e),  colonial 
power. 

bie  tolonte  (-,  -n),  colony. 

ber  tolonifator  (-g,  -en),  colonizer. 

fommcn  {tarn,  x\t  gefommen),  to 
come,  arrive,  happen. 

bie  tom|:»agnie  (-,  -n),  company 
{military). 

bag  tonbiment  (-g,  -c),  seasoning. 

ber  tonig  (-g,  -e),  king. 

bag  Slbnigrctd^  (-eg,  -e),  kingdom, 
empire. 

bie  Conjugation  (-,  -en),  conjuga- 
tion. 

{onjugicren,  to  conjugate. 


VOCABULARY 


217 


ber  ^onjunfttt)  (-(c)6,  -c),  sub- 
junctive (mood). 

Unntn  (er  farm;  tonnU,  gcfonnt),  to 
be  able  to;  to  know,  understand. 

ber  to^f  (-eg,  ^e),  head. 

bag  5lo^flt)C^  (-eg,  -c  or  -en),  head- 
ache. 

ber  ^orl6  (-eg,  ^e),  basket. 

bag  ^orn  (-eg,  ^er;  (i^w.  bag  ^orn* 
c^en),  grain. 

ber  ^or^cr  (-g,  -),  body. 

bie  5liJr^crfrf|aft  (-,  -tn),  corpora- 
tion, body. 

foftbar,  costly,  expensive,  v'aluable, 
excellent,  precious. 

td^tiidl,  costly,  excellent,  delicious. 

bie  ^raft  (-,  -^e),  strength,  vigor, 
power,  force,  energy. 

frafttg,  strong,  powerful,  forceful. 

fraftJJOtt,  full  of  strength,  powerful. 

hant,  sick,  ill. 

bie  5lranfi^ett  (-,  -en),  sickness,  ill- 
ness, disease. 

ber  ^rans  (-eg,  ^e),  garland,  wreath. 

bag  ^raut  (-eg,  *er;  dim.  bag  ^raut* 
lein),  herb,  plant,  vegetable, 
weed, 

bie  ^Iretbc  (-,  -n),  chalk,  crayon. 

bag  5lteu5  (-eg,  -e),  cross,  crucifix. 

ber  ^rcu53ug  (-eg,  -^e),  crusade. 

ber  5ltteg  (-(e)g,  -e),  war. 

ber  5lrieger  (-g,  -),  warrior,  soldier. 

ber  Slricg^^err  (-(e)n,  -en),  com- 
mander-in-chief. 

ber  ilronprins  (-en,  -en),  crown 
prince. 

frumm,  crooked,  bent,  curved, 
twisted;  dishonest. 

bie  ^iid^c  (-,  -en),  kitchen. 

ber  5lud^en  (-g,  -),  cake. 

ber  ^udurf  (-(e)g,  -e),  cuckoo. 


bte  tul^  (-,  -^c),  cow. 

fii^t,  cool. 

fitttftig,  future,  coming. 

bie  ^unft  (-,  *e),  art,  skill. 

ber  ^urfiirft  (-en,  -en),  electoral 
prince. 

Imio^,  curious,  singular. 

ber  ^urfujg  (-,  -fe),  course  (of  in- 
struction). 

furs,  short. 

bie  ^ijftc  (-,  -n),  coast,  shore. 

bie  ^utfd^c  (-,  -n),  carriage,  coach. 

ber  ^utft^cr  (-g,  -),  coachman, 
driver. 

s 

ldii)tin,  to  smile. 

ladicn,  to  laugh. 

ber  Sabcn  (-g,  ■^),  shop,  store. 

bie  Sage  (-,  -n),  situation,  position, 
condition. 

la^m,  lame,  crippled. 

bag  Sanb  (-eg,  -e  or  -^er),  land,  soil; 
country;  state;  p  — ,  by  land. 

bie  SanbCi^marf  (-,  -en),  border, 
boundary  of  a  country. 

bte  Sanbci^tjcrtrctung  (-,  -en),  na- 
tional body  of  representatives, 
diet,  parliament,  congress. 

ber  Sanbmonn  (-eg,  -leute),  farmer, 
peasant. 

ber  Sanbigmann  (-eg,  ^er),  country- 
man, compatriot. 

bie  Sanbftra^c  (-,  -en),  highroad, 
highway,  main  country  road. 

lang,  long;  langc,  a  long  time. 

bie  fiangc  (-,  -n),  length. 

longfam,  slow,  slowly. 

laffen  (er  lafet;  liefe,  gelaffen),  to  let, 
leave  (alone);  to  let  go;  to  cause 
or  have  (done). 


2l8 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


bic  Saft  (-,  -en),  load,  burden. 

bog  Satcin  (-6),  Latin  (language). 

lateinifii^,  Latin. 

laufctt  (cr  lauft;  lief,  ift  gelaufcn),  to 
run. 

ha^  fittttfCtt  (-8),  running. 

laut,  loud,  noisy,  aloud. 

tauten,  to  sound,  read, 

(c6cn,  to  live. 

ha^  2c6cn  (-«,  -),  life. 

bcr  Scfictiiggcttufe  (-ffc3,  -^ffc),  enjoy- 
ment of  life. 

Uhttooftil  farewell,  good-byl 

Icdcn,  to  lick. 

Icgcn,  to  lay,  put,  place;  fic^  — ,  to 
lie  down. 

bic  Segenbe  (-,  -n),  legend. 

bic  Sc^ranftalt  (-,  -en),  educational 
institution,  school. 

bic  Scl^rc  (-,  -n),  teaching,  theory, 
precept. 

lel^ren,  to  teach. 

bcr  Scffrcr  {-^,  -),  teacher. 

bic  Sc^rcrin  (-,  -ncn),  (female) 
teacher. 

bic  Sc^rcrgaiOl  (-),  number  of 
teachers. 

ha^  2c^rfa(^  (-e6,  -^er),  subject  (or 
branch)  of  teaching. 

bcr  Sd^rling  (-g,  -t),  apprentice. 

Icidlt,  light,  easy. 

Ictb,  adj.  (used  with  fcitt,  tun,  h)cr* 
ben),  painful,  disagreeable;  eS  ift 
mtr  — ,  I  am  sorry;  c8  tut  mir  — 
um  ©ic,  I  pity  you,  I  am  sorry 
for  you;  bic  ^ijjferbc  taten  il^m  — , 
he  was  sorry  for  the  horses. 

Ictbcn  (litt,  Qclittcn)  an,  to  suffer 
from;  to  endure,  tolerate,  per- 
mit. 

Icibcr,  unfortunately. 


Icifc,  low,  soft,  gentle. 

bic  Scftton  (-,  -en),  lesson. 

bic  2cr(^c  (-,  -n),  lark. 

Icrncn,  to  learn;  au§ft)enbig  — ,  to 
learn  by  heart. 

U^hav,  legible. 

Icfcn  (cr  Itcft;  lag,  Qclcfcn),  to  gather, 
pick  out  or  up;  to  read. 

ha^  Scfcftitd  (-c8,  -e),  selection  for 
reading,  piece. 

lc<|t,  last,  latest,  latter. 

bic  Scute  (pL),  people,  men. 

bcr  Scutnant  (-g,  -8),  lieutenant. 

ba^  Sid^t  (-eg,  -cr  or  -e),  light. 

(ie&,  dear,  beloved,  valued,  at- 
tractive, charming;  —  f)aben,  to 
love,  like,  be  fond  of. 

bic  Ste6e  (-),  love. 

Iteben,  to  love,  Hke. 

Iteblii^,  charming  (ly). 

bcr  Siebting  (-8,  -c),  favorite,  pet, 
darling. 

haQ  2teb  (-eg,  -cr),  song. 

licgen  (fag,  gclcgcn),  to  lie;  to  be 
situated. 

bic  Stnte  (-,  -n),  line;  in  crftcr  — ,  in 
the  first  place. 

lint  (-C  or  -cr,  -c,  -eg),  left;  linfg, 
to  the  left,  on  the  left. 

bic  Si^^c  (-,  -n),  lip. 

(oben,  to  praise. 

(orfig,  curly. 

bcr  Siiffcl  (-g,  -),  spoon. 

(o^nen,  to  reward;  eg  Iof)nt  ftd^  (bcr 
9}Jli{)c),  it  is  worth  while. 

bag  Sorbeerblatt  (-eg,  -^cr),  laurel- 
leaf. 

(o^,  loose,  free,  released,  flowing. 

lofe,  loose;  dissolute. 

lijfen,  to  loosen,  untie;  solve. 

IO)gge^en  (ging  log,  ift  loggegangen), 


VOCABULARY 


219 


to  come  or  go  off;  to  begin;  auf 
eincn  — ,  to  fly  at,  attack. 

bie  2uft  (-,  -^e),  air,  atmosphere, 
breeze. 

bic  2uft  (-  -^c),  pleasure,  joy,  de- 
light, desire. 

m 

madden,  to  make,  do;  to  cause, 
effect;  to  amount  to. 

bic  SWo(^t  (-,  ^t),  might,  strength, 
power;  powerful  state. 

mdrfftlg,  mighty,  powerful,  strong. 

\ia%  SWabd^cn  (-«,  -),  girl,  maiden, 
maid. 

bic  aWogb  (-,  ^t),  maid,  kitchen- 
maid,  general  servant. 

tnal^Icn,  to  mill,  grind. 

ber  SWat  (-  or  -eg),  May. 

bic  SWaib  (-),  {poetical),  see  SD^agb, 
ajjftbc^en. 

mot,  times,  time;  once. 

ntalcn,  to  paint. 

bcr  SKalcr  (-g,  -),  painter. 

tnatl  (indec),  people,  one,  they. 

mantii  ( — er,  — c,  — eg),  many  (a), 
many  a  one,  much. 

ntand^mal,  sometimes,  often. 

ber  Wlann  (-eg,  -^er),  man,  husband. 

ber  Mttntelfatf  (-eg,  -^e),  portman- 
teau, saddlebag. 

bag  Wlavd)cn  (-g,  -),  (fairy)  tale, 
legend. 

ble  ai'lttrinc  (-,  -n),  navy. 

bic  SKarJ  (-,  -en),  boundary,  bor- 
der country;  mark,  coin  =  about 
24  cents. 

bic  SJlotfc  (-,  -n),  stamp  (letter). 

ber  'Silavtt  (-eg,-^e),  market,  market- 
place. 

tnorfd^tcrcn  (aux.  fein),  to  march. 


bcr  SWars  (-en  or  -eg),  March, 
bag  a^ltttcrial  (-g,  -icn),  material, 

stock, 
bie  Wlatffematit  (-),  mathematics, 
bag  Wlaul   (-eg,  ^er),   mouth   {of 

beasts). 
bic  Wan^  (-,  -^e),  mouse, 
bag  Wltcv  (-eg,  -c),  sea. 
tnccrfrcmb,   strange  or  unused  to 

the  sea. 
bag  Wltfji  (-g),  meal,  flour,  powder. 
mcl^r    {generally    indec;    but    pi., 

— ere),   more,   several;   further; 

—  alg,  more  than, 
bic  Wlci)Xiaf)i   {-,  -en),   majority; 

plural  (number). 
tncitt  (— ,  — e,  — ),  my,  mine;  — er, 

— e,   — eg,   mine;    ber,   bie,   bag 

— (ig)e,  mine. 
tnctncn,  to  be  of  the  opinion,  think, 

suppose,  mean, 
bie    aWeittung     (-,    -en),     notion, 

opinion,  intention,  thought,  will. 
tnctft  {superl.  of  mel^r),  most. 
tnciftcn!§,  for  the  most  part,  mostly, 

generally, 
bic  9Kctobie  (-,  -en),  melody,  tune, 

air. 
bic  SWclonc  (-,  -n),  melon, 
bie  SWcnge  (-,  -n),  great  quantity 

or  number;   multitude,   crowd, 

mass, 
bcr  Mtn^6)  (-en,  -en),  human  being, 

person, 
bic  9Jlcnfc^f(ett  (-),  humanity,  man- 
kind. 
mcrJcn,  to  mark,  observe,  perceive, 

note, 
bag  ajieffcr  (-g,  -),  knife, 
(ber)  9Kirf|acU^  (ber — tag),  Michael- 
mas (day)  (Sept.  29th). 


220 


beginners'   GERMAN 


bic  Wlkne  (-,  -n),  mien,  bearing, 
expression. 

bic  aKitd^  (-),  milk. 

bag  aWUr^gla^  (-eg,  -^er),  milk  glass. 

inttb,  mild,  tender,  gentle,  kind, 
generous. 

ber  aWilitarbicnft  (-eg,  -e),  military 
service. 

bie  WliUiathe  (-,  -en),  milliard  (bil- 
lion). 

bie  Sltillion  (-,  -en),  million. 

bie  SOltnc  (-,  -n),  mine. 

bie  SDlittutc  (-,  -n),  minute. 

tniftgiinftig,  envious,  jealous. 

ber  aWifftonar  (-g,  -e),  missionary. 

tnit,  adv.  and  sep.  prefix,  along, 
along  with,  together;  {in  com- 
pounds), CO-, iellow-; prep,  (dat.), 
with,  along  with,  together,  at, 
to. 

tnit£irtngen  (brad^te  mit,  mitgebra(|t), 
to  bring  with  or  along. 

tnitcinattber,  with  one  another 
(each  other). 

bag  SRitglteb  (-g,  -er),  member. 

millttufen  (er  lauft  mit;  lief  mit,  ift 
mitgelaufen),  to  run  with,  along 
or  along  with. 

ber  9Kittag  (-g,  -e),  noon(day). 

bag  2>ltttageffcn  (-g,  -),  noonday 
meal,  dinner. 

bog  miUdaiicv  (-g).  Middle  Ages. 

tnittcn,  midway,  (in)  the  middle  of. 

bie  9Wittcrnarf|t  (-,  -^e),  midnight. 

ber  Wlxtttoodi  (-g,  -e),  Wednesday. 

mithJirfen,  to  cooperate,  assist, 
collaborate,  take  part,  contrib- 
ute towards. 

tnogen  (er  mag;  mod^te,  gemod^t),  to 
like,  desire,  be  willing;  to  be  per- 
mitted; to  be  possible;  may. 


tttiigttd^,  possible. 

tnijglic^ft  (superl.  of  mogltd^),  as 
...  as  possible. 

ber  fEUonat  (-g,  -e),  month. 

ber  SRontog  (-eg,  -e),  Monday. 

morolifd^,  moral. 

tnorgcn,  morning,  to-morrow;  — 
fritf),  to-morrow  morning. 

ber  SWorgcn  (-g,  -),  morning,  dawn; 
am  folgenben  — ,  on  the  next  day. 

tttorgcnft^iin,  as  beautiful  as  the 
morning. 

tttiibc,  tired. 

bie  Wlixfie  (-,  -n),  trouble,  pains, 
effort,  labor;  nid^t  ber  —  toert, 
not  worth  while. 

ber  aWiiffcr  (-g,  -),  miller. 

bte  aJiuItipUfation  (-,  -en),  multipli- 
cation, 

ber  Wlunt}  (-eg,  -e  and  -^er),  mouth. 

miittblid^,  orally. 

murrcn,  to  murmur,  grumble,  com- 
plain. 

tniiffcn  (er  mufe;  mufete,  gcmufet), 
must,  to  be  obliged  to,  have  to. 

ber  SOlut  (-eg),  mood,  disposition, 
spirit,  courage. 

tnuttg,  courageous,  spirited. 

bie  aWuttcr  (-,  ^),  mother. 

m 

nad^  (dat.),  after,  later;  towards, 
to;  —  unb  — ,  little  by  little,  by 
degrees;  —  ■^aufe,  home. 

nad^bcm,  adv.,  afterwards;  conj., 
after,  according  as. 

ber  SfJod^fotgcr  (-g,  -),  successor. 

nad^gtcbig,  flexible,  yielding. 

nad^ticr,  afterward. 

ber  91adf|mittag  (-eg,  -e),  afternoon. 

bie  9^adf)rid^t  (-,  -en),  news. 


VOCABULARY 


221 


bcr  ^a^^^nh  (-c«,  -^e),  new  batch, 
reenforcements. 

nad^ft  (superl.  of  nai)),  next,  nearest, 
closest. 

bic  ^adfi  (-,  ^t),  night;  liber  — , 
over  night,  during  the  night. 

bte  S^labcl  (-,  -It),  needle. 

ber  SfJagcl  (-g,  ■^),  nail. 

na^  (nal)er,  nac^ft),  near,  close  (by); 
— (c)  an,  near  to. 

bic  ^afft  (-,  -n),  nearness,  neigh- 
borhood. 

ber  Mamt (n)  (^ (n) g,  -n) ,  name,  title. 

namtn§,  named,  of  the  name. 

namlirfl,  namely,  to  wit,  that  is  to 
say. 

ber  9^arr  (-en,  -en),  fool,  idiot. 

bie  Sflafe  (-,  -n),  nose. 

na^,  wet. 

bag  S^ationotbcnfmat   (-(e)§,  ^cr), 
national  monument. 

ber  91  attonalfcicr tag  (-eg,  -e),  na- 
tional holiday. 

ha€  9lattonaflicb  (-eS,  -er),  national 
song. 

bie  Mation  (-,  -en),  nation. 

bie  ^atnx  (-,  -en),  nature. 

natiirliifi,  natural  (ly),  of  course. 

bie  StaturrtJtffenfrfiaft  (-,  -en),  nat- 
ural science. 

neben  {dat.  or  ace),  near,  next  to, 
beside. 

ncben^er,  along,  beside. 

nc^mcn  (er  nimmt;  nalnt,  genom* 
men),  to  take,  seize. 

ncibifd^,  envious,  jealous  (auf,  of). 

nein,  no. 

nennen  (nannte,  genannt),  to  name, 

call. 
neu,  new;  neuere  ©prad^en,  modern 
languages. 


ncugtcrig,  curious  (ly). 

bag  ^Imiativ  (-eg,  -e).  New  Year. 

neun,  nine;  neunte,  ninth. 

ttic^t,  not. 

mdit§,  nothing;  mtr  —  Mr  — ,  quite 
coolly,  without  ado. 

nic,  never. 

ber  Sfltcbcrbeutfc^c  (-n,  -n),  Low 
German. 

ntcbcr,  nether,  low,  down. 

fic^  niebcrtoffen  (cr  Ictfet  fid^  nteber; 
Uefe  fic^  nteber,  fid^  ntebergelaffen), 
to  sit  down,  settle. 

nicbcrfc^ouctt,  to  look  down. 

nicberfc^ie^en  (fc^o^  nteber,  nieberge* 
fd^offen),  to  shoot  down. 

niebrig,  low,  vile,  mean,  lowly. 

nictnanb,  no  one,  nobody. 

nimmcr,  never  (again). 

nod^,  beside,  further ;  still,  yet,  asyet; 
another;  —  einmal,  once  more. 

ber  SflominatitJ  (-g,  -t),  nominative 
(case). 

ber  Slorbcn  (-g),  the  North. 

ttorbnjart^,  northward. 

ber  9'lotJcmbcr  (-(g)),  November. 

bie  S^Jot  (-,  -^e),  need,  want,  neces- 
sity, trouble,  difficulty. 

nolhjcnbigernjeifc,  necessarily,  of 
necessity. 

bie  MuU  (-,  -en),  naught,  zero. 

bie  9lummer  (-,  -n),  number,  cipher. 

nun,  now,  well. 

nur,  only,  merely,  scarcely,  a  little 
while  ago,  but  just,  just. 

p  nuijc;  —  madden,  to  turn  to  ad- 
vantage, avail  one's  self  of. 

ber  9lu^en  (-g),  use,  profit,  ad- 
vantage. 

nit^ltdl,  useful,  advantageous. 

nu^tO!§,  useless,  unprofitable. 


222 


BEGINNERS    GERMAN 


ohf  if,  whether. 

ohttt,  above,  aloft,  on  high,  at  the 
top. 

oi)etf)aii>,  above. 

bie  OUtllppt  {-,  -n),  upper  lip. 

bie  Ohetpvima,  upper  first  (grade); 
highest  class  in  a  German  higher 
school,  ninth  year. 

bie  06crrca(f(i^u(c  (-,  -n),  a  German 
higher 'school  in  which  the  an- 
cient languages  are  displaced  by 
the  modern,  and  where  the  arts, 
sciences,  and  technical  subjects 
are  emphasized. 

bie  Dficrfcfunba,  upper  second 
(grade);  seventh  year  in  a  Ger- 
man higher  school. 

ofierft  (superl.  ofohtx),  top,  highest. 

ber  Oiierji  (-en,  -tn),  chief,  colonel. 

bie  Ohcvtcttia,  upper  third  (grade); 
fifth  year  in  a  German  higher 
school. 

bie  Ofirigfeit  (-,  -tn),  magistrate, 
authorities. 

bo«  Dbft  (-C6),  fruit. 

obtoo^I,  though,  although. 

obcr,  or,  or  else,  otherwise. 

bcr  Of  en  (-8,  ^),  oven,  stove. 

offen,  open,  frank,  public. 

ijffentlid^,  public. 

bcr  Offisier  (-«,  -c),  officer. 

offnen,  to  open. 

oft,  often. 

flfterig  {compar.  of  oft),  quite  often. 

Oi^ne  {ace),  without,  but  for,  ex- 
cept; —  ho.^,  but  that,  save 
that;  —  bofe  er  bemerfte,  without 
his  seeing,  so  that  he  did  not  see. 

h(i?>  O^r  (-(e) 6,  -en),  ear. 

ber  Oftpfier  (-(«)),  October. 


ber  Dnfcl  (-8,  -),  uncle. 

tid^  O^er  (-8,  -),  offering,  sacrifice, 
victim. 

O^ferfreubig,  willing  to  make  sacri- 
fices, self-sacrificing. 

O^fern,  to  sacrifice. 

orbentlid^,  orderly,  regular,  proper, 
usual. 

ber  Often  (-«),  East. 

bie  Oftern  {pL),  Easter. 

Cl)fterrei(^  (-8;  neut.),  Austria. 

dftfid^,  eastern,  easterly. 

bie  Oftmarl  (-,  -en),  eastern  border 
country. 

bie  Oftfce  (-),  Baltic  Sea. 


baa  '^(LdX  (-e8,  -e),  pair,  couple. 

ft(^  ^acfen,  to  be  gone;  ftc^  feincr 
SBege  — ,  to  go  his  way,  clear  out 
on  his  way. 

bog  t^a^ner  (-8,  -e),  paper. 

ber  ^tLpxtttmh  (-e8,  ■^),  paper-bas- 
ket. 

ber  ^axl  (-e«,  -e),  park. 

\>a^  ^erUment  (-f8,  -e),  parliament. 

:>>ftrUmettt«rtf(^,  parliamentary. 

bie  5)Settf<^e  (-,  -n),  whip. 

bie  ^crfoH  (-,  -en),  person,  r6le. 

ber  ^fttrrer  (-8,  -),  clergyman,  par- 
son, minister. 

Hifetfen  (pfiff,  gcpfiffcn),  to  whistle. 

bcr  ^Pfennig  (-8,  -e),  the  smallest 
German  coin,  iI-q  mark;  about 
\  cent. 

bog  ^ferb  (-eg,  -e),  horse. 

bie  ^fingftcn  {pL),  Whitsuntide, 
Pentecost, 

bie  ^flanse  (-,  -n),  plant. 

))f(an3en,  to  plant. 


VOCABULARY 


223 


Mc  ^5flautnc  (-,  -n),  plum. 

bie  ^ficqe  (-,  -n),  care  (of,  for), 
tending,  fostering,  cultivating. 

bie  5)StftoIc  (-,  -n),  pistol. 

btc  ^tagc  (r,  -n),  plague. 

bie  ^(antage  (-,  -n),  plantation. 

bie  ^lantagcnbcfi^ung  (-, -en),  plan- 
tation possession,  dependency, 
dominion. 

ber  ^k^  (-e8,  -^e),  place. 

ber  tlSta^rcgcn  (-3,-),  sudden  down- 
pour of  rain, 

plo^iidl,  sudden (ly). 

ber  plural  (-«,  -e),  plural  (num- 
ber). 

^JoUtifr^,  political. 

ber  ^ratt  (-6),  bounce,  rebound. 

ha^  ^xaitnS,  present  tense. 

^un^tn  (-«;  neut.),  Prussia. 

pxtn^xidi,  Prussian. 

ber  ^ri«s  (-en,  -en),  prince. 

bie  ^rtugcffm  (-,  -nen),  princess. 

bie  ^ribatfc^ulc  (-,  -n),  private 
school. 

ber  ^rofeffor  (-«,  -en),  professor. 

bie  ^rofa  (-),  prose. 

<>rofitl  your  health!  may  it  do  you 
much  good! 

ha^  ^utt  (-eg,  -e),  desk. 

ber  ^nnft  (-eS,  -e),  point,  dot, 
period;  sharp  (of  time). 


btc  Ouabratmcile  (-,  -n),  square 

mile, 
bie  Oltarta,  fourth  grade;  the  third 

year  in  a  German  higher  school, 
bie  Oueffc  (-,  -n),  spring,  source, 
bie  duinta,  fifth  grade;  the  second 

year  in  a  German  higher  school. 


[i{^  ta(i}tn,  to  take  revenge. 

rttf(^,  quick(ly). 

ber  JRafen^ta^  (-e3,  -^e),  lawn. 

bie  9?aft  (-),  rest. 

ber  Mat^^ttv  (-n,  -en),  alderman, 
councilman. 

bie  mattt  (-,  -n),  rat. 

ber  Of{eaIgt)mnaftaft  (-en,  -en),  pupil 
of  a  9^ealgt)mna[tunx. 

ba^  9fJeol0t)mnafium  (-6,  -ten),  see 
also  &timna\mm;  German  higher 
school  in  which  Greek  is  re- 
placed by  the  modern  languages 
while  Latin  is  given  with  fewer 
lessons  than  in  the  ®l)mnafium. 

bic  9fiee^cttauf0a0c  (-,  -en),  task  or 
lesson  in  arithmetic. 

red^nen,  to  count,  calculate,  reckon, 
count  upon. 

ha€  Ofied^ncn  (-g),  arithmetic,  count- 
ing. 

rcd^t,  right,  quite,  real;  properly; 
—  I^abcn,  to  be  right;  eg  alien  Sen* 
ten  —  madden,  to  please  or  suit 
everyone. 

ha^  dit^t  (-eg,  -e),  right,  claim, 
title,  law,  justice. 

ttti)i^,  to  the  right,  on  the  right. 

bie  OfJcbc  (-,  -n),  speech. 

rcben,  to  speak,  talk. 

bag  9iebcn  (-g),  talking,  speaking. 

rcgc,  astir,  lively,  active. 

ber  Ofiegen  (-g,  -),  rain. 

ber  9f{cgctttro))fen  (-g,  -),  rain- 
drop. 

rcgtcrctt,  to  reign,  rule. 

rcgnen,  to  rain. 

rcic^,  rich. 

bag  Oleirfj  (-eg,  -e),  empire,  king- 
dom, realm. 


224  BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 

bic  9Jcl(^^angcIcgcnl^clt  (-,  -en),  af-  hit  3Jofc  (-,  -n;  dim.  ba^  dlo^km), 

fairs  of  the  empire.  rose, 

bcr  ditxdf^tan$ht  {-^,  -),  Imperial  baS  9ioff  (-ffe«,-f[c),  horse,  charger. 

Chancellor.                '  tot,  red. 

bic  dttxd)§vtqkvttnQ  (-,  -en),  govern-  ber  ytMQanq  (-e8,  -^e),  going  back, 

ment  of  the  empire.  return,  retreat,  retrogression, 

ber  JRcic^^tag  (-c8,  -e),  (imperial)  ber  9iuf  (-eg, -e),  call,  cry;  vocation, 

diet,  Parliament.  calling;  reputation. 

retf,  ripe,  mature.  rufctt   (rtcf,  Qcrufen),   to   call,   ex- 

bie  9ici^e  (-,  -n),  row,  rank,  line,  claim. 

order.  bie  9fJul^e  (-,  -n),  rest,  peace,  quiet, 

reifen  (aux.  fctn  and  l^abcn),  to  travel,  sleep. 

journey.  rul^en,  to  rest,  sleep, 

bcr    Sicirige    (-n,    -n),    horseman,  ru^ig,    quiet(ly),    tranquil,    still, 

trooper.  peaceful. 

reifen  (rife,  geriffen),  to  tear;  an  fid^  ru^mboll,  famous,  glorious. 

— ,  to  usurp.  ruttb,  round. 
retten  (ritt,  ift  geritten),  to  ride  (on 

horseback), 

bic  JHeltgtou  (-,  -en),  religion.  bic  @a(^e   (-,  -n),   thing,   affair, 

renncn  (rannte,  ift  gerannt),  to  run,  cause,  case. 

race,  Sad^fen  (-«;  neut.),  Saxony, 

ber  9fiettcr  (-8,  -),  savior,  rescuer.  ber  ®arf  (-e^,  -^e),  sack,  bag. 

ber  IR^cin^falser  (-«,  -),  inhabit-  bie   <Sagc    (-,   -n),    saying,    tale, 

ant  of    the    Palatinate    of   the  legend,  tradition. 

Rhine.  fagen,    to    say,   tell,    speak,    pro- 

rtd^ten,  to  adjust,  arrange,  put  in  nounce. 

order;  to  regulate;  to  turn;  to  bic  Samntluttg  (-,  -en),  collection. 

address;   to  judge;   to   try;   to  bcr  (SottD^tog  (-eg,  -e),  Saturday. 

execute.  ber  (Sang  (-eg,  -^e),  song,  singing, 

ber  fRtd^tcr  (-g,  -),  judge.  ber  ©a^  (-eg,  -^e),  sentence,  phrase. 

rid^tig,  right,  correct,  in  order.  fauer,  sour,  cross, 

bag  9{id(|tl^aUj^   (-feg,  •^fer),  court-  ber  ©d^abe(n)  (-ng,  •*),  damage,  in- 

house.  jury,  wrongs. 

rtec^en  (rod^,  gerod^en),  to  smell.  bic  ©d^atc  (-,  -n),  shell,  skin,  peel, 

ber  Dfticmcn  (-g,  -),  strap;  thong.  husk. 

riefcn^aft,  gigantic.  bag   (Sd^oltial^r    C-Ce)g,   -e),   leap- 

rinnen  (rann,  ift  geronnen),  to  flow,  year. 

run.  bie  ©d^ar  (-,  -en),  band,  flock,  mul- 

ber  9fJoggcn  (-g),  rye.  titude,  crowd. 

romanifd^,  Romanic,  Romance.  fd^arf,  sharp. 


VOCABULARY 


225 


bcr  ©(fatten  (-6,  -),  shadow. 
fd^a^Ctt,  to  treasure,  prize,  value, 

estimate. 
f^aucn,  to  look  at,  gaze  upon,  be- 
hold, see. 
ba^  ©d^aufenftctr  (-g,  -),  show- (dis- 
play-) window. 
ber  ©d^aum  (-e^,  -^e),  foam,  lather. 
f(^eibcn  (f(^ieb,  ift  or  l^at  gcfc^ieben), 

to  depart;  to  separate. 
fc^cinctt  (fc^ien,  gefc^ienen),  to  shine; 

to  seem,  appear. 
f^crgcn,  to  jest,  joke. 
fd^idfctt,  to  send. 
ba&  <Srf)iff  (-eg,  -e;  dim.  ha&  ©d^iff= 

d^en),  ship,  vessel. 
bcr  ©(^iffcr  (-S,  -),  skipper,  sailor, 

boatman. 
fd^tm^fcn,  to  insult;  to  abuse;  — 

auf,  to  vituperate,  rail  against, 
bcr  Sd^impfnamc  (-nS,  -it),  abusive 

name,  nickname. 
fd^rafen  (er  fc^Iiift;  fd^Iief,  gcf^Iafcn), 

to  sleep, 
bag  Srfilaf simmer  (-S,  -),  bedroom, 
fc^tagen  (er  fc^tcigt;  fc^Iug,  gcfd^Iagen), 

to  strike,  beat;  to  rout  or  defeat. 
id}U(i)t,  bad,  wicked;  poor. 
fc^Ucftcn  (fc^Iofe,  gefc^Ioffen),  to  shut, 

close,  lock,  join,  press  (to  the 

heart),  conclude. 
fd^Itmm,  bad. 
frflttngctt    (fc^Iang,   gefd^Iitngcn),    to 

sling,  wind,  entwine;  to  swallow, 
bcr  ©(^liiffcl  (-g,  -),  key. 
f(^mal,  narrow. 
fc^mcden,    to    taste,    relish,    taste 

good;  eg  fc^mecft  mir,  I  like  it. 
frfinattcn,  to  buckle,  snap. 
frfina^^cn,  to  snap,  snatch, 
bie  (S^naujc  (-,  -n),  snout,  muzzle. 


fd^nctbcn  (fd^nitt,  gcfd^mtten),  to  cut. 
ber  <Bti}ncibev  (-6,  -),  cutter,  tailor. 
fd^netcn,  to  snow. 
fc^ttcH,  rapid  (ly),  swift,  quick, 
bic    ©c^ottc    (-,    -n),    clod,    sod; 

ground. 
fc^on,  already. 

fc^iJn,  pretty,  beautiful,  lovely, 
bie  ® d^ij^jfung  (-,  -en),  creation,  for- 
mation, 
bcr  <5(^ranf   (-eg,  ^c),   wardrobe, 

cupboard,  case,  closet, 
bcr  ©c^rcd  (-g,  -e),  fright. 
fd^rcdltd^,  frightful,  terrible,  awful. 
fd^rcifictt    (fd^rieb,    gefd^riebeti),    to 

write. 
bcr  Sd^rctficr  (-g,  -),  writer,  scribe, 

secretary,  clerk,  author. 
fd^rctcn   (ferric,   gefd^riccn),   to   cry 

(out). 
fc^rcitcn  (fd^ritt,  ift  gef (Written),  to 

stride,  proceed. 
fd^rifttid^,  written,  in  writing, 
bcr  ©d^ritt  (-eg,  -c),  step,  stride, 

pace;  [eitteg  ©d^rittcg  gc|cn,  to  go 

his  way. 
ber  ©c^u^  (-eg,  -t),  shoe, 
bcr  ©(^u^mad^cr  (-g,-),  shoemaker, 

cobbler. 
fd^ulblo^,  guiltless,  innocent, 
bic  ©^ulc  (-,  -n),  school, 
ber  ©emitter  (-g,  -),  pupil;  bie  ©d^il* 

lerin  (-,  -ntn),  (girl)  pupil, 
bic  ©d^iilcrsal^t  (-,  -en),  number  of 

pupils, 
bag  ©d^utl^ou!^  (-fcg,  -^fer),  school- 
house, 
ber  ©d^ul^of  (-eg,  -^c),  school  yard, 
bag    ©d^uHtnb    (-eg,  -er),   school 

child, 
bie  ©(^ulftufic  i-f  -n),  schoolroom. 


226 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


ba&  ®(^ul$lmmcr  (-«,  -),  school- 
room. 

ber  ®d|urfc  (-n,  -n),  scoundrel, 
rogue,  villain. 

bit  ©(^iiffcl  (-,  -n),  dish. 

ber  ®c^u^  (-eS)/  defense,  shelter, 
protection,  care. 

.ba^  <S(^u^gc&ict  (-eg,  -e),  protec- 
torate; colony. 

fdlhjad),  weak. 

ber  ©(^ttJans  (-e8,  ^e),  tail. 

fd^hjarg,  black. 

ft^ttjorsgrau,  black-gray,  dark  gray. 

fci^tocigcn  (fd^toieg,  gefc^lDiegen),  to 
be  silent,  be  quiet,  cease  (speak- 
ing). 

fd^hJcr,  heavy,  difficult,  hard,  seri- 
ous. 

baQ  @(^hjcrt  (-eg,  -er),  sword. 

ba^  ©^ttjcrtgcflirr  (-g),  clanking  of 
swords. 

bic  (Sc^  Dcftcr  (-,  -n),  sister. 

ft^hjtrrcn,  to  whir,  flit,  fly. 

f(^njiiren  (fd^mur,  gefd^moren),  to 
swear,  take  oath. 

ber  <Bti)\t>ttV  (-g,  -^e),  oath,  vow. 

fc(^^,  six;  fec^fte,  sixth. 

ber  ®ec  (-g,  -n),  lake. 

bie  ®cc  (-,  -n),  sea,  ocean. 

ber  ©ccl^anbcl  (-8),  ocean  com- 
merce. 

ber  ©cgcn  (-«,  -),  blessing. 

fc^ctt  (er  fie^t;  faf),  gefef)en),  to  see, 
look. 

bie  ©cl)nfud^t  (-),  longing. 

fc^nfut^tig,  longingly. 

fcl^r,  very,  much,  greatly. 

fcin  (er  i[t;  iDar^  ift  gemefen),  to  be; 
c8  ftnb,  there  are. 

fcin,  — e,  — ,  his,  its;  — er,  — c, 
— eg;  ber,  bie,  bag  — (ig)e,  his. 


fcit,  since,  for. 

bie  Scitc  (-,  -n),  side,  page. 

fcittoorti^,  sideways,  on  one  side. 

bie  ©cfuttbc  (-,  -n),  second. 

fellDbritt,  each  with  the  other  two. 

fctbft,  self,  myself,  yourself,  him- 
self, itself,  etc.;  even. 

felbftanbtg,  independent,  separate. 

feltcn,  seldom,  rare. 

feftfam,  strange,  curious. 

bie  Scmmel  (-,  -n),  roll. 

fcnbctt  (fanbte,  gefanbt),  to  send. 

ber  <Bepiemhtt  (-g),  September. 

ber  6cffel  (-g,  -),  seat,  chair. 

fc^cn,  to  set,  seat,  put,  place. 

fcufjcn,  to  sigh,  groan. 

bie  ©cgta,  sixth  grade;  lowest  class 
in  a  German  higher  school. 

ftd^  {dat.  and  ace.  of  reflexive  pro- 
nouns), himself,  herself,  itself, 
yourself  (yourselves),  them- 
selves; each  other;  one  another. 

fld^cr,  secure,  safe,  sure,  certain. 

fie^ern,  to  insure,  make  sure,  guar- 
antee. 

ftcftcn,  seven;  fiebte  (fiebente),  sev- 
enth. 

ber  (Stcgcrfronj  (-eg,  -^c),  victor's 
wreath,  garland. 

bag  ©liber  (-g),  silver. 

ftngcn  (fang,  gefutigen),  to  sing. 

bag  ©ingcn  (-g),  singing. 

ber  ©tngutor  (-g,  -e),  singular 
(number). 

ftttfcn  (fanf,  ift  gefunfen),  to  sink. 

ber  ©inn  (-eg,  -e),  sense,  mind, 
thought,  meaning;  taste. 

ftnncn  (fann,  gefoniten),  to  think, 
meditate,  reflect. 

ftnnl0!§,  unconscious,  thoughtless, 
foolish,  unmeaning. 


VOCABULARY 


227 


fi^cn  (fafe,  fiefcffen),  to  sit. 

fo,  so,  thus,  such  (a);  —  langc  olS, 
as  long  as. 

fofort,  immediately;  at  once. 

fogar,  even. 

fogcnanut,  so  called. 

foglcid^,  see  fofort. 

ber  ©ol^n  (-eg,  -^e),  son. 

foI(^  (— er,  — t,  —t^),  such;  —  einer, 
such  a. 

ber  'BiXt^di.i  (-en,  -en),  soldier. 

fottcn,  to  owe,  be  obliged  or  bound 
in  duty;  to  be  or  have  to;  {as 
aMX.),  shall,  should,  ought,  must; 
toaS  foil  "ti^^  fein?  (/z7.,  what 
shall  that  be),  what  do  you 
mean  by  that? 

fomit,  consequently,  accordingly, 
then. 

ber  ©ommcr  (-6,  -),  summer. 

bie  ©ommerfcricn  {pi),  summer  va- 
cation, holidays. 

bie  Sommerl^i^  (-,  -n),  summer 
heat. 

ber  ^iSXC<mvtm^Vi.tX  {-{t)^,  -e),  sum- 
mer month. 

bie  ©ommerseit  (-,  -en),  summer- 
time. 

fonbcrn,  but. 

ber  ©omtafiettb  (-«,  -e),  Saturday. 

bie  ©otrne  (-,  -n),  sun. 

ber  ©onncnft^eln  (-«),  sunshine 
(light). 

ber  ©onncnftra^l  (-8,  -en),  ray 
(beam)  of  the  sun. 

ber  <Bonniaq  (-8,  -e),  Sunday. 

fonft,  else,  otherwise,  besides, 
moreover,  formerly. 

bie  6orge  (-,  -n),  sorrow,  care, 
anxiety,  trouble. 

fDrgcttfrct,  free  from  care. 


fotJtet,  so  or  as  much. 

fohjol^l , , .  aU  aud),  as  well ...  as. 

S^janicn  (-^^  neuL),  Spain. 

ber  ©Ranter  {-^,  -),  Spaniard. 

f^janifd^,  Spanish. 

f^annen,  to  span,  stretch,  cock  (a 
gun). 

ipdt,  late. 

fpajteren  or  —  gefien,  to  go  walking. 

ber  ©^ajicrritt  (-eS,  -e),  ride  on 
horseback. 

f^jcifen,  to  eat. 

baS  Bpitl  {-€,  -e),  play,  game. 

ipitUn,  to  play. 

ber  Spidptaici  (-e8,  -^e),  playground. 

bag  ©^ielltjarengcfc^aft  (-S,  -e),  toy 
shop. 

iipi^,  pointed,  sharp. 

bie  <BptadiC  {-,  -n),  speech,  lan- 
guage; frembc  — ,  foreign  lan- 
guage. 

fpret^en  (er  fprid^t;  fprad^,  gefprod^en), 
to  speak,  talk,  say. 

baQ  ©^ric^njort  (-eg,  -^er),  saying, 
proverb. 

fprtngcn  (fprang,  ift  gefprungen),  to 
spring,  leap;  to  break. 

ber  <Bptudf  (-eS,  -"-e),  saying,  maxim. 

f^jiiren,  to  trace,  track,  perceive. 

ber  <Btaai  (-eg,  -en),  state,  country; 
bie  33ereinigten  ©taaten.  United 
States. 

ber  ©taatiS^au^^alt  (-eg,  -e),  finance, 
administration  of  revenue,  bud- 
get. 

ber  ©tafi  (-eg,  -^c),  staflF,  stick. 

bie  ©tabt  (-,  -^e),  town,  city. 

ber  Btamm  (-eg,  -^e),  stem,  trunk; 
family,  race. 

ftammcn,  to  be  descended,  sprung, 
derived  (from). 


228 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


bcr  ©tanb  (-t^,  ^t),  position;  in  ben 
—  fcljen,  to  enable. 

bic  Stangc  (-,  -n),  pole,  rod,  bar, 
stick. 

ftarf,  strong,  stout, 

itati  (gen.),  instead  of. 

ftcc^cn  (er  ftic^t;  \ta<^,  gcftod^cn),  to 
stick,  pierce,  sting. 

ftcdcn,  to  stick,  put,  place. 

ber  StcdnabcHo^f  (-eg,  -^c),  pin- 
head. 

bcr  ®tcg  (-t^,  -c),  footplank, 
bridge,  path. 

\itfitn  ([tanb,  gcftanbcn),  to  stand, 
be  situated,  be,  stop. 

MUn  (cr  ftiet)It;  mi,  gcfto|)Ien),  to 
steal. 

ftcigcn  (ftieg,  ift  gcfttcgcn),  to  mount, 
ascend. 

ftcU,  steep. 

bcr  ©tcitt  (-e8,  -c),  stone. 

fteinig,  stony,  rocky. 

bic  ©tcHc  (-,  -n),  place,  position, 
situation. 

ftcttctt,  to  place,  put,  set. 

bic  ©tcCung  (-,  -en),  placing,  posi- 
tion, posture. 

ftcrbctt  (er  ftirbt;  ftarb,  ift  gcftorben), 
to  die. 

ftct;§,  steadily,  continually,  always. 

ftill  ( — e),  still,  silent,  quiet. 

bic  ©timmc  (-,  -n),  voice. 

ber  ©tod  (-e8,  -^c),  stick,  cane. 

ber  ©tod  (-eg),  story  (of  a  house). 

bag  ©todtocrf  (-eg,  -c),  story,  floor. 

ftols,  proud. 

ber  ©tola  (-eg),  pride. 

bcr  ©tranb  (-eg,  -c),  strand,  beach, 
seacoast, 

bic  ©tra^c  (-,  -n),  street. 

ftrelben,  to  strive,  struggle. 


bic  ©trcdc  (-,  -n),  stretch,  extent, 

distance,  extension. 
ftrcld^ctt  (ftrid),  geftrtc^en),  to  stroke, 

spread,  strike,  cancel, 
bcr  ©trcit  (-eg,  -c  or  — tgfeitcn), 

strife,  dispute,  quarrel,  conflict. 
ftrcitcn  (ftritt,  geftritten),  to  fight, 

quarrel,  dispute. 
bcr  ©trom  (-g,  -^e),  stream,  river, 
bic  ©tro^jl^e  (-,  -n),  stanza, 
bcr  <Bitumpf   (-eg,  -^c),   stocking, 

sock, 
bic  ©tutic  (-,  -n),  room, 
bog  ©tiid  (-eg,  -c),  piece, 
ber  ©tubcnt  (-en,  -en),  student, 
ftubteren,  to  study, 
bag    ©tubium    (-g,    bic    ©tubicn), 

study, 
ber  ©tu^t  (-eg,  -^c),  chair,  stool, 
ftum^jf,  stumpy,  blunt,  dull, 
bic  ©tunbc  (-,  -n),  hour,  period; 

recitation, 
bic  ©ufitraftiott  (-,  -en),  subtrac- 
tion. 
fu^cn,  to  seek,  search  (for), 
ber  ©jiben  (-g).  South. 
fiiblid^,  south,  southern, 
bic  ©iibfcc  (-),  South  Sea;  ©iibfce* 

gebtet,  see  ©cbict. 
bic  ©ummc  (-,  -n),  sum. 
bcr  ©iinbcr  (-g,  -),  sinner,  culprit; 

arnter  — ,  condemned  criminal, 
bte   <Buppe   (-,   -n),   soup,   broth; 

©u^pcnloffel,  see  Sdffel. 
fiift,  sweet. 

X 

bic   Xafti    (-,   -n),    table,   board; 

SBanbtafel,  blackboard, 
ber  Xaq  (-eg,  -e),  day. 
tdQlidi,  daily,  every  da,y. 


VOCABULARY 


229 


bcr  Xaiet  (-9,  -),  German  coin,  3 
marks. 

ber  Xanntnhanm  (-e«,  -^e),  fir-tree. 

bie  Xante  {-,  -n),  aunt. 

bit  ^oft^e  (-,  -n),  pocket. 

ha^  Xa^d)cntutti  (-eg,  ^cr),  hand- 
kerchief. 

bie  Xa^d^tnufit  (-,  -en),  watch. 

bie  Xa^]c  {-,  -n),  cup. 

bie  Xat  (-,  -en),  deed,  act,  action. 

tatig,  active. 

tec^nifd^,  technical. 

ber  (bag)  XtH  (-g,  -e),  part,  share; 
sum  grofeten  STeile,  for  the  most 
part. 

bie  Xtxinaiimt  (-),  participation, 
share,  sympathy,  interest,  co- 
operation. 

ber  XcUev  (-6,  -),  plate. 

teucr,  dear,  costly,  beloved. 

ber  ^^ron  (-g,  -e(n) ),  throne. 

tief,  deep,  far. 

ha^  Xkt  (-«,  -e),  animal. 

bie  Xkt^ahci  (-,  -n),  animal  fable. 

bie  Xxttie  (-,  -n),  ink. 

ber  Xi^^  (-eg,  -e),  table. 

ber  Xx^^Ut  (-g,  -),  joiner,  cabinet- 
maker. 

bag  Sifd^tu^  (-eg,  -^er),  table-cloth. 

ber  2;itel  (-g,  -),  title. 

bie  Xottjttx  {-,  •^),  daughter. 

bie  £od^terfrf(uIe  (-,  -n),  school  for 
girls. 

ber  Xoh  (-eg),  death. 

toff,  mad,  absurd. 

ber  ^or  (-en,  -en),  fool. 

ber  ^rati  (-eg,  -c),  trot. 

Irage,  lazy. 

tragcn  (er  '  ;  tmg,  getragen),  to 
bear,  ca         to  endure,  suffer. 

traurtg,  sad,      rowful. 


ttaut,  clear;  beloved,  intimate. 

bie  Xveppc  (-,  -n),  stairs,  staircase, 
flight  of  stairs. 

tretcn  (er  tritt;  trat,  'i)at  or  ift  getre* 
ten),  to  tread,  walk,  step. 

treu,  faithful,  true,  sincere,  loyaL 

bie  Xteue  (-),  fidelity,  loyalty. 

trinfcn  (tranf,  getrunten),  to  drink. 

trorfen,  to  dry. 

tropfctt,  to  drop. 

ber  Xvop^n  (-g,  -),  drop. 

ber  Xto^t  (-eg),  comfort,  solace. 

tro^  (gen.),  in  spite  of,  despite,  not- 
withstanding, although. 

tro^bcm,  although,  notwithstand- 
ing. 

ber  Xvn^  (-eg),  boldness,  defiance; 
©c^u^  unb  — ,  defense  and  of- 
fense. 

bag  Xuiif  (-<«,  -^r),  cloth. 

hk  XuQcnh  (-,  -en),  virtue. 

bie  Xnipc  (-,  -n),  tulip. 

tun  (er  tut;  tat,  getan),  to  do,  per- 
form, make;  eg  tut  mir  leib,  I  am 
sorry. 

bie  $£ur  (-,  -en),  door. 

turncn,  to  do  gymnastics. 

bag  $£urnctt  (-g),  gymnastics. 

U 

libel,  evil,  bad. 

iiiiCtt,  exercise,  practise,  drill. 

lifter   (dat.   or  ace),   over,   above, 

higher  than,  across,  on  account 

of;  about,  by  way  of. 
uhtvaU,  all  over,  everywhere. 
iiftcrfiringcn  (iiberbrad^te,  iiberbrad^t), 

to  bring  to  or  over,  deliver. 
«6ergc6cn  (er  iibergibt;  iibergab,  iibers 

geben),  to  give  over,  surrender. 
iificrmorgen,  day  after  to-morrow. 


230 


BEGINNERS     GERMAN 


uftcrrcid^cn,  to  hand  or  reach  over, 
present. 

iibcrfccifd^,  transoceanic,  across 
the  ocean. 

«'6crfc^cn  {aiix.  fein  and  fiabcn),  to 
leap  over,  cross  over  (a  river, 
etc.). 

uficrfc'^cn,  to  translate. 

iificrubcrmorgcn,  the  day  after  the 
day  after  to-morrow;  three  days 
hence. 

ubertodltigen,  to  overcome,  over- 
power, subdue. 

«6crft)inbcn  (iibertoanb,  ubcrtounbcn), 
to  overcome,  conquer,  sur- 
mount. 

itlbng;  left  over,  remaining,  super- 
fluous. 

bic  U^r  (-,  -en),  timepiece,  clock, 
watch;  time  of  day. 

bcr  U^rmad^cr  (-8,  -),  clock  (watch) 
maker. 

bie  U^rma(ftcrci  (-,  -en),  clock 
(watch)  shop. 

WVX  {ace),  around,  about,  near, 
concerning,  over,  past;  for,  in 
order  to. 

umbrtngen  (brad^tc  um,  umgebrad^t), 
to  bring  to  death;  cinen  um  cttoag 
— ,  to  cause  one  to  lose  some- 
thing, take  away  something 
from  one. 

umgel^en  (ging  um,  ift  umgegangen), 
to  associate  with. 

um^erliegen  (lag  umber,  umJ^crgele* 
gen),  to  lie  around,  about. 

umf el^ren  {aux.  fein  and  tiaben),  to 
turn  around  or  about. 

ber  Umfc^Iag  (-«,  -^e),  turning  up 
or  over;  sudden  change,  turn; 
cover;  envelope. 


umf^onncn,  to  stretch  around,  en- 
circle. 

unab^dngig,  independent. 

ttnabtdffig,  incessant(ly). 

unaufmerffam,  inattentive. 

unbefannt,  unknown,  ignorant,  un- 
acquainted. 

unb,  and. 

unbeutlid^,  indistinct,  obscure,  con- 
fused. 

uneben,  uneven,  rough;  unsuit- 
able. 

bie  Unetnigfcit  (-,  -en),  discord,  dis- 
sension. 

uncin!^,  disunited,  at  variance. 

unenbltd^,  endless. 

Ungarn  (-8;  neiit.),  Hungary. 

ungcfdl^r,  approximate,  about,  al- 
most, near. 

ungenau,  inexact,  inaccurate. 

ungetabe,  not  straight,  not  even; 
odd. 

ungliirffelig,  unhappy,  unfortunate. 

bie  Union  (-,  -en),  the  Union, 
United  States. 

bie  Untbcrfitdt  (-,  -en),  university; 
auf  ber  — ,  at  the  university. 

\xixm\iitihat,  immediate,  direct. 

unred^t,  not  right,  wrong. 

bie  Unfd^ulb  (-),  innocence,  purity. 

unf^ulbig,  innocent,  guiltless. 

unfer  {gen.ofXoxx),Qi  us;  — ,— (e)re, 
— ,  (ber,  bie,  \ia^)  — e  or  — ige, 
our,  ours. 

untdtig,  inactive. 

unten,  below,  beneath,  underneath, 
downstairs. 

«ntcr  {dat.  or  ace),  under(neath), 
below,  among. 

bie  Unterl^aftuttg  (-,  -en),  conversa- 
tion, entertainment. 


VOCABULARY 


231 


hit  UnkxVxppe  {-,  -n),  under  or 
lower  lip. 

untcrnc^mcn  (er  untemimmt;  unter= 
tta{)m,  unternommen),  to  under- 
take, attempt. 

bo8  Untcrpfanb  (-e^,  ^er),  pledge, 
security. 

bie  Untcr^rima,  lower  first  (grade) ; 
the  next  highest  year  in  a  Ger- 
man higher  school. 

untcrrtd^'tcn,  to  teach,  instruct. 

ber  Unterfdiicb  (-g,  -e),  distinction, 
difference. 

bie  Untcrfefunba,  lower  second 
(grade) ;  the  sixth  year  in  a  Ger- 
man higher  school. 

Utt'terftc^cn  (ftanb  unter,  untcrgeftan* 
ben),  to  stand  under. 

ttnterftc'^cn,  to  be  under  (one's 
command). 

untcrftcHen,  to  put,  place  under, 
put  under  cover  or  shelter. 

untcrftii'^cn,  to  support,  prop,  sus- 
tain; to  second  (a  motion). 

bie  Unterftii^ung  (-,  -en),  propping, 
support,  assistance. 

bie  Untcrtcrtto,  the  lower  third 
(grade);  the  fourth  year  of  a 
German  higher  school. 

ber  Unberftonb  (-e«),  lack  of  under- 
standing or  judgment;  folly. 

ttnhJO^l,  unwell,  indisposed. 

ufttJ.  (unb  fo  toeiter),  and  so  forth. 


ber  JBotcr  (-8,  ^),  father. 

baS  aSoterlonb  (-6,  ^er),  fatherland, 

native  country;  Germany, 
bie  JBcranlaffung   (-,  -en),  cause, 

occasion,  motive. 


berarfieitcn,  to  work  up,  manufac- 
ture, digest. 

tJCrftcff  cm,  to  render  better,  correct, 
improve. 

tjcrbtnbcn  (derbanb,  tierbunbcn),  to 
bind,  unite,  join. 

bertitetben  (oerblieb,  ift  Derblieben), 
to  remain,  persist. 

bie  JBcrbrcitung  (-,  -en),  propaga- 
tion, circulation,  spreading. 

tjcrbicncn,  to  earn,  gain,  merit,  de- 
serve. 

ha^  (ber)  JBerbicnft  (-e8,  -e),  gain, 
profit,  merit;  —  urn,  service  to. 

bcrbrangen,  to  crowd  out,  displace, 
supplant. 

tjerbrieftltd^,  vexed,  cross. 

bcrcintgt,  united;  35ereintgte  ©taa» 
ten.  United  States. 

ber  JBcrfatt  (-8),  decay,  decline,  de- 
terioration. 

tJcrfaffungj^gemoft,  according  to  the 
laws,  constitutional. 

bie  SScrgangcnl^eit  (-,  -en),  past. 

bcrgcbUrfi,  in  vain. 

bergeffen  (er  berglfet;  dergafe,  bergef* 
fen),  to  forget. 

bcrgleid^cn  (derglid^,  berglid^en),  to 
make  equal  or  even,  adjust; 
to  compare. 

bog  ^txffdittti^  (-ffeS,  -ffe),  relation, 
condition,  circumstances. 

ttvfiti^nnq§t)Oti,  promising. 

berfoufen,  to  sell. 

ber  fBttUfiV  (-8),  traffic,  inter- 
course, communication,  com- 
merce. 

bie  SSerfe^r^bcsicfiung  (-,  -en),  com- 
mercial relations. 

ber  SSerfe^r^faben  (-g,  -^),  thread  of 
communication  or  commerce. 


232 


beginners'   GERMAN 


bos  JBcrfc^rebcrlfialtni^  (-ffc8,  -ffe), 
see  S3erfe{)r8bejief)un0,  commer- 
cial condition. 

berflagen,  to  accuse,  bring  action 
against,  sue. 

bcrlaffcn  (cr  berlciBt;  bcrltcfe,  Derlaf* 
fen),  to  leave  (behind),  forsake, 
abandon. 

tjcrttcrcn  (derlor,  berloren),  to  lose. 

ber  JBcrluft  (-eg,  -e),  loss,  damage, 
injury,  waste. 

k»crmctnt,  supposed,  imaginary. 

tjermtffcn,  to  miss. 

bcrncl^mctt  (cr  bernimmt;  bemaf)m, 
bernommcn),  to  hear,  perceive, 

tJcrfaumcn,  to  neglect,  miss. 

ticrfd^tcbcn,  different. 

tjcrfc^lingcn  (berfc^Iang,  Dcrfc^Iungcn), 
to  twine,  gulp  down,  swallow. 

bcrfd^roinbctt  (berfd^ioattb,  tft  ber* 
fc^tDunbcn),  to  disappear,  vanish. 

bcrf^arcn,  to  spare,  save. 

bie  IBcrft^rcd^ung  (-,  -en),  promise. 

tJcrftcrfcn,  to  hide,  conceal. 

t)crftc^cn  (Dcrftanb,  tocrftanben),  to 
understand. 

bcrfut^cn,  to  attempt,  try. 

tjcrtcilcn,  to  divide,  distribute,  ar- 
range, apportion. 

bcrtilgcn,  to  destroy,  exterminate. 

tocrtrctcn  (er  bertrttt;  bcrtrat,  bertre* 
ten),  to  stand  in  place  of  another, 
represent. 

bcr  aScrtretcr  (-«,  -),  representa- 
tive. 

ber  JBcrtoanbtc  (-n,  -n;  cin  — r), 
related  one,  relative. 

ber  JBerhJcgene  (-n,  -n;  cin  — ^r),  pre- 
sumptuous, insolent,  saucy  fel- 
low. 

kier)t)unbert,  surprised,  astonished. 


bcraeirictt  (berjicf),  ber^tcl^en),  to  par- 
don. 

bie  JBcrsct^ung  {-),  pardon. 

cin  ©cto  einlegcn,  to  veto  (a  bill). 

bid  (met)r,  meift),  much,  many. 

t)teI0ead^tet;  much  respected,  highly 
regarded,  much  heeded. 

totelfad^,  manifold,  often. 

t»tclmttt(^),  often,  many  times,  fre- 
quently. 

t)icr,  four;  biertc,  fourth. 

kJtcrcrftg,  four  cornered,  square, 
rectangular. 

bie  JBiertclftunbc  (-,  -n),  a  quarter 
of  an  hour. 

ber  JBogel  (-8,  ■«•),  bird. 

bag  JSoH  (-e8,  -^cr),  people,  nation. 

bie  JBiiHcrgriJ^c  (-,  -n),  size  or  great- 
ness of  nations  or  races. 

bie  SiJHerhJanberung  (-,  -en),  mi- 
gration of  peoples. 

bo8  miUixit^  (-eg,  -er),  folk-song. 

bie  95oK^fdjuIc  (-,  -n),  primary  or 
common  school. 

"ba^  ^oiUixnm  (-«,  ^er),  nationality. 

k»oa,  full  (of). 

tooUenben,  to  complete,  finish. 

tioSenbj^,  entirely,  completely. 

tjom=bon  bem. 

toon  {dat.),  of,  from,  by,  in,  on, 
upon,  concerning. 

tjor  {dat.  and  ace),  before,  formerly, 
in  front  of,  in  presence  of,  on  ac- 
count of,  with,  from,  against;  ago. 

tjoran,  before,  on,  onwards,  at  the 
head,  foremost,  ahead. 

toorau^rcnnen  (rannte  boraug,  ift  bor=» 
QuSgerannt),  to  run  ahead,  in 
advance. 

tjor&crcitcn,  to  prepare,  get  ready 
beforehand. 


VOCABULARY 


233 


toorfiilben,  to  foreshadow,  represent; 
to  give  a  preparatory  education, 
educate. 

bic  JBorbitbung  (-,  -en),  prepara- 
tion. 

ber  ©orbcrgruttb  (-cS,  -^t),  fore- 
ground, front. 

bie  ©orbertafct  {-,  -xi),  front  tablet. 

borflcftcrn,  day  before  yesterday. 

ijorl^cr,  previously. 

tjorig,  former,  preceding. 

tjorfommen  (fom  dor,  ift  borgcfom^ 
men),  to  come  forth,  appear, 
happen. 

\>otUqtn,  to  lay  before,  display. 

bie  SJorlcfung  (-,  -en),  reading 
aloud,  lecture. 

ber  JBormittag  (-e8,  -c),  forenoon. 

tjorne^mctt  (er  nintmt  bor;  nal^m  dor, 
borgenomnten),  to  take  before, 
take  in  hand,  undertake. 

bie  J8orf(^uIc  (-,  -n),  preparatory  or 
elementary  school. 

ber  JSorfi^  (-eS),  presidency. 

t)ox\pxtiiitn  (er  fpric^t  dor;  fprad^  dor, 
dorgefprod^en),  to  pronounce  to 
or  for  (one),  teach  one  how  to 
pronounce. 

tjortragen  (er  tragt  dor;  trug  dor,  dor= 
getragen),  to  carry  or  bring  be- 
fore, lecture  (on),  deliver  (a 
speech). 

bag  aSdrurteit  (-g,  -e),  prejudice. 

Jjdrdorgcftcrn,  the  day  before  the  day 
before  yesterday;  three  days  ago. 


toadfcn,  to  watch,  sit  up;  to  awake. 
tuad^fam,  watchful,  vigilant. 
toac^fen  (er  miic^ft;  loud^g,  ift  getoad^^ 
fen),  to  wax,  grow. 


bie  aSar^t  (-,  -en),  watch,  guard, 
ber  aSagen  (-g,  -),  vehicle,  wagon, 

carriage, 
bie  SSa^t  (-,  -en),  choice,  selection, 

election;  bei  jeber  — ,  at  each  elec- 
tion. 
toaffUn,  to  choose,  elect. 
toaffV,  true,  genuine,  real. 
toa^rcnb  (gen.),  during;  during  the 

time  that,  whilst, 
ber  maih  (-eg,  -er;  dim.  ba^  SBaib- 

c^en),  wood,  forest. 
toalttn,  to  dispose,  govern,  rule, 
bie  aSanb  (-,  -^e),  wall, 
ber  aSanbcrcr  (-g,  -),  traveler,  pil- 
grim. 
toanbcrn    (aux.   fetn),    to   wander, 

roam,  travel, 
bie  aSonbcrfc^aft  (-,  -en),  traveling, 

pilgrimage, 
ber  aSanbcr^mann   (-(e) g,   -leute), 

wanderer,  traveler, 
ber  SBanbcrtrieS  (-g,  -e),  impulse 

(inclination)  to  wander, 
bie  SBanbfarte  (-,  -n),  wall  map 

or  chart, 
bie  aSanbtafcI  (-,  -n),  blackboard, 
bie  aSanbu^r  (-,  -en),  wall  clock. 
huann,  when;  feit  — ?  since  when? 

how  long  ? 
bag  aSorenlagcr  (-g,  -),  warehouse, 

storehouse. 
toarm,  warm. 
toarten,  to  wait;  —  auf  (ace),  to 

wait  for. 
to  arum,  why. 
toa§,  what;  that  which;  why;  see 

etldog;  —  filr  ein,  what  kind  (sort 

of). 
toofc^cn  (er  'ma\^t;  toufc^,  geh)afd)en), 

to  wash. 


234 


beginners'   GERMAN 


bog  SSttfifcr  (-g,  -),  water. 

hjcbcln,  to  wag. 

ber  9Scg  (-eg,  -e),  way,  road,  route; 

manner;  passage;  distance. 
hjcgcn  {with  preceding  or  following 

gen.),  because  of,  on  account  of, 

for  the  sake  of,  for,  respecting, 

with  regard  to. 
ha^  9Sel^  (-eg,  -e  or  -en),  woe,  pain, 

misery;  agony  of  longing. 
hJC^rcn,  to  prevent,  oppose;  fid^  — , 

to  defend  one's  self,  resist. 
totxti),  soft,  tender,  delicate,  smooth, 
bie  SSci^narfftcn  (/>/.),  Christmas, 
ber  SSci^narfjt^mann  (-eg),  Santa 

Claus. 
bie  SSct^nac^tlscit  (-),  Christmas 

time. 
tocil,  because,  since,  while, 
bie  S!BctIc,(-,  -n),  a  while,  time; 

leisure, 
ber  SSetn  (-eg,  -e),  wine,  vine. 
ItJCifc,  wise,  cunning,  prudent, 
bie  SSctfc   (-,  -n),  way,  manner, 

style. 
hJcifcn   (tt)teg,   geluiefen),   to  show, 

point,  direct. 
ftjci^,  white. 

hJCit,  wide,  broad,  large,  far,  dis- 
tant. 
tocttcrgci^cn  (ging  iocitcr,  ift  tocttcr* 

gegangen),  to  go  further, 
ber  SBcigcn  (-g),  wheat. 
hjclc^,  which,  what;  — er,  — c,  — eg, 

which,  what,  who. 
bie  SScKc  (-,  -n),  wave, 
bie  SSett  (-,  -en),  world, 
bie  SSettf)anbcI^marf|t  (-,  -^e),  power 

of  world-commerce, 
bie  SBcItnJtrtfrfiaft   (-,  -en),  inter- 
national commerce. 


tocnbctt  (toanbtc,  gemonbt),  to  turn 
(over,  around,  about),  change. 

tucntg,  little,  not  much,  few. 

ttienn,  when,  if,  whenever. 

tuenngleid^,  as  if,  though,  although. 

hjcr,  who,  he  who. 

hjcrbctt  (er  toirb;  murbe  [loarb],  ift  ge* 
tt)orben),  to  become,  grow,  be. 

tocrfcn  (er  mirft;  luarf,  getoorfen),  to 
throw. 

bag  SScrf  (-eg,  -e),  work,  produc- 
tion, deed. 

ber  SScrfeltag,  see  SBerftag. 

bie  SScrfftdttc  (-,  -n),  workshop. 

ber  aScrftag  (-eg,  -e),  working-day, 
week-day. 

ber  aScrt  (-eg,  -e),  worth,  value. 

hJCffcn  {gen.  of  totx),  of  whom, 
whose. 

hJCi^rtJCgcn,  wherefore,  on  account 
of  which. 

ber  aScftctt  (-g),  the  West. 

tocttcn,  to  bet,  wager;  barauf  — ,  to 
bet  on  it. 

bag  aScttcr  (-g,  -),  weather,  storm. 

hJtd^tig,  weighty,  important. 

bie  SSSid^tigfeit  (-,  -en),  weight,  im- 
portance, matter  of  importance. 

ber  SSibcr^att  (-g,  -e),  echo. 

toic,  how,  as,  like,  when;  fo  fc^on  — , 
as  beautiful  as. 

hJtcbcr,  again. 

toie'bcrl^olcn,  to  bring  back. 

miebcr^o'Icn,  to  repeat. 

hJicbcrfd^rcificn  (fc^rieb  hjieber,  h)te* 
bcrgefcfirieben),  to  write  again. 

hJtcberfcl^en  (er  fiefit  iDieber;  fal)  mie* 
ber,  iDiebergefel^en),  to  see  again; 
auf  2Bieber[ef)en!  until  we  see 
each  other  again!  good-by! 

totcbcrum,  again;  on  the  other  hand. 


VOCABULARY 


235 


lEBicn  (-«;  neut.),  Vienna, 

bie  2Siefc  (-,  -n),  meadow. 

tdXCoitt,  how  many. 

With,  wild. 

ber  SSinb  (-eg,  -e),  wind. 

toinfcin,  to  whine,  whimper. 

ber  SSintcr  (-g,  -),  winter. 

ber  SBi^fcI  H,  -),  (tree)  top. 

toitttn,  to  work,  effect,  produce, 
operate. 

toirflid^,  actual,  real. 

ber  SSirt  (-eg,  -e),  host,  innkeeper. 

bie  SBirtf^aft  (-,  -en),  economics, 
husbandry;  inn-keeping,  inn. 

h)irtf(i^aftUdf(,  economic  (al),  belong- 
ing to  economics  or  to  a  house- 
hold; agricultural. 

ha^  aStrtft^oft^intcrcffc  (-«,  -n), 
farming  interest,  economic  in- 
terest. 

ber  SBifc^cr  (-«,  -),  wiper,  black- 
board-eraser. 

toiffen  (er  meife;  loufetc,  gertufet),  to 
know;  er  njufete  fid^  ni^t  ju  fielfen, 
he  did  not  know  how  to  help 
himself,  what  to  do. 

bie  aSiffcnfr^oft  (-,  -en),  science. 

too,  where,  in,  on,  at  which,  when. 

bie  aSoc^c  (-,  -n),  week. 

toO(^cntUc^,  weekly. 

bie  SBogc  (-,  -n),  wave,  billow. 

ber  SBogen^raH  (-«),  rebound  of 
waves. 

tool^cr,  whence,  how. 

tool^tn,  whither,  to  what  place, 
where. 

tool^t,  well;  indeed,  of  course;  per- 
haps, probably,  undoubtedly. 

toDl^ttatig,  beneficent,  benevolent, 
charitable. 

tool^nen,  to  dwell,  reside,  live. 


ber  aSol^ttpIa^  (-e6,  -^e),  dwelling- 
place,  town. 

ber  aSol^nfi^  (-e^,  -e),  residence, 
dwelling-place. 

ha^  aSo^njimmer  (-«,  -),  living- 
room. 

bie  aSoHc  (-,  -n),  cloud. 

tooHcn,  to  wish,  will,  be  willing;  to 
desire,  like,  want,  intend. 

toomtt,  wherewith,  with  which 
(what). 

bie  aSonnc  (-,  -n),  joy,  rapture,  bliss. 

tooran,  for  (in)  which. 

ha^  aSort  (-eg),  word;  pi.  -e,  con- 
nected words;  -^er  (as  SSorter* 
buc^),  disconnected  words. 

bie  aSortfotgc  (-,  -n),  order  of 
words. 

tootiihtt,  whereat,  whereof,  at, 
over,  upon  what  (which). 

tootJOn,  whereof,  of  or  concerning 
which  (what). 

ha^  SSunbcr  (-g,  -),  wonder,  aston- 
ishment, miracle. 

tounbcrfiar,  wonderful,  astonishing, 
marvelous. 

tounbcrlidfi,  strange,  odd. 

tounberfam,  wonderful. 

tounbcrtJOff,  wonderful. 

toiinfd^cn,  to  wish,  desire. 

bie  aSiirbc  (-,  -n),  dignity,  honor, 
majesty,  office. 

ber  SSurf  (-eg,  -^e),  throw,  cast. 

bie  aSSurscl  (-,  -n),  root. 


3 

bie  3tt^I  (-,  -en),  number,  figure. 
jal^ten,  to  count,  number. 
Sa^Icn,  to  pay;  bar  — ,  to  pay  cash, 
ber  3tt^n  (-g,  ^e),  tooth. 


236 


BEGINNERS'   GERMAN 


ba^  SdfitiWtti  (-6,  -c  or  -m),  tooth- 
ache. 

bag  S^nfcn  (-«),  quarreling. 

5.  a3.=3um  53ci[piel,  see  33eifpicl. 

5C^n,  ten;   jetintc,  tenth, 

SCtd^ncn,  to  mark,  draw,  sketch. 

ha^  3ci^nc«  M)/  drawing. 

jetgeit;  to  show,  point  out. 

bcr  Scigcr  (-«,  -),  pointer,  hand. 

bic  S^itc  (-,  -n),  line. 

bic  Sett  (-,  -tn),  time. 

baS  Sett  (-eg,  -e),  tent,  vault  of 
heaven. 

Scrftci^cn  (jcrbife,  gcrbiffen),  to 
crunch,  break  with  the  teeth, 
bite. 

Scr6rc(^cn  (cr  gcrbrid^t;  gcrbrod^,  ser« 
broc^cn),  to  break  to  pieces. 

Scrfattcn  (cr  jcrfaltt;  jcrftel,  ift  gcrfal* 
len),  to  fall  to  pieces,  fall  into 
parts  or  branches. 

8crf(^cffcu  {aux.  fcin),  to  go  to 
pieces;  to  be  wrecked. 

5crf(^ncibcn  (serfd^nitt,  scrfd^nitten), 
to  cut  into  pieces,  cut  up. 

jcugctt,  to  testify,  bear  witness. 

bag  Scugnii^  (-ffcg,  -ffc),  certificate, 
testimonial. 

sicken  (gog,  gcgogcn;  aux.  f)abcn  a»</ 
fcin),  to  draw,  pull;  to  move, 
extend. 

$xemlidi,  tolerable,  rather. 

bic  3icr(i>^)  (-/  -(Oti)/  ornament, 
decoration. 

gicrcn,  to  ornament,  decorate. 

ha^  Sintmcr  (-g,  -),  room. 

bcr  3orn  (-g),  anger. 

Sornig,  angry. 

JU  (dat.),  to,  on,  by,  for,  at;  — 
%u^,  on  foipt;  —  '»|3fcrb,  on  horse- 
back; —  »aufc,  at  home. 


5U,  too. 

judcn,  to  jerk,  start,  flash,  quiver. 

bcr  3«dcr  (-g),  sugar. 

Sucrft,  at  first,  firstly. 

bcr  3w9  (-eg,  -^c),  pull,  march;  pas- 
sage; train. 

gugc^cn  (ging  gu,  tft  sugcgangen),  to 
go  up  to;  to  take  place;  auf  ben 
5lbenb  — ,  to  be  going  on  towards 
evening. 

bic  3»fwnft  (-)/  future. 

Sulflffcn  (cr  lafet  gu;  liefe  ju,  gugelaffcn), 
to  leave  closed;  to  admit. 

5um=gu  bcm;  —  ©oubcrneur  to'd^kn, 
to  elect  governor;  —  i^cnftcr  t)in= 
QUgfcl^cn,  to  look  out  of  the  win- 
dow. 

jumad^cn,  to  close. 

Sunc^mcn  (cr  nimtnt  p;  nai)m  gu,  gu* 
genommcn),  to  take  in  addition, 
increase. 

bic  3"tt9C  (-,  -n),  tongue. 

5ur=gu  bet. 

Siirncn,  to  be  angry  (tibcr,  urn, 
about,  at,  with). 

5Uriirf,  back,  backwards. 

5uriirffitf)rcn,  to  lead  back;  —  auf, 
to  trace  back  to. 

Suriirfgc^en  (ging  guriicf,  ift  guriidgcs 
gangen),  to  go  back,  return. 

SUriirf^attcn,  to  echo  back,  re- 
sound. 

suriidfommcn  (tarn  guriicf,  tft  gurlid^ 
gcfommcn),  to  come  back,  re- 
turn. 

Suritdrettcn  (rttt  priidE,  tft  gurlidCgc* 
ritten),  to  ride  back  (on  horse). 

guriidffd^trfen,  to  send  back. 

juriirffcnbcn  (fanbtc  guriidf,  priidgc* 
fanbt),  to  send  back. 

Sufammcn,  together. 


VOCABULARY 


237 


Sufamtncnfiinbcn  (banb  pfammen, 
aufammengcbunbeti),  to  bind  to- 
gether. 

Sufammcnl^attcn  (cr  pit  jufaTttmen; 
f)ielt  aufaTnTTtcn,  jufatnmengefialten), 
to  hold  together. 

Sufammcnfommcn  (tarn  gufammcn, 
fie  finb  sufammengcfommen),  to 
come  together,  meet,  assem- 
ble. 

Suftc^cn     (ftanb    ju,     augcftanbcn) 


(cinem),   to  belong  to,  be  the 

duty  of;  to  be  closed. 
SUhjenbcn  (toanbtc  gu,  auQCitJanbt),  to 

turn  towards. 
^tvav,  in  truth,  indeed,  of  course, 

to  be  sure. 
5rtjci,  two;  jiueitc,  second, 
ber  8h»etg  (-(e)8,  -e),  branch. 
gtoifd^cn  (dat.  and  ace),  between, 

among. 
jtoolf,  twelve;  jtoolfte,  twelfth. 


The  Walter-Krause  German  Series 
Beginners'  German 

By  Dr.  Max  Walter,  Director  of  the  MusterscKule,  Frank- 
fort-on-Main,  and  Dr.  CARL  A.  KRAUSE.  Head  of  the 
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1.  Oral  work  is  Insisted  on  from  the  outset. 

2.  After  the  preliminary  lessons,  reading  is  made  the  centre  of  Instruction. 

3.  Drill  in  writing  German  accompanies  the  oral  work  and  the  reading 

exercises. 

4.  Grammar  is  taught  inductively. 

5.  The  building  up  of  a  working  vocabulary  Is  emphasized  systematically. 

6.  A  German  atmosphere  is  carefully  maintained  throughout  the  book. 

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the  best  teaching  of  German  in  America  have  by  test  found 
this  inspiring  book  the  most  useful  text-book  for  beginners. 

CHARLES    SCRIBNER'S    SONS 

NEW  YORK  CHICAGO  BOSTON 

ATLANTA  SAN  FRANCISCO 


The  Walter-Krause  German  Series 
First  German  Reader 

By  Dr.  Max  Walter,  Director  of  the  Musterschule,  Frank- 
fort-on-Main,  and  Dr.  CARL  A.  KRAUSE,  Head  of  the 
Department  of  Modem  Languages  in  Jamaica  High 
School,  New  York  City,  and  Lecturer  in  New  York 
University. 

Price  90  cents 

This  is  based,  like  the  "BEGINNERS'  GERMAN,''  upon 
the  direct  method  skilfully  worked  out  to  meet  the  needs 
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selections  of  a  more  general  character  for  supplementary 
reading,  after  which  are  included  a  number  of  well-known 
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4.  A  true  German  atmosphere  Is  maintained  throughout  the  book. 

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CHARLES    SCRIBNER'S    SONS 

NEW  YORK  CHICAGO  BOSTON 

ATLANTA  "  SAN  FRANCISCO 


The  Walter-Krause  German  Series 
German  Songs 

Compiled  by  Dr.  MAX  WALTER  and  Dr.  CARL  A. 
KRAUSE. 

Price  50  cents 

It  is  generally  agreed  among  teachers  that  school 
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Short  Stories  for  Oral  German 

By  Anna  Woods  Ballard,  Instructor  in  French 
in  Teachers  College,  New  York,  and  Dr.  CARL 
A.  KRAUSE. 

Price  80  cents 

This  volume  contains  87  carefully  selected  fables, 
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an  abstract  of  German  grammar,  a  list  of  verbs,  and 
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lating book  for  oral  work. 

CHARLES    SCRIBNER'S    SONS 

NEW  YORK  CHICAGO  BOSTON 

ATLANTA  SAN  FRANCISCO 


The  Walter-Krause  German  Series 

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STORM'S  "IMMENSEE/*  edited  by  Dr.  C.  M.  Purin, 
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ARNOLD'S  "FRITZ  AUF  FERIEN,"  edited  by 
Dr.  A.  Appelmann,  Professor  of  German  in  the 
University  of  Vermont.  50  cents 

SEIDEL'S  "LEBERECHT  HUEHNCHEN,"  edited 
by  Dr.  William  F.  Luebke,  Assistant  Professor  of 
German  in  the  State  University  of  Iowa.    50  cents 

STORM'S  "POLE  POPPENSPAELER,"  edited  by 
Dr.  A.  Busse,  Associate  Professor  of  German  in 
Hunter  College  of  the  City  of  New  York.     50  cents 

GERSTAECKER'S  "IRRFAHRTEN,"  edited  by 
Dr.  William  R.  Price,  Specialist  in  Modern  Lan- 
guages, University  of  the  State  of  New  York.  50cents 
OTHERS  IN  PREPARATION 

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